Lab1 Report Mass Moment of Inertia of Flywheel Mundher Hidarah PDF

EME3401 - LAB INVESTIGATION 1
REPORT
EXPERIMENT 5 : MASS MOMENT OF

INERTIA FLYWHEEL
Name (as in SEGi ID): MUNDHER HUSSEIN SALEM HAIDARAH

SEGi ID: SUKD1901775
Group ID:
UCLan ID:
Course Code: EME3401
Course Name: Lab Investigation 1
Submission Date: 2/11/2020
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1.0 OBJECTIVE
The aim of this experiment is to measure the mass moment of inertia of flywheel.
2.0 THEORY
A mechanical system with a large moment of inertia used to store rotational energy is the
flywheel apparatus. The flywheel consists of a heavy circular disc / massive wheel mounted
on either side with a solid axle projection. On two fixed supports, the axle is mounted on ball
bearings. On the axle, there is a small peg. The weight-hanger holds one end of a rope loosely
looped around the peg and its other end. As a fluctuating torque is applied on it, the Flywheels
resist changes in their rotational speed, which helps stabilise the rotation of the shaft. One
sign of the moving body 's capacity to retain kinetic energy is rotational inertia. It is also a
measure of the torque needed to propel the body by rotation. Since mass is a measure of
linear acceleration resistance, the moment of inertia is a measure of angular acceleration
resistance.
For a thin solid disk of flywheel, the mass moment of inertia can be expressed as shown in
Equation 1 below, where m = mass, r = radius of the flywheel.
(Equation 1)
If you look at Newton’s second law F= m × a, Where F is force, m is mass of object, and a
is acceleration, a relationship between the applied torque, T, and angular acceleration, α, can
be determined for rotational motion. The equation can be described as shown below:
T = I.
(Equation 2)
For constant angular acceleration, the angular displacement of a rotating object can be
obtained from Equation 3.
 =  t + ½  t2
(Equation 3)
3.0 APPARATUS
Figure 4.1 Flywheel Apparatus Figure 4.2 weights
1. Flywheel apparatus.
2. Set of weights.
3. Stopwatch. 4. Ruler.
4.0 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
1. The measurements of the radius of torque pulley (rp) and flywheel (r), as well as the
mass of the flywheel (m) were recorded.
2. A cord was wounded around the torque pulley, and a load hanger of 10 N was taken
and hanged at the free end of the cord.
3. The 10 N load was placed on the load hanger and was held in position.
4. The flywheel was adjusted so that the arrow marked on it was aligned with the arrow
marked on the rig.
5. The stopwatch was set to zero.
6. The load was released, while the stopwatch button was pressed simultaneously.
7. After 1 revolution, the flywheel and the stopwatch were stopped simultaneously.
8. The time taken for the flywheel to rotate 1 revolution was recorded.
9. The experiment was repeated three times, and an average value of time taken for the
flywheel to rotate one revolution was obtained.
10. Steps 3 – 9 were repeated for another 5 different sets of loads.
5.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Table 6.1 below shows the results for Applied Torque, Average Time taken, and Angular
Acceleration, for each load that have been used in this experiment.
Time taken (Sec)

Angular
Acceleration, α
(rad/s2 ) = 4π/ t2
Total Load, W on Applied
average
the torque pulley Torque, T
(N( (Nm) = W*rp t1 (s) t2 (s) t3 (s) t average (s)
10 0.2 5.34 5.00 4.88 5.07 0.488
15 0.3 3.22 3.22 3.25 3.23 1.204
20 0.4 2.85 2.82 2.56 2.74 1.673
25 0.5 2.19 2.19 2.31 2.23 2.526
30 0.6 1.93 1.88 1.91 1.90 3.480
35 0.7 1.66 1.69 1.69 1.68 4.452
Table 6.1
The calculations that have been used to determine the Applied Torque, Average Time
taken, and Angular Acceleration for the 10 N load, are in Table 6.2 below:
Given To Determine Calculations
load, W = 10 N. Torque (Nm) 𝑁𝑚
rfw = 20 mm
Average Time (s) 𝑡1 + 𝑡2 + 𝑡3 5.34 + 5.00 + 4.88
= 0.02 m
taverag = =
3 3
Time1, t1 = 5.34s.
= 5.07 𝑠
Time2, t2 = 5.00 s.
Angular
ɵ = 𝜔0𝑡 + 1⁄2 𝛼𝑡2
Time3, t3 = 4.88 s. Acceleration
ɵ = 360 = 2π rad. (rad/s2)
Angular velocity, (2π) = (0)𝑡 + 1⁄2 𝛼𝑡2

𝜔 0 = 0. a=4π/t2
4π/(5.07)2 = 0.488rad/𝑠2
Table 6.2
Figure 6.1 below shows the graph of torque against angular acceleration and its linear
equation.
Graph of Torque vs Angular Acceleration

0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Angular Acceleration (rad/s2)
Figure 6.1
Table 6.3 below shows the calculations for theoretical value and experimental value of mass
moment of Inertia, and error Percentage of Mass Moment of Inertia.
Given To Determine Calculations
m = mfw+mring+mdisk theoretical value of

mfw = 15 kg mring = the mass moment
3.55 kg mdisk = 3.65
kg r = rfw = 125 mm 𝐦𝐫𝟐 𝟐)
(15.1 + 3.55 + 3.65) × (0.125)2
= 0.125 m 𝐼𝑇 =
𝐈𝐓 = (𝐤𝐠𝐦
𝟐 2
= 0.1742 𝑘𝑔𝑚2
Ie = Gradient of graph experimental value
equation at of the mass moment
Figure 6.1 𝐓
𝐈𝐞 =____ (𝐤𝐠𝐦𝟐) = 0.4098 kgm2
𝛂
IT = 0.1742 kgm2 Error Percentage of

Mass Moment of 0.1742−0.4098
Inertia = =( ___________________ )×𝟏𝟎𝟎(%)
Ie = 0.4098 kgm2
𝐈𝐓−𝐈 0.1742
=( _____ )×𝟏𝟎𝟎(%) =-135.2468 %
IT
Table 6.3
DISCUSSION
The percentage error is close to -135%, as can be seen in Table 6.3. These mistakes could be
caused by human errors. Errors may also be triggered by the machinery used, resulting in
energy loss due to friction.
One of the main reasons for inaccuracy in this experiment is that the stopwatch is used by
humans, and that the time taken for 1 revolution was not correct due to human reaction time,
which produced around -135 percent error. We may simply decrease the experiment tests to
deal with this problem, which will make the average more reliable. Or, for the stopwatch, a
laser sensor may be used. Moreover, the hanger was oscillating as the loads were applied,
which could influence the angular acceleration. Through waiting and letting the hanger rest
by itself until we began the test, we can deal with it, even ensure that there are no airflows
such as wind or air conditioner airflows that can cause the hanger oscillate.
6.0 CONCLUSION
The moment of inertia of the flywheel was studied in this experiment, in which the effects
were dependent on the mass and radius of the flywheel. The moment of inertia is therefore
increased as the mass and radius of the flywheel are increased, which indicates that the
mass is equal to the moment of inertia. The experimental values are observed to have
certain differences from the theoretical ones from the relation between the experimental
values and the theoretical ones. These deviations are due to causes of errors, such as human
errors or friction-related energy loss.
7.0 REFERENCES
1. Meriam J. L. and Kraige L. G., Engineering Mechanics Dynamics, 6th Edition, John
Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2. Hibbeler, R.C., Engineering Mechanics Dynamics, 11th Edition, Prentice-Hall

International.
3. Lynn White, Jr., “Medieval Engineering and the Sociology of Knowledge”, the Pacific
Historical Review, Vol. 44, No. 1. (Feb., 1975), pp. 1-21 (6).
4. Lynn White, Jr., “Theophilus Redivivus”, Technology and Culture, Vol. 5, No. 2. (Spring,
1964), Review, pp. 224-233 (233).
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EME3401 - LAB INVESTIGATION 1

EXPERIMENT 5 : MASS MOMENT OF

Name (as in SEGi ID): MUNDHER HUSSEIN SALEM HAIDARAH

Course Code: EME3401

Course Name: Lab Investigation 1

Submission Date: 2/11/2020

Figure 4.1 Flywheel Apparatus Figure 4.2 weights

4.0 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

mass of the flywheel (m) were recorded.

and hanged at the free end of the cord.

marked on the rig.

5. The stopwatch was set to zero.

flywheel to rotate one revolution was obtained.

10. Steps 3 – 9 were repeated for another 5 different sets of loads.

5.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Time taken (Sec)

10 0.2 5.34 5.00 4.88 5.07 0.488

15 0.3 3.22 3.22 3.25 3.23 1.204

20 0.4 2.85 2.82 2.56 2.74 1.673

25 0.5 2.19 2.19 2.31 2.23 2.526

30 0.6 1.93 1.88 1.91 1.90 3.480

35 0.7 1.66 1.69 1.69 1.68 4.452

Given To Determine Calculations

load, W = 10 N. Torque (Nm) 𝑁𝑚

Angular velocity, (2π) = (0)𝑡 + 1⁄2 𝛼𝑡2

Graph of Torque vs Angular Acceleration

Angular Acceleration (rad/s2)

Given To Determine Calculations

m = mfw+mring+mdisk theoretical value of

IT = 0.1742 kgm2 Error Percentage of

2. Hibbeler, R.C., Engineering Mechanics Dynamics, 11th Edition, Prentice-Hall

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