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Conventional flexible pavements

Layers –Subgrade layer

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDe03CSlTSU
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Conventional flexible pavements

Layers –Subbase course
■ A layer or layers of specified or selected
materials of designed thickness placed on a
subgrade to support a base course.
■ Usually of somewhat lower quality than the
base layer
■ In some cases, the subbase may be treated with
Portland cement, asphalt, lime, fly ash, or
combinations of these admixtures to increase
its strength and stiffness

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Conventional flexible pavements

Layers –Subbase course
■ A subbase layer is not always included,
especially with rigid pavements
■ Inclusion of a subbase layer is primarily an
economic issue
■ A subbase layer is typically included when the
subgrade soils are of very poor quality and/or
suitable material for the base layer is not
available locally, and is, therefore, expensive .

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Conventional flexible pavements

Layers – Base course
■ A layer or layers of specified or select material
of designed thickness placed on a subbase or
subgrade (if a subbase is not used) to provide a
uniform and stable support for binder and
surface courses.
■ It usually consists of high-quality aggregates,
such as crushed stone, crushed slag, gravel and
sand, or combinations of these materials.
■ The specifications for base materials are usually
more stringent than those for the lower-quality
subbase materials.

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Conventional flexible pavements

Layers – Base course
■ The base layer typically provides a significant
portion of the structural capacity in a flexible
pavement system and improves the foundation
stiffness for rigid pavements.

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Conventional flexible pavements

Layers – Base and subbase course layers

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDe03CSlTSU
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Conventional flexible pavements

Layers – Prime coat
■ Application of low viscosity Cutback
asphalt to an absorbent surface Prime coat
such as untreated granular base on
which asphalt layer will be placed
on.
■ Uses
Minimize flow of asphalt cement from the
asphalt concrete to the aggregate base
Fill the surface voids and protect the subbase
from weather.
Stabilize the fines and preserve the subbase
material.
Promote bonding to the subsequent
pavement layer
*Cutback asphalt = AC + Petroleum solvent
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Conventional flexible pavements

Layers – Prime coat

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDe03CSlTSU
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Conventional flexible pavements

Layers – Surface (Wearing) course
■ The surface course is usually constructed on top of
a base layer of unbound coarse aggregate, but
■ often is placed directly on the prepared subgrade
for low volume roads
■ Must be:
1. Tuff to resist distortion under traffic
2. Provide smooth, uniform, and skid resistant
riding surface.
3. Waterproof to protect the entire pavement
from the weakening effects of water.
■ If the above requirements can not be met, the
use of seal coat is recommended.
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Conventional flexible pavements

Layers – Surface (Wearing) course

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDe03CSlTSU
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