MOUNT CARMEL COLLEGE OF CASIGURAN

Casiguran, Aurora
3204

CAMPUS JOURNALISM (EL119)

Title of Report:
SCOPE OF JOURNALISM
Reporter:
MARIA DIADEM I. PRADO JOYCE ANNE T. BERNAL
PRECIOUS JEWEL P. BERNAL BRYAN T. LUMATA

OTHER DEFINITIONS OF JOURNALISM:

Something that embraces all forms in which or through which the news and comments on
the news
reach the public. All that happens in the world, if such happenings hold interest for the public,
and all the thoughts, actions, and ideas which these happenings stimulate, become basic materials
for the journalist. -Fraser F. Bond
Enjoyable co-curricular activity of the school paper staff in collecting, organizing, and
presenting news; in writing editorials, columns, literary articles, and features; in copy reading,
proofreading, dummying, and writing headlines. -School Paper Advisers of the City Schools of
Manila.

SCOPE OF JOURNALISM
There are three major divisions of journalism: written journalism, oral journalism and
visual journalism. Newspapers and magazines fall under written journalism and are classified as
periodicals. Periodicals are publications released in regular intervals: bi-monthly, monthly,
weekly, etc.
A newspaper, compared to the magazine, prints more news and has no special cover.
Newspapers are printed in paper called newsprint. News is printed all over the newspaper having
the hottest news in the front page.
A magazine, on the other hand, has a special cover and prints less news but more human-
interest stories and features. Magazines are printed in book paper and if ever a magazine contains
news, it’s brief, summarized and can only be found inside pages.
Periodicals, journals, books, graphic media and brochures are under print media.
Radio falls under oral journalism and while television, movies and documentaries are under oral-
visual journalism. Radio and television are examples of broadcast media while movies and
documentaries are examples of film media.

SECTIONS/PARTS OF A CAMPUS PAPER

Whether it is a community, metropolitan, or national paper, its parts and sections are more or less
the same.

A. Front Page
1. Local news- news that takes place within the country.
2. Foreign news- news that takes place outside the country.
3. Dateline news- an Out-of-town news story. It is introduced by a dateline which states the
place from which the story was reported, the date, and the source of the material if not
written by the local staff, as Tokyo, Japan, Jan. 25 (AP).
4. Weather news- usually a boxed forecast of the area, sometimes the temperature, wind
directions and velocities.
5. Index- a slug line indicating an important insight page story and the page where it is found.
6. Other things found on the Front Page: (Those with asterisk may or may not be present).
a. Nameplate- The engraved or printed name of the newspaper, as the Manila Times or PNC
Torch.
b. Ears-The little boxes on either side of the nameplate.
c. Banner- The principal headline bearing the boldest and biggest type. It is the title of the
most important news of the day which is called banner news. It may or may not run across
the page. It may also be called a streamer.
d. Running head- a head made up of two or more lines.
e. Headline- The title of any news story. The word headline is used only for titles of news
stories.
 f. Deck- a subordinate headline placed immediately below its mother headline, also known
as bank or readout.
g. Lead- The beginning of a news story. It may be a word, a group of words, a sentence, or
even a paragraph.
h. News story- The whole story of an event composed of the lead and the text which is the
elaboration of the lead.
i. Columns-The horizontal division into parts of a newspaper. Many national papers are
divided into eight columns while a typical school paper is divided into five columns of 12
Ems each.
j. Column rule- The vertical line that divides the page into columns. Most pages of
newspaper are divided into columns by a space usually one Ems wide. This space is called
the sunken rule.
k. Fold-The imaginary horizontal line that divides a newspaper equally into two parts.
l. Byline – The signature of a reporter preceding a news-feature, as By Warren Cruz.
m. Cut- A metal plate bearing a newspaper's illustration, also known as cliché.
n. Cutline-The text accompanying photos and other art work, better known as a caption. If
written above the photo just like a slug line, it is called an overline.
o. Kicker- a tagline placed above but smaller than a headline, also known as teaser. If it is
bigger than the headline, it is called a hammer.
p. Credit line- a line giving the source of story of illustration, as Reprinted from the "Manila
Times" or Photo by MPI.

B. FRONT PAGE
1. Folio-consists of the page number, date of publication, and name of the newspaper, usually
written on top of the page. This is also found in other pages.
2. Masthead- the editorial box containing the logo,
names of the staff members and position in the staff,
subscription rate, the publisher, and other pertinent
data about the newspaper. A logo, (a short word for
logotype) is a cut which contains an identifying
word or words, such as the name of the newspaper
or of a section.
3. Editorial proper- A commentary written by any of the editors who comments or gives the
opinion of the staff or of the whole paper on various subjects. lt is the stand of the paper.
4. Editorial column- A personal opinion written by the columnist himself. Like the editorial
proper, it may attack, teach, entertain, or appeal depending upon its purpose.
5. Editorial cartoon- Usually a caricature emphasizing a simple point. Usually humorous, it
has the function of the editorial. It stands by itself and is not a complement of the editorial
proper.
6. Editorial liner- a short statement or quoted saying placed at the end of an editorial column
or editorial to drive home a message.
7. Letter to the editor- A letter sent in by the reader giving his personal views on certain
aspects.