FERROU LUCÍA STHEFANÍA GROUP A

FROM SOCIAL SERVICE TO WELFARE

UNITED STATES
Early XX Century
Period
Progressive Movement led by Theodore
Administration Roosevelt (1901 – 1909), followed by Taft
/ Philosophical (1909-1913) and ended by the Democrat W.
representatives Wilson (1913-1921)
Social - Rise in wage and reduction of
working hours for mine
workers
- (1906) Pure food and Drug Act
- (1914) Immigration
Reformation Bill
- Among others
Economic - (1902) Trust-busting
Campaigns
- (1909) Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Measures - (1917) Farm Load Act
- Among others
Political - (1908) Federal Supervision of
the stock market
- (1909) Sixteenth Amendment
- (1920) Enfranchisement of
women.
GREAT BRITAIN
Mid Victorian Period → Second half of the XIX
Century (1840 – 1890)
- There was an alternation of Conservative and
Liberal administrations.
- This epoch was marked by the supremacy of
Liberalism → Philosophical Radicalism inspired
by Jon Stuart Mill
Due to Government assuming responsibility for
citizens, there was a great influence on legislation
related to:
SOCIAL
SERVICE Education - (1870) → Elementary Education Act
- (1871) → University Test Act
Health - (1875) Public Health Act
- (1878) Factory and Workshops Acts
Housing - (1875) Artisans Dwelling Act
Democracy - (1867) Reform Bill
- (1872) Secret Ballot Act
- (1884) Reform Bill →
enfranchisement of rural working
classes

1930s → Beginning of the Great Depression Late Victorian Period → Early half of the XX Century
Period (1906 – 1914)
Administration Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1945) SOCIAL - Period of The LAST Liberal administrations
Philosophical representatives: John - This period is marked by the decline of Liberalism
/ Philosophical SECURITY
Maynard Keynes’ theory of economy. and the emergence of New Liberalism with L.T.
representatives Hobhouse and J.A. Hobson
Measures FIRST - (March, 1933) First Fireside There is change in the conception of the “needed” by
 FERROU LUCÍA STHEFANÍA GROUP A
NEW Act the administrations and the State now pays attention
DEAL - (March, 1933) Agricultural not only to the working classes but also to the people
Adjustment Act who are sick or unemployed by passing a series of
- (May, 1933) Emergency Relief
measures:
Act
- (June, 1933) National Social - (1908) Old Age Pension Act
Industrial Recovery Act - (1909) The People’s budget
- Among others - (1911) National Insurance Act → KEY
Act that brought about the SSS in GB.
SECOND - (1936) Social Security Act Education - (1902) Balfour Education Act
NEW - Good! This was the most - (1907) Provision of Meals Act
DEAL important act for the - (1907) School Medical Services Act
emergence of the Social Democracy - (1911) Parliament Bill
Security State in US. - (1918-28) People’s Act:
Enfranchisement of women.
Housing - (1909) Town Planning Act

1960s → after Second World War → Second half of the XX Century → After the Second
Period emergence of the United States as a leading SOCIAL World War (as a consequence)
country
Administration Johnson’s administration (1963-1969)
WELFARE - Labour Party.
/ Philosophical The central - PM: Clement Attlee.
representatives government
- “New Frontier” program by Kennedy together with Social programs were launched as an answer to the
- “Great Society” program by Johnson local Beveridge Report of 1942 that reported on the needs
[Both aimed at eliminating poverty and authorities that needed to be tackled dividing them into five
racial injustice and at expanding social assumed a branches:
benefits] major
- Medicaid: it was a state and federal responsibility
provision of essential medical services to for dealing
the most vulnerable in society. with the
Measures - Medicare: It resulted in a basic program totality of
of hospital insurance for persons aged 65
schemes and
and older and a supplementary medical
insurance program to aid the elderly in
services.
paying the doctor bills and other health Important
care bills. innovation:
health
programmes B Un- - Even when this problem
I employment was not solved, there were
FERROU LUCÍA STHEFANÍA GROUP A
G some improvements in
working conditions and the
F reduction of working
I hours.
V Poor - (1944) Education Act
E education - Policy of local authority
responsibility for health
care of school children
- Secondary education
obligatory till the age of 15.
- (1960) repeal of the “11+
examination” viewed as
discriminatory
Bad Housing - (1947) Town and Country
Planning Act
- (1949) Housing Act
- (1950) authorization to the
local authorities to
allowance of private built
houses.
Poverty - (1946) National Insurance
Security Act
- (1948) National Assistance
Act
Sickness - (1946) National Health
Service Act →
nationalization of
hospitals, among others
- (1948) National Health
Service Act → This
measure was the most
relevant one for the
emergence of the Welfare
State in GB. All the rest are
just improvements or
extensions of services
already provided by the
state.