Linear Equations and Matrices

Systems of Linear Equations

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Matrices

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Matrix Multiplication

Dot product:

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Product of matrices:
Note that the i, jth element in the product matrix is the dot product of the ith
row of A and the jth row of B.
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Algebraic Properties of Matrix Operations

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Special Types of Matrices and Partitioned Matrices

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Matrix Transformations
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Computer Graphics
Solving Linear Systems

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Every square matrix has associated with it a scalar called its determinant.
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Note:The row rank of a matrix is the maximum number of linearly independent rows.
Similarly, the column rank of a matrix is the maximum number of linearly independent
columns.

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Extra Note: The rank of a matrix A is the order of the largest nonzero
minor of A.
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Note: (Properties of Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors)

• The sum of the eigenvalues of a matrix equals the trace of the matrix.
(Note that the trace of a matrix is the sum of the elements on the main
diagonal.)

• A matrix is singular if and only if it has a zero eigenvalue.

• The eigenvalues of an upper (or lower) triangular matrix are the elements
on the main diagonal.

• The product of the eigenvalues (counting multiplicity) of a matrix equals

the determinant of the matrix.
Note: Similar matrices share many properties including rank, determinant, trace,
eigenvalues and characteristic polynomial.
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