7

Technology and
Livelihood Education
(CARPENTRY)

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
First Quarter – Module 3: Maintaining Tools and Equipment
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module

Writers: Julimen A. Erojo

Hurley Enguito
Anselmo G. Cating Jr.
Evaluators: Melchisedick Q. Bolanio
Alexito L. Pancho
Nilo G. Tubio
Michael Joseph F. Boniao
John Christopher A. Cuevas
Mardy Lyn L. Tugahan

Illustrator and Layout Julimen A. Erojo

Artist:

Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V
Asst. Regional Director
Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI
Schools Division Superintendent
Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD

Members: Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS

Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief
Joseph T. Boniao, EPS – EPP/TLE
Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS
Edwin V. Palma, PSDS
Ray G. Salcedo, Principal II/District In-charge
Avilla G. Taclob, Principal I/District In-charge
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Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II

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 7
TLE (Carpentry)
Module 3-Week 3
Maintaining Tools and Equipment

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and
or/universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders
to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the
Department of Education at action@ deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Introductory Message
3
Introductory Message …………………………………..... i
What I Need to Know ………......................................... 1
What I Know ………......................................... 1
Learning Outcome 1: Check Condition of Tools and Equipment
Classification of Functional and Non-functional Tools ……. 5
Labelling Defective Tools…................................................... 6

Learning Outcome 2:Perform Basic Preventive Maintenance

Servicing Defective Tools ………........................................... 8

Tools Maintenance Procedure ………………………………… 11

Types and Uses of Lubricants ………………………………… 12

What’s More ………......................................... 13

What I Have Learned ………......................................... 13
What I Can Do ………......................................... 14
Assessment ………......................................... 17
Additional Activities ………......................................... 19
Answer Key ………......................................... 21
References ………......................................... 22

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 Introductory Message

For the Learner

Welcome to the Carpentry 7 exploratory Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module 3 Maintaining Tools and Equipment!
This module presents varied activities that help you understand how to
maintain tools and equipment. We know that in order to produce a quality product
you need also a well-maintained tools and equipment. A dull wooden plane cannot
produce a smooth lumber. In other case also, dull tools can cause accident so
proper maintenance should always be practiced regularly.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

What’s New
introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
What’s More
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

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 What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity that will help

i
you transfer your new knowledge or skill in
real-life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use your TLE notebook in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the directions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in the module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

Maintaining tools and equipment is very necessary in carpentry in order to

work more smoothly and effectively.It is a basic knowledge that every carpentry
student should learn. We know that tools are very important in modifying the
materials to create a useful project.
Knowing how to maintain the sharpness of edge-cutting tools, tooth-cutting
tools and other hand tools and equipment will help you understand the advantages
of working with good tools like efficiency, accuracy, quality of work and speed of
work.

After working on this module, you will be able to:

1. Check the condition of tools and equipment.
2. Perform basic preventive maintenance.

What I Know

Before starting with this module, let us see what you already knew about
identifying tools and materials in carpentry. Answer the following questions below.
Directions: Read each of the following questions carefully. Then, write the letter of
the correct answer on your TLE notebook.

1. What classification of tools can be used after a period of time?

A. condemned
B. functional
C. non-functional
D. repaired
2. What classification of tools is considered condemned?
A. condemned
B. functional
C. non-functional
D. to be repaired
3. What do you call to the process of putting a tag on a defective tool to avoid
using it?
A. labelling
B. signing
C. posting
D. pricing

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4. What is the process of checking the list of tools and equipment in the shop?
A. Inventory
B. Labelling
C. Requesting
D. Tagging
5. What is the process of reshaping the cutting edge of a tool?
A. grinding
B. honing
C. jointing
D. whetting
6. What is the process of sharpening edge tools with water on a waterstone and
oil in an oilstone using the coarse side?
A. grinding
B. honing
C. jointing
D. whetting
7. What is the process of sharpening edge cutting tools after whetting?
A. grinding
B. honing
C. jointing
D. whetting
8. What is done by running a flat file over the ends of saw teeth?
A. filing
B. honing
C. jointing
D. setting

9. What is the process of bending the teeth of the saw slightly outward?
A. filing
B. honing
C. jointing
D. setting
10. What is the actual sharpening of the teeth of a saw?
A. filing
B. honing
C. jointing
D. setting
11. What kind of tool is used in setting the teeth of asaw?
A. file
B. plier
C. saw set
D. wrench
12. What kind of tool is used in sharpening the teeth of a saw?
A. file
B. plier
C. saw set
D. wrench

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13. What is a substance introduced between two moving surfaces to reduce
friction?
A. alcohol
B. lubricant
C. sealant
D. water
14. What is derived from wool grease and is safe alternative to the more
common petro-chemical based lubricants?
A. lanolin
B. mineral oil
C. vegetable oil
D. water

15. What is used to encompass lubricating base oil derived from crude oil?
A. Lanolin
B. mineral oil
C. vegetable oil
D. water

3
Module
Maintaining Tools and Equipment
3

What’s In

Before we proceed to our lesson, tell me what kind of form is used when you
would like to request tools and equipment? How will you accomplish it? Write your
answers on your TLE notebook.

What’s New

Interview a carpenter in your locality. Ask the questions that follow, and write
the answers on your TLE notebook.

1. What carpentry tools need to be sharpened frequently?

2. How do you sharpen your chisel/plane and crosscut saw?
3. Why do you always sharpen your chisel/plane and crosscut saw?

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 What is It

Learning Outcome 1:Check condition of tools and equipment.

1.1 Segregate defective tools from functional ones.

Classification of Functional /Non-functional Tools

Tools when frequently used will become dull, rusted, worn out or even broken
and damage. Preventive maintenance should always be practiced to achieve a
high efficiency of service and prevent accident on the part of the user. After
several use, tools should be classified whether functional (can be used for a
period of time) or non-functional at all and to be condemned.

Classification of Functional Non- Remarks

tools functional
1. Guiding and
Testing tools
a. Try square Good condition
b. Combination Good condition
square
c. Level bar Good condition
d. Hose Level Good condition
2. Marking tools
a. Chalk line Tangled string Repair
b. Lead pencil
c. Scratch awl Good condition
3. Measuring
tools
a. Zigzag rule Good condition
b. Push-pull rule Broken spring Condemned
b. Marking gauge Good condition
4. Holding tools
a. Bar clamp Good condition
b. Bench vise Good condition
5.Tooth cutting
tools
a. Cross cut saw Loosen screw Repair
b. Rip saw Dull Sharpen
c. Keyhole saw Dull Sharpen
6. Sharp-edge
cutting tools
a. Chisel Dull Sharpen
b. Gouge Dull Sharpen

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7. Rough Facing
Tools
a. Hatchet Good condition
b. Axe Good condition
8. Smooth Facing
Tools
a. Wooden plane Knick Grind
b. Spoke shave Dull Sharpen
9. Boring Tools
a. Auger Good condition
b. Drill Good condition
10. Fastening Tools
a. Claw hammer Broken handle Repair
b. Screw driver Good condition
11. Sharpening
Tools
a. Oil stone Worn out Condemned
b. Grind stone Worn out Condemned

What’s More

Activity 1.1: Self-Assessment

Directions: On your TLE notebook, copy the table below. Then, give the
appropriate remarks for the tools listed.
Name of Tools Condition Remarks
1. Push-pull rule Broken spring

2. Cross cut saw Stick to the wood

3. Wooden plane Dull

4. Chisel Knick

5. Claw hammer Broken handle

1.2. Label defective tools.

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Labelling Defective Tools
When carpentry works progress, it can’t be avoided that workers rushed in the
tool room and get the tools needed. To avoid construction accident caused by
damage tools, the tool keeper should place a label on the tools that are already
assessed for damage indicating the name of the tool, the condition as well as the
remark whether to be repaired or to be replaced with a new one. Tie the label on the
tool so as to avoid exchanging. Make a report of tool damage.

Name of Tool: Push-pull rule

Condition of Tool: Broken spring
Remarks: To be condemned and replace with a
new one
Checked: Covido Quarantino
Date: June 1, 2020

What’s More

Activity 1.2: Self-Assessment

Directions: Fill up the card for labelling the damage tool, and copy the accomplished
card on your TLE notebook.

Name of Tool: ______________________

Condition of Tool: ___________________
Remarks: __________________________
__________________________
Checked:________________________
Date: ______________________________

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1.3 Report the list of defective tools.

Defective tools should be properly reported to the teacher for replacement or repair.
The following table shows the list of tools that are defective.

Tools Defect
1. Push-pull rule Broken spring
2. Cross cut saw Stick to the wood
3. Wooden plane Dull
4. Chisel Knick
5. Claw hammer Broken handle

___________________ ________________________
TOOL KEEPER SHOP TEACHER

What’s More

Activity 1.3 Self-Assessment

Directions: Copy the table below on your TLE notebook, Then, write the possible
defects of the tools on the second column.

Tools Defect
1. Push-pull rule
2. Cross cut saw
3. Wooden plane
4. Chisel
5. Claw hammer

Learning Outcome 2:Perform Basic Preventive Maintenance.

2.1. Repair defective tools.

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Servicing Defective Tools

Defective tools can be repaired when necessary depending on the kind of

damage, for example, a broken handle of a claw hammer can be replaced by a metal
or wooden handle. Other broken tools which require accuracy like the guiding and
testing tools should be replaced with part if available. Repairing of tools requires
expertise. If you doubt, never attempt to repair them. Refer to tool manual or to a
qualified person.
When chisel, spokeshave or the blade of the wooden plane hits a nail with
worn-out edge and rounded edge, the following sharpening processes should be
performed:
1. Grinding is a process of reshaping
the cutting edge of a tool. It should
be done through the use of electric
bench grinder to remove the nicked
and rounded edge.

2. Whetting is a process of
sharpening edge tools with water
on a waterstone and oil in an
oilstone. It is done after grinding to
remove irregularities of edge. It is
performed by using the coarse side
of the oil stone.

3. Honing is the process of

sharpening edge cutting tools after

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 whetting. To obtain a keener
cutting edge, honing should be
done through the use of the fine
side of the water stone.

Saws that have curved teeth can be ground and filed. The following sharpening
processes should be performed:

1. Jointing is done by running a flat

file over the ends of saw teeth.
This process is performed only
when the teeth of the saw have
been damaged by abuse or worn
out uneven. The saw is clamped
in a bench vise.

2. Setting is the process of bending

the teeth of the saw slightly
outward. It is commonly done by
means of a small tool called saw
set which is used in springing
over the upper part of each tooth
one to the right, the next to the
left.

3. Filing is the actual sharpening of

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 the teeth of a saw by the use of a
triangularslim taper file.

What’s More

Activity 2.1: Self-Assessment

Directions: On your TLE notebook, copy the items that follow. Then, identify what
is being referred to in each of the following items. Write your answer on the space
provided before each number.

_________1. It is a process of reshaping the cutting edge of a tool to remove the

nick.
________ 2. The process of sharpening edge tools with water on a waterstone and
oil in an oilstone. It uses the coarse side of the oilstone.

________ 3. It is a kind of tool used in setting the teeth of a saw.

________ 4. It is done by running a flat file over the ends of saw teeth.
________ 5. It is the actual sharpening of the teeth of a saw by the use of a
triangular slim taper file.

2.2. Conduct preventive maintenance of carpentry tools.

Tools Maintenance Procedure

Tools will last longer when properly kept and maintained. A good carpenter keeps
and cares for his tool. The following are some pointers to follow in keeping tools in
good condition.

1. Be sure to inspect tools before using them. This is to check if they are working
in good condition.

2. After using a tool, clean it thoroughly with a damp cloth before keeping it in
the tool box. To avoid rusting make sure that the tool has been thoroughly
dried before storing it.

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 3. Oil the metal parts of a tool to prevent rust formation.

What’s More

Activity 2.2: Self-Assessment

Directions: Answer the question that follows on your TLE notebook.

1. What are the procedures in maintaining tools and equipment?

Types and Uses of Lubricants

A lubricant is a substance (often liquid) introduced between two moving

surfaces to reduce friction and wear between them. A lubricant provides a protective
film which allows for two toughing surfaces to be separated and “smoothed”, thus,
lessening the friction between the surfaces. Lubricant chemically interacts with all
surfaces so that contact only occurs with the smooth and free lubricant. By this
process, abrasive particles are dissolved into lubricant, thus, making them also very
good solvents and cleaners.

TYPES OF LUBRICANTS
1. Liquid including emulsions and suspensions
2. Solid
3. Greases
4. Pastes

1. Liquid Lubricants
- Lanolin is a natural water repellent. It is derived from wool grease and is
safe alternative to the more common petro-chemical based lubricants.
These lubricants are also corrosion inhibitors protecting against rust, salt
and acids.
2. Water

- Water can also be used on its own or as a major component with one of
the other base oils.
3. Mineral Oil

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 - This is used to encompass lubricating base oil derived from crude oil.
4. Vegetable Oil
- This is primarily triglyceride oil derived from plants and animals.

Purposes of Lubricating

Lubricating performs the following functions:

1. Keep moving part apart

2. Reduce friction
3. Transfer heat
4. Carry Away contaminants and debris
5. Transmit power
6. Protect against wear
7. Prevent corrosion

What’s More

Activity 2.3: Self-Assessment

Directions: On your TLE notebook, copy the statements that follow. Then, identify
what is being referred to in each statement. Write your answer on the space
provided before each number.

________________ 1. It is a substance introduced between two moving parts

to reduce friction.
________________ 2. It is a natural water repellant derived from wool grease.
________________ 3. It can also be used on its own as a major component with
one of the other base oil.
________________ 4. It is used to encompass lubricating base derived from
crude oil.
________________ 5. These are primarily triglycerides derived from plants and
animals.

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 What I Have Learned

_________, _________, and ________ are the three processes involved in

sharpening edge-cutting tools.__________, __________ and __________ are the
three processes in sharpening tooth cutting tools.
What I Can Do

Performance Task 1: Conduct Preventive Maintenance of Carpentry Tools and

Equipment

Directions: Perform the operations of the following tools and equipment. Refer to the
rubric below for scoring.

1. Sharp-edge Properly Done Not Properly Undone

Done
cutting tools
Chisel, Spoke (3 points) (2 points) (1 point)
shave, Plane
1. Grinding Edge is Edge is Edge is
reshaped reshaped but improperly
evenly. not evenly. reshaped.
2. Whetting Edge is properly Edge is Edge is dull.
sharpened. sharpened but
not sharp.
3. Honing Edge is properly Edge is Edge is dull.
sharpened. sharpened but
not sharp.
4. Oiling Tool is properly Tool is not Tool is wiped but
wiped and oiled. properly wiped not oiled.
and oiled.
5. Check operation It produces a It doesn’t Unable to cut on
smooth cut on produce a wood.
wood. smooth cut on
wood.

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2. Tooth-cutting Properly Done Not Properly Undone
Done
tools
Cross cut saw, (3 points) (2 points) (1 point)
Rip saw, Keyhole
saw
1. Jointing Teeth were Teeth were Teeth were not
properly straight. straight but not properly straight.
properly.
2. Setting Teeth were Teeth were set Teeth were not
uniformly set. but not uniformly set.
uniformly.
3. Filing Teeth were Teeth were filed Teeth were not
properly filed. but not properly. properly filed.
4. Oiling Tool is properly Tool is not Tool is wiped but
wiped and oiled. properly wiped not oiled.
and oiled.
5. Check operation It produces a It will not stick It is unable to
straight cut that on wood but it cut on wood.
will not stick on doesn’t produce
wood. a straight cut.

15
 3. Power tools Properly Done Not Properly Undone
Done
Portable Electric
planer (3 points) (2 points) (1 point)
1. Whetting Edge is properly Edge is Edge is dull.
sharpened. sharpened but
not sharp.
2. Honing Edge is properly Edge is Edge is dull.
sharpened. sharpened but
not sharp.
3. Proper setting of Blades were Blades were set Blades were not
blade properly set and and tightened properly set and
tightened. but not properly. tightened.
4. Inspect electrical Electrical Electrical Electrical
connection, carbon connection, connection, connection,
brush and bearing. carbon brush carbon brush carbon brush and
and bearing and bearing bearing were not
were thoroughly were checked checked.
checked. but not
thoroughly.
5. Check operation. It produces a It doesn’t It is unable to
smooth cut on produce a cut on wood.
wood. smooth cut on
wood.

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 Assessment

Now that you are finished accomplishing the module, let us check what you have
learned.
Direction: Read each of the following questions carefully, and write the letter of the
correct answer on your TLE notebook.

1. Which of the following tools is used in sharpening tooth cutting tools?

A. electric grinder
B. oilstone
C. sandpaper
D. triangular slim taper file
2. Which of the following is the correct procedure in sharpening edge- cutting tools?
A. grinding - honing- whetting
B. grinding - whetting- honing
C. honing- whetting- grinding
D. whetting- honing-grinding
3. What is the classification of tools that are condemned?
A. functional
B. non-functional
C. to be repaired
D. to be replaced
4. What do you call to a liquid substance introduced between two moving parts to
reduce friction and wear?
A. glue B. lubricant C. sealant D. water
5. What is the process of reshaping cutting edge of a plane or chisel to remove the
nick?
A. filing B. Grinding C. jointing D. whetting
6. What kind of tool is used in setting the teeth of a saw?

17
 A. plier B. saw set C. triangular slim taper file D. wrench
7. Which of the following types of lubricants is commonly applied to hand tools to
prevent rust formation?
A. grease B. mineral oil C. solvent D. vegetable oil

8. Why is it important to introduce a lubricant between two moving parts?

A. to reduce friction
B. to stick the bearings
C. to improve heat emission
D. to minimize smooth rotation
9. What kind of tool is used in sharpening edge-cutting tools?
A. electric grinder
B. oilstone
C. saw set
D. triangular slim taper file
10. Which of the following is the correct procedure in sharpening tooth cutting tools?
A. filing - setting - jointing
B. jointing – honing - setting
C. jointing – setting - filing
D. setting - filing - jointing
11. What kind of lubricant is used to encompass lubricating base oil derived from
crude oil?
A.. Grease B. Lanolin C. Mineral oil D. Vegetable oil
12. What is primarily triglyceride oil derived from plants and animals?
A. Grease B. Lanolin C. Vegetable oil D. water
13. Why is it important to regularly clean and apply oil on a saw after using?
To…
A. minimize corrosion
B. prevent rust formation
C. keep the blade shinny
D. preserve the sharpness of a saw
14. Which of the following types of lubricant is derived from wool grease and is safe
alternative to the more common petro-chemical based lubricants?
A. Grease B. Lanolin C. Vegetable oil D. water
15. What may be the reason for always keeping the surface of water stoneplain

18
 before sharpening edge-cutting tools? To…
A. prevent early breakage of the water stone
B. establish plain surface on the edge of the tool
C. establish balance on the surface area of a water stone
D. minimize unnecessary movement of water stone while sharpening
Additional Activities

Practice sharpening edge-cutting tools like knife, bolo and scythe at home.

Congratulations! You have successfully completed Module 3. Please proceed

to Module 4,and learn about Selecting Measuring Instruments.

19
Answer Key

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21
 References

BOOKS

Department of Education, "Competency-Based Learning Module, Building

Construction NC I, 2008.

Fajardo Max B. Jr, "Simplified Methods on Building Construction, 2000.

Nielsen Thomas Lie, Sharpening. The Taunton Press, 2004.

Improvement Clipart Group, Netclipart. Accessed May 18, 2020.

https://www.netclipart.com/isee/oTTThm_home-improvement-clipart-
group-carpenter-vector/

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources

Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang
Cagayan de Oro City, 9000 22

Telefax: (088) 880 7072

E-mail Address: reiogn10@deped.govph