Polar Nonpolar

Molecule There is unequal or Molecule There is equal or

asymmetrical symmetrical
distribution of distribution of
electrons among the electrons among the
atoms of molecule atoms of molecules.

With partial charge/ No partial charge /

with dipole moment no dipole moment
Pertains to the three-dimensional arrangement
of atoms in a molecule

Lewis Dot Structure

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory
(VSEPR)
Valence electron are represented using a dot
around the symbol of the element.

H F O
1. Electron pairs stay as far apart from each
other as possible to minimize repulsion
2. Molecular shape is determined by the
number of bond pairs and lone pairs
around atom.
3. Treat multiple pair as if they were single
bonds (in making the prediction)
4. Lone pairs occupy more volume than bond
pairs.
1. Determine the central atom of a B- 2.0 Cl- 3.0
molecule. The central atom is the
least electronegative element.

2. Draw the appropriate Lewis dot Cl

structure for the molecule.

3. Count the number of bonding pairs

of electrons and non-bonding (or
lone pairs) around the central atom.
B
4. Determine the electron pair
orientation using the total number of
Cl Cl
electron pairs.

5. Name the shape of based on the

location of the atoms
Step 1: ENB = 2.0 ENCl = 3.0
Step 2:
Step 5: BCl3 is triangular Planar

Step 3: 3 bond pair and no

lone pair
Step 4: Electron pair orientation
for 3 electron is Triangular
planar
Molecule/Compound Lewis Dot Shape Polarity
Structure
AlCl3
H2O
N2O
HF
PCl3
CO2
HCN
CH4
SO2