20BS04 Physics

[2022-23 Semester I]
Exercise Bank
Module — 4: Quantum Physics:

1. Determine the de Broglie wavelength of a 50 g bullet that is moving with a velocity of

200 m/s and for an electron with a velocity of 106 m/s. Compare and comment on the
de Broglie wavelength in the case of both, bullet and electron.

2. In an interference experiment with bullets, the distance between the two slits (holes) is
0.5 m and the distance of the screen from the slit is 10 m. The bullet of mass 20 g
moving with a speed of 200 m/s. Assuming that these bullets exhibit interference-like
probability distribution, justify that the corresponding locations of maxima and minima
aren’t distinguishable. What if, the bullets were replaced by electrons moving with a
speed 106 m/s in the above interference experiment, where distance between the two
slits (holes) is 1.5 cm and between slit and screen is 10 cm?

3. In-three slit electron interference experiment; the probability amplitude the electron
starts from the source (S) to reach an arbitrary detector (D) is as follows:
1−i
⟨D|1⟩⟨1|S⟩ =
5
i
⟨D|2⟩⟨2|S⟩ =
5
−2 + i
⟨D|3⟩⟨3|S⟩ =
5
Calculate the probability that electron reaching at detector (D) for following two cases:
a) the path of the particles is not determined, b) the path of each particle is determined.
Justify the use of the selected law of combining amplitudes.
4. In a quantum circuit, a single-qubit logic gate is to be used for performing the bit-flip
operation. If you are provided with the Pauli sigma-x and the Hadamard gates, which
one would you select for the desired operation and which one you wouldn’t? Justify
your selection. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_logic_gate)
5. In a quantum circuit, a single-qubit logic gate is to be used for performing the 𝝅𝒄 —
phase-flip operation. If you are provided with the Pauli sigma-z and the Hadamard
gates, which one would you select for the desired operation and which one you
wouldn’t? Justify your selection. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_logic_gate)
6. In a quantum circuit, a single-qubit logic gate is to be used for creating the “symmetric”
and the “anti-symmetric” superpositions of the binary qubits with real non-zero
probability amplitudes. If you are provided with the Pauli sigma-z and the Hadamard
gates, which one would you select for the desired operation and which one you
wouldn’t? Justify your selection.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_logic_gate)
7. In a quantum circuit, a single-qubit logic gate is to be used for creating the
superpositions of the binary qubits with complex non-zero probability amplitudes. If
you are provided with the NOT and the square-root-NOT (√𝑵𝑶𝑻 ) gates, which one
would you select for the desired operation and which one you wouldn’t? Justify your
selection. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_logic_gate)
8. A quantum optical experimental set-up involves 3 sets of base-states: 1) the lab-
frame 𝐋{|𝑥〉, |𝑦〉}; 2) the polarizer P1{|𝑥 ′ 〉, |𝑦 ′ 〉} rotated by an angle 𝜃1 w.r.t. the lab-
frame; 3) the polarizer P2{|𝑥 ′′ 〉, |𝑦 ′′ 〉} rotated by an angle 𝜃2 w.r.t. the lab-frame. If
unpolarized light is incident on P1 and 𝜃2 is set to 80˚, justify the allowed values of 𝜃1
that would ensure a 25 % probability of transmission of the |𝑥 ′ 〉 − polarized component
through polarizer P2. (Ans. 20˚ and 140˚)

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