ALCOHOL

● Alcohol is a nervous system depressant that is majorly used as a beverage.

● It is composed of ethyl alcohol or ethanol.
● It is produced by the fermentation of yeast.
● Alcohol can also be formed by distillation (Beer, whiskey) whereas, alcohols form
without distillation are (Rum,vodaka)

⮚ COMMON STREET NAMES FOR ALCOHOL

● Draft
● Suds
● Liquid bread
● Hard stuff
● Sauce
● Hooch
● Moonshine
● Vino
● Oat soda
● Tummy buster
● Liquid courage
● Redneck wine
● 12-ounce curls
● Juice

⮚ PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ALCOHOL

● Alcohols are colorless liquid at room temperature

● They are flammable and produce a blue flame
● They don’t produce any smoke while burning.
● They are generally liquid at room temperature
● They are acidic in nature

⮚ CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ALCOHOL

● Alcohols produce aldehydes and ketones on oxidation
● Alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid in presence of a catalyst
and forms ester.
● Alcohol can be dehydrated in an acidic medium
● It react with metal and forms alkoxide.
 ⮚ CLASSFICATION OF ALCOHOL
We can classify alcohols into three types: primary alcohol, secondary alcohol, and tertiary
alcohol.
Primary alcohols: The alcohols where the carbon atom of the hydroxyl group (OH) is
attached to only one single alkyl group. For examples - Methanol, ethanol, etc.
Secondary alcohols: These are those where the carbon atom of the hydroxyl group is
attached to two alkyl groups on either side. For examples – 2- propanol
Tertiary alcohols: These are the alcohol in which hydroxyl group attached to the carbon
atom, which is connected to 3- alkyl groups. For examples – tert-butyl alcohol.

⮚ ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION

Ethanol administration can be either through an IV line, a nasogastric tube, or orally. The IV
ethanol infusion is always preferable to other routes. A plasma concentration of methanol
exceeding 20 mg/dL is a reference for starting ethanol therapy. Different means of
administrations shows different effects in different span of time
 ⮚ EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL : Alcohol give the following effects ,
sometime its higher dosage can causes death specially by consuming
METHANOL
o sense of euphoria
o changes in mood
o lowered inhibitions
o impulsive behaviour
o slowed speech
o sense of euphoria
o changes in mood
o lowered inhibitions
o impulsive behavior

REFRENCES
⮚ Street names and nicknames for alcohol (2022) Drug Rehab Options. Available at:
https://rehabs.com/blog/street-names-and-nicknames-for-alcohol/ (Accessed:
February 27, 2023).
⮚ Liu, R., Guo, X., Park, Y., Wang, J., Huang, X., Hollenbeck, A., ... & Chen, H. (2013). Alcohol
consumption, types of alcohol, and Parkinson’s disease. PLoS One, 8(6), e6645

⮚ Joseph, J., Basu, D., Dandapani, M., & Krishnan, N. (2014). Are nurse‐conducted brief
interventions (NCBI s) efficacious for hazardous or harmful alcohol use? A systematic
review. International nursing review, 61(2), 203-210.