COURTESY = ALI HANIF (ASMC)

Nutrient Agar
 St.aureus=  golden yellow colonies
pseudomonas= Green Colonies (fruity odour)
Proteus= Pale with fish smell (swarming effect,phenylalanine deaminase,urease,weil felix
test,struvite(MgAlPO4 stones)
Blood Agar
 Complete Hemolysis:  B hemolytic= St.Pyogens, St.Aureus  

Incomplete (aLpha) Hemolysis = Viridans & St.Pneumonie

No hemolysis = Str.intermedius & aginosus
Chocolate Agar:
Neisrria Meningitidis
Hemophilus influenza (with factor 10 & 5)
St.Pneumonie 
MacConkey LActose Forming(pink):  E.coli/Klesela/enterobacter
Non Lactose Forming (colourless): Salmonella/Shigela/Proteus/Pseudomonas
slow Lactose fermenter: Vibro cholera 
EMB(eosin-methlene-blue) Agar:
Green sheen= E.COLI
Lowernstein-Jensen Medium:
Mycobacterium Tuberclosis 
Loffler's Medium:
Cornybacteium Diphtheria  
Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) Medium:
Difentiate Salmonela and Shigella
 (proteus produce H2S –blacken butt of TSI,diff them from morgenella & providencia,
acid slant & butt without H2S=VIBRIO CHOLERA)
Cold AGlutinin test:
Mycoplasma (1:128 or higher)
Iron Cysteine (Charcoal Yeast Agar)
Legionella
 Bordet-gengou medium
Bordetella pertusis
Thayer Martin Medium:Neiseria Gonorhea 
Iron Cysteine (Charcoal Yeast Agar) for Legionella
TCBS/TTG agar for vibrio cholera
only cysteine den Fransicella

INDOLE (PROTEUS MIRABILIS IS NEG,OTHERS +)

ENTEROBACTERECIAE:
 
 VIBRIO CHOLERA :
 rice watery stools
 Motility darting shooting star
 TCBS agar
 comma curved shape rods
 oxidase positive
 monotrichous flaggela ( single polar flagellum )
more in those having gastrectomy
 
E COLI:
lactose fermenter glossy pink colonies
traveller non bloody watery diarrhea
indole positive
atrichous no flagella
major cause of meningitis in less than 2 year child
On EMB agar green sheen
Heat labile stable toxin
TO DISTINGUISH IT FROM OTHER LF G – RODS
ILAMS: INDOLE +,LYSINE IS DECARBOXYLATED,ACETATE USED,MOTILE,SORBITOL NOT
FERMENTED BY ECOLI 0157:H7
 
 
SHIGELLA :
Shigellosis
Bacillary dysentery.
Shiga toxin(also prod by E.coli 0157:H7)
shallow ulcers
NLF,tsi: acid butt,alkaline slant,,,slide agglutination,
Neutrophil present in methylene blue stain of fecal sample
 
 
SALMONELLA:
 rose spots on abdomen.(thypoid-rare)
 High grade fever
 Widal test.
 Typhidot test
 H2S and gas produced
Osteomylitis in a child with sickle cell anemia= septicemia
Vascular graft infection
Urease -,TSI,slide agglutination,typhidot test ,NLF

Diff bw salmonella & shigella

Salmonella Shigella
H2S Yes No
Gas prod on glu fermentation Yes No
Motile Yes No
Blood entry Yes no
TSI Alkaline slant,acid butt(black) Alkaline slant,acid butt(without
with H2S +gas) H2S + gas)

 
PSEUDOMONAS AURIGNOSA:
cystic fibrosis .
ecthyma gangrenosum.
Pigments pycocyanin pycoverdin.
 Oxidase+,gram -, NLF
PROTEUS:
swarming
urease positive
 
KLEBSIELLA:
current jelly sputum (thick bloody sputum)
urease positive
 
HELICOBACTER:
malt lymphoma ( MALTS) & gastric Ca
Urease positive
 
COMPYLO BACTER:
 guillain barre syndrome
 Microaerophilic
 Urease negative
c.jejuni grows well at 42C,c.intestalis does not
 
GRAM POSITIVE RODS :
 
FOR SEQS ( clostrodium tetani & perferinges & coryneabacterium diphteria )
 
CLOSTRODIUM TETANI:
 Anerobic
 spore forming.
 Tetanus toxin block inhibitory neurotransmitter.
 Spastic paralysis
 Opistothonus
Trismus
Risus sardonicus
 terminal spore tennis recket
 Robertson cooked meat media blackeninig of meat occur due to  proteinase
production( proteolytic reaction )
 
CLOSTRODIUM PERFIRENGES:double zone of hemolysis on blood agar
 gas gangrene
 alpha lecithinase toxin
 egg yolk agar
 Robertson cooked meat media redening of meat occur due to  sacchrolytic reaction CHO
fermentation
 
CORYNEABACTERIUM DIPHTHERIA:
club shaped rods.
V and L form beaded  appearance.
aerobic non spore forming.
Grey whitish psudomembrane on nasophraynx.
Metachromatically stain
Inhibit elongation factor
Loeffler medium
Blood tellurite plate
 
CLOSTRODIUM DIFFICILE :
 pseudomembrane colitis
 
LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENS:
tumbling movements(V and L form beaded  appearance like corynebacteria)
cold enhancement
 
CLOSTRIDIUM BOLUTINUM:
canned food.
 Flaccid paralysis.
 Factilitiate action of acetylcholine
 mouse protection test
 
BACILLUS ANTRANCIS:non-motile
Hemorrhagic mediastinitis
capsule D- glutame.
Toxin edema factor adenylate cyclase
Box car like gram positive rods.
Wool sotters disease(pulm anthrax)
Malignant pustule (cut.lesion)
 
BACILLUS CEREUS: reheated fried rice
GRAM NEGATIVE RODS:
 
HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZA:
coccobacilliary
two factors heme factor 10 . NAD factor 5.
cherry red epiglottis
Fielde digest
choclate agar
 
MYCOBACTERIA:
 
 Lj medium.
 Acid fast bacilli.
 Tuberculin skin test.
 Mycodot.
 Tween hydrolysis.
 Niacin positive
 
STDS:
 
SEQS ( trapenoma pallidum neisseria gonorrhea meningitis )
 
TRAPENOMA PALLIDUM
primary syphilis: painless hard chancroid
secondary syphilis: condylomata lata maculopapular rash
tertiary syphilis: gummas formation
latent syphilis: asymptomatic
 dark field microscopy
Non specific test STS ( syphilis reagenic test )
 
NEISSERIA GONORRHEA:
Kidney shapred gram negative doplococci
Ophthalmic neonatrum ( treatment 1% silver nitrate & 0.5% erythromycin )
Thayer martin agar
 
NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS:
Meningitis
Meningiococcemia
Water house fredrichen syndrome
 
HAEMOPHILUS DUCREYI:
painful soft chancre
 
CHLYMDIA TRICHOMATIS:
More than 15 immunotype
A-C→trachomatis
D-K→genital lesion
L1-L3 lymphogranuloma venereum
REITER SYNDROME ( Non gonococcal urtehritis. Arthritis. Uveits)
Elementary bodies reticular bodies.
Infectios ER body
Cytoplsmic inclusin with glycogen
ER body reddish mauve or dote
RB bluish mauve
 
GRAM POSITIVE COCCI
 
Staphlycocci and streptococcus are differentiated by catalse
Staph aures and staph epidermis differentiated by coagulase
All strept are catalase negative
All staph catalase positive
FOR SEQS ( staphylococcus aures & strept pyogenes & pneumoniae )
 
STAPHLYCOCCUS:
Gram positive cocci in cluster
Scalded sin syndrome kawaskai syndrome carbuncle fruncle toxic shock syndrome
Hospital acquired pneumonia
Nutrient agar goden yellow colonies
Mannitol yellow salt solution
 
STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENS:
 
Pharnagitis scarlet fever strawberry tongue erythrogenic toxin ersyplas cellulitis impetigo
honey crusted lesions.
Virulane factore M protein
Beta hemolysi bactericin sensative
 
STREPTOCOCCUS AGALACTIAE :
 
Meningits in chdren less than 2 years
 BETA hemolytic
Virulence factor carbohydrates
CAMP test
Bacitricin resistance
 
STREPTOCOCCUS VIRIDANS:
Major cause of endocarditis
Alpha hemolysis
Not bile soluble
Not inhibited by optochin
 
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE:
Gram positive diplococci
Lancet shaped
Capsule Quelling reaction
Alpha hemolytic inhibited by optochin
 
BACTERIA CAUSING MENINGITIDIS:
 
1. Nisseria meningitidis
2. haemophilus influenza
3. strept pnemoniae
4. E. Coli
5. Streptococcus agalacticiae
 
LESS THAN 2 YEARS:

1. Streptococcus agalacticiae
2. E.coli

 
                  BEST OF LUCK :)
                  "If All Is Well, that Ends Well"