CHAPTER 6 : DATA DESCRIPTION MATHSTAR

DATA DESCRIPTION FORMULAE

GROUPED DATA UNGROUPED DATA

Percentile Percentile
 k    x( s ) + x( s +1)
  100  n − Fk −1   , if s 
Pk = Lk +     c. Pk =  2
 fk 
x , if s 
 ( s )
 

Mode n k
where s = and [ s ] = the least integer greater
 d1  100
M = LM +   c.
+
 1 2
d d than s.

Mean Mean
n

fx
n
i i x i
x= i =1
n x= i =1

f
i =1
i
n

Variance
Variance 2
n
1 n 
 fi xi 2 − (  fi xi )
1
n
2
 xi −
n   xi 
2

 i =1 
s2 = s 2 = i =1
n −1 n −1

Pearson’s Coefficient of Skewness:

3(mean − median) mean − mode

sk = or sk =
standard deviation standard deviation

NORMALLY
DISTRIBUTED

HIGHLY MODERATELY SLIGHTLY MODERATELY HIGHLY

NEGATIVELY ALMOST SLIGHTLY
NEGATIVELY NEGATIVELY POSITIVELY POSITIVELY
SKEWED SYMMETRICAL POSITIVELY
SKEWED SKEWED SKEWED SKEWED
SKEWED

−1 −0.5 − 0.1 0 0.1 0.5 1

SM025 Session 2022/2023

 CHAPTER 6 : DATA DESCRIPTION MATHSTAR

NO QUESTIONS ANSWERS

1. The following sample data shows the number of books sold by a

Mean = 70.38
shop per week for 8 weeks.
Median = 73.5
82, 65, 90, 52, 88, 90, 45, 51 Mode = 90
Skewed to the left
Find the mean, median and mode. Hence describe the shape of the
distribution of the data.

Mean = 55.95
2. The data below shows the weight of 20 women in kilograms. Median = 51.5
Mode = 43, 45, 48
68 42 71 63 52 34 38 45 81 43
43 48 53 72 51 83 45 77 48 62 Q1 = 44 Q3 = 69.5
IQR = 25.5
(a) Find
Var = 224.5763 s.d = 14.986
i. Mean
ii. median. Stem Leaf
iii. mode
iv. first quartile, third quartile and inter-quartile range. 3 4 8
v. variance and standard deviation. 4 2 3 3 5 5 8 8
(b) Draw a stem-and-leaf diagram for the data above. 5 1 2 3
6 2 3 8
(c) Construct the box and whisker plot and comment on the data 7 1 2 7
distribution. 8 1 3
Key : 3│4 means 34
Skewed to the right

3. Consider a sample consisting of the following observations:

P25 = 3

1, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 8 P50 = 5.5
P75 = 7
(a) Find the median, the first quartile and the third quartile.
(b) Find P25, P50 and P75

The time taken (in minutes) by 12 students to run 1000 meters are
4. shown below: Mean = 7.083
5, 8, 7, 6, 10, 9, 5, 6, 5, 6, 10, 8
Median = 6.5

Find the percentage of students whose time lie between the median 8.33%
time and the mean time.

SM025 Session 2022/2023

 CHAPTER 6 : DATA DESCRIPTION MATHSTAR

The marks for 200 matriculation students in second semester

5.
examination are given below.

Marks Number of students

0 < x ≤10 12
10 < x ≤ 20 18
Mean = 45.75
20 < x ≤ 30 17
Median = 46
30 < x ≤ 40 44
40 < x ≤ 50 15 Mode = 34.821
50 < x ≤ 60 33 Q1 = 30.682 , Q3 = 62.973
60 < x ≤ 70 37 IQ = 32.291
70 < x ≤ 80 12 P65 = 57.273
80 < x ≤ 90 8
s 2 = 493.4045
90 < x ≤100 4
SD = 22.213
(a) For the above data, determine the
i. mean, Sk = − 0.034
ii. median The distribution is Almost
iii. mode Symmetrical.
iv. first quartile, third quartile and inter-quartile range
v. 65th percentile Or
vi. variance and standard deviation.
Sk = 0.4920
(b) By calculating Pearson’s coefficient of skewness, state the type The distribution is slightly
of distribution for the above data. positively skewed

The following cumulative frequency table shows the height of 100

6.
plant sprouts after 3 days. (a) mean = 3.65, median =
3.606, mode = 3.579,
Height (cm) Cumulative frequency
<1 0 standard deviation = 1.218
<2 8 (b) Sk = 0.0986 or 0.0575
<3 30
<4 63
<5 88
<6 97 The distribution is almost
<7 99 symmetrical.
<8 100

Find
(a) mean, median,mode and standard deviation of the data.
(b) Pearson’s coeffiecient of skewness and state the type of
distribution for the data.

SM025 Session 2022/2023