Vision organize, and mobilize them for

San Pedro College, a Dominican national defense preparedness.

learning community, living and
2. Literacy Training Service (LTS), is
spreading the love of the
designed to train the students to
compassionate Jesus, Healer and
teach literacy and numeracy skills to
Teacher, uphold its core values
school children, out-of-school youth
serving the poor and disadvantaged,
and other segments of society in
the Filipinos and the world.
need of their services.
Mission To provide a nurturing
3. Civic Welfare Training Service
environment beneficial in the total
(CWTS), refers to the activities
formation of person.
contributory to the general welfare
Core Values and the betterment of life for the
members of the community or the
 Truth and Wisdom
enhancement of its facilities to
 Quality and Excellence
improving health, education,
 Respect and Uniqueness of
environment, entrepreneurship,
Persons
safety, recreation and moral of the
 Family Spirit and Sense of
citizenry and other social welfare
Caring
services.
 Social Responsibility
NSTP-CWTS Goal
National Service Training Program
(Republic Act 9163) To develop in the youth the values of
patriotism and national pride,
The NSTP Law as embodied in RA
discipline and hard work, integrity
9163 is a program aimed at
and accountability for nation
enhancing civic consciousness and
building, and volunteerism as
defense preparedness in the youth
valuable and effective members of
by developing the ethics of service
the National Service Reserve Corps
and patriotism while undergoing
(NSRC). -(Villasoto et al., 2013)
training in any of its three program
components specifically designated Who shall Take NSTP?
to enhance the Youth's active
All students enrolled in any
contribution to general welfare.
baccalaureate and in at least two (2)
Program Components of NSTP technical-vocational or associate
courses, are required to complete
1. Reserve Officer Training Corps
one (1) NSTP component of their
(ROTC), is designed to provide
choice as a graduation requirement.
military training to tertiary level
students in order to motivate, train, How will the NSTP be taken up?
Each of the NSTP components shall For Midterm Grading Period:
be undertaken for an academic
Class Participation
period of two (2) semesters (NSTP 11
and 12) and credited for three (3) (quizzes, recitation, group outputs
units per semester with 54 to 90 and reflections) = 50%
training hours per semester.
Midterm examination = 50%
As charged from the tuition
For Final Grading Period:
PHP 813.32 / unit X 1.5 unit = 1, 219.98
Class Participation
What will become of the NSTP
(quizzes, recitation, group outputs
graduates?
and reflections) 50%
Graduates of non-ROTC shall belong
Project Proposal 50%
to the National Service Reserve
Corps (NSRC) while the ROTC NSTP Reference Book:
graduates shall form part of the AFP
CWTS-LTS
Citizen Armed Force.
What lead agencies will monitor the
implementation of the NSTP? Required Topics to Cover
For CWTS and LTS a) San Pedro College -
Community Engagement and
The CHED Regional offices, TESDA
Extension Services
Provincial and District offices.
b) NSTP law and other related
For ROTC laws
c) Citizenship
The Department of National Defense
d) Disaster Risk Reduction and
- Armed Forces of the Philippnes
Management
(DND - AFP) shall oversee the
e) Gender and Development
component implementation.
f) Health, Safety and Security
Requirements g) Substance Abuse
h) HIV - AIDS Symposium
 Quizzes
i) Project Proposal
 Recitation
 Group Outputs
 Individual Reflectins
 Midterm Exam
 Project Proposal (as Final
Requirement for NSTP 1)
Grading System
Community Engagement and - Serving the poor and
Extension Services disadvantaged, the Filipinos in
CES DEFINITION the World.
- CMO 52, Series of 2016 Tripod of Learning for Higher
o Systematic transfer of Education Institution (HEI)
technology innovation, - Instruction
or innovation generated - Research
by HEIs and its partners - Scholarships
to seek solutions to Community Engagement and
specific developmental Extension Services (CEES)
concerns. VISON:
Having improper implementation of SPC responding to the call of
CEES, it will remain: compassionate service through
- Dole -out sustainable community
- Demand-driven development programs.
- Accreditation-driven
- Requirement-driven MISSION:
Community Engagement for Better We, the administrator and staff
Future of CES commit to:
Challenges of the 21st Century - Organize institutionalize
- Accelerating Pace of Change community extension
due to Digital Age programs and projects.
- ASEAN integration - Coordinate with the different
- Global economic crisis department in planning,
- Global competition due to implementation and
GLOBALIZATION evaluation of CES program.
- 4th Industrial Revolution - To enhance the spirit of
Change is inevitable. Progress is volunteerism among the SPC
optional. community.
Core Programs of CEES
Technology Takeover - Community Development
- Will lead to Disconnect - National Service Training
Goal for student in NSTP Program
- Compassionate - Community School
- Proactive Organizational Structure
- Servant - Community Development
SPC Vision o Faculty
- Living and spreading the love o Organization
of the compassionate Jesus o Members
- Upholds its core values
 - National Service Training - Knowledge Generation
Program - Knowledge Transfer
o Faculty - Knowledge Exchange
o NSRC - Knowledge Assimilation
o Students - RESULT: CHANGE IN SOCIETY
- Community School
o Faculty
o CSSC Health Programs
o Students - Medical & Dental Missions
Core of CEES Community - Operation Tuli
Development Programs - Feeding Program
- Health (Undernourished pupils of
- Environment public schools)
- Literacy Environmental Program
- People empowerment - A program advocating the
o Anchored to Ambisyon protection preservation and
2040 rehabilitation of critical
 All sectors of environment areas (watershed,
society, whether riverbanks, and coastal areas).
public or private, - Example: Tree planting, Tree
should direct their Tagging, etc.
efforts towards Literacy Programs
creating - Alternative Learning System
opportunities for (ALS)
Filipinos to enjoy - Basic Literacy Program (Adults)
to enjoy - Accreditation and
a matatag, Equivalency (OSY)
maginhawa at People Empowerment Program
panatag na A. Disaster Readiness and
buhay. Management (DReAM)
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT Program
FRAMEWORK a. Basic First Aid Training
1. Level 1 – Community Profiling B. Community-based Health
2. Level 2 - Consultation Education Seminar and
3. Level 3 – Planning Together Training (CHEST) Program
4. Level 4 – Implementation a. Basic Health Training
5. Level 5 – Empowered C. LGU Integrated Participatory
Community/ Transformed Development (LIPAD) Program
Individual a. Basic Parenting Seminar
Performing Community Engagement b. Para Liturgical Services
 c. Legal Consultation RA 9418 Section 2 Declaration of
D. Capability Building and Life- Policy
skills Enhancement (CABLE)
 It shall be the policy of the
Program
State to promote the
a. Livelihood Skills Training
participation of the various
b. Coaching and
sectors of the Filipino Society,
mentoring of organize
and as necessary,
POS
international and foreign
Community School
volunteer organizations in
- Offers TESDA Accredited
public and civic affairs,
Program on Health Care
 Adopt and strengthen the
Service NCII
practice of volunteerism as a
SPC Response to FLASHFLOOD and
strategy in order to attain
other calamities
national development and
- Relief Operation
international understanding.
- Medical Services
 The inculcation of volunteerism
- First Aid and Emergency Care
as a way of life shall rekindle in
every Filipino the time-honored
VOLUNTEERISM the “Love Serves tradition of bayanihan to
“Way foster social justice, solidarity
and sustainable development.
Life’s challenging questions
With what you know, what do you
do? RA 9418 Section 3 Statement of
Goals and Objectives
With what you have, how much do
you share? (c) To provide an effective
institutional mechanism to
Graduates of NSTP
strengthen the role of the Philippine
Graduates of ROTC Component RA National Volunteer Service
7077 Coordinating Agency (PNVSCA) to
perform its mandates and to oversee
“Citizen Armed Force or Armed
the implementation of this Act.
Forces of the Philippines Reservist
Act.” RA 9418 Section 4
Graduates of LTS & CWTS  (a) “Volunteerism” refers to an
Components RA 9418 act involving a wide range of
activities… that provides an
“Volunteer Act 2007”
enabling and empowering
environment both on the part
 of the beneficiary receiving Volunteerin  CEES
and the volunteer rendering g activities
the act, undertaken for  Communit
reasons arising from… y and
commitment or conviction for environme
the attainment of the public ntal
activities
good and where monetary
and other incentives or reward
are not the primary motivating MAGINHAWA (Filipinos
factors. are comfortable)
 AmBisyon Natin 2040
Focus Projects and
o All sectors of society,
Initiatives
whether public or
Free from  Livelihood
private, should direct
hunger projects
their efforts towards and  Online
creating opportunities poverty Entrepreneur
for Filipinos to enjoy a ship
matatag, maginhawa Secure  Housing
at panatag na buhay. home projects
ownership  Innovation in
MATATAG (Filipinos are alternative
strongly rooted) energy and
water
Focus Projects and sources
Initiatives Good  Support to
Family is  Communit transport farmers and
together y facilities community
Immersion cooperation
 Adopt a Travel  Benchmarking
Family and with partner
Time with  Social vacation communities
Friends Media  Lakbay Aral
Advocacy initiatives
Work-life  Happy life
balance advocacie
s PANATAG (Filipinos are
 Balance secure)
life
Focus Projects and
challenge
Initiatives
Enough  Financial
resources for Literacy
day-to-day  Providing
 needs, access to 15. Life on land
unexpected savings 16. Peace and justice strong institutions
expenses and 17. Partnerships for the goals
savings
Peace and  Peace
Security initiatives RA 9418 Section 5 Role of Modalities
through
of Volunteerism in the Private Sector
forums and
dialogues (a) Volunteerism in the academe
Long and  Health includes, but is not limited, provision
healthy life promotion of technical assistance and sharing
projects of technology within the academic
 Access to circle, target communities and other
healthcare clienteles and the upgrading of the
Comfortable  Alternative
quality of education and curriculum
retirement source of
methodologies while providing
livelihood
 Investment career enhancement and exposure
Literacy to the volunteers.
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT VS.
VOLUNTEERISM

The Global Goals for Sustainable

Development Community Engagement
1. No poverty  Institutional/Departmental
2. Zero hunger  Mandate
3. Good health and Well-being  Short term
4. Quality education  Output to Outcome
5. Gender equality  Top-Down
6. Clean water and sanitation  Job
7. Affordable and clean energy  Transactional (mostly)
8. Decent work and economic Volunteerism
growth
9. Industry, innovation and  Organizational
infrastracture  Compassion-driven
10. Reduced inequalities  Long term
11. Sustainable cities and communities  Bottom-up
12. Responsible consumption and  Outcome to impact
production  Passion
13. Climate action  Transformational
14. Life below water
Common of Community
Engagement and Volunteerism
 Participatory
 IPO-oriented
 Sense of Fulfillment
 Empowerment
 Development
BE AN INSPIRATION, VOLUNTEER
SPC Student Volunteerism Program
 San Pedro College
o Volunteer Service
Provider MMVIII
o National Service Reserve
Corps
 BE ONE OF US. BE NSRC.
One of the projects of the NSRC –
Adopt a Philippine Eagle (first and
only school in the Philippines)
Former President – Sr. Annabelle A.
Rona
NSRC Adviser - Renmark Z. Mortalla
Extensive Director- Dennis I. Salvador
Anna Mae Sumaya
Name of the eagle – Dyamante or
Diamante
2016 during Diamond Jubilee
Advocacies and Symposium
 Fun run for a cause
 Movie blocked Screening
 Help the promotion of the
Philippine Eagle
 Caravans - October
 Movie Block screening –
Maleficient: Mistress of Evil;
Pikachu - @cinemas reserved
 Donations for the
maintenance of the eagle
 October 1 – anniversary of the
SPC -
Philippine Carbon Forest Project -one
of the projects – three hectares to fill
Black – NSRC
Grey – NSTP
Almost 1,800 students – three
thousand trees planted
Volunteer Service Provider – another
voulteer arm of the college
 SELFY – ongoing; Sexuality
Education with the Love for the
Youth partnered with public
high schools particularly 2nd
year students; tackle teenage
pregnancy; 13 – 19 years old
 REFLUSH – oldest; Rekindle the
Enthusiasm for Love of Ultimate
Sanitation in Hygiene – project
in adopted area of SPC in
Marilog, there was an
outbreak of diarrhea; create a
water shield CR for the
Matigsalog tribe
 DOMES – Developing Ocean
Manmade Eco-friendly
Shelters; adopted area in
Samal; hollow structure of
dead corral return to the sea
in the form of the dome;
distracted from Muro-ami type
of fishing – fish are usually
 drawn out from corral and so, but of what others have become
corrals are being destroyed; because of YOU.”
replenish the corrals with the
SPCian: Maka-Dios, Maka-tao,
form of dome
Makakalikasan, Makabansa
AWARDS (National Service Training Program
San Pedro College)
1. Because of those projects, SPC
or the VSP has been awarded LECTURER: Belindo Aguilar (Director
by the NEDA (National of SPC Spirituality and Formation
Economic Development Center)
Authority) and PNVSCA
What is the relationship between
(Philippine National Volunteer
being a SPCian and being Maka-
Coordinating Agency) with
Dios, Maka-tao, Makakalikasan,
the most outstanding
Makabansa?
Volunteer Organization (Non-
Profit Category) – SPC were Can a SPCian be a person who is
nominated by a Kagawad in Maka-Dios, Maka-tao,
Buhangin Makakalikasan, Makabansa?
2. VSP was awarded the TAYO
2 realities presented
award (Ten Accomplished
Youth Organization) in 1. Reality of being a Filipino who
Malacanang Palace – from is expected to live with these
the National Youth values
Commission 2. SPCian, a student member of
3. International Volunteers the SPC
Award – Malaysia
Appreciating our roots: Embracing
Cash Prize – 3,000 dollars our citizenship
APUCEN – Asia Pacific University - Cannot be here without your
Community Engagement families
Network – SPC is one the board - There are other families
member; international around you.
organization with their banner is - In fact, there is a community
volunteerism around you.
- Still if we expand our
- Part of our conviction as Love
consciousness, it is not
serves
community that is only around.
“You become worthy not for who - There are other communities
you are, not even for what you have, living in other communities in
 different islands, Luzon, Visayas,
Mindanao
- In fact, we belong to a nation
with diverse people … Filipino
nation having own history,
culture
You are a Filipino! Pinoy ka!
Pilipinas kong Mahal
Ang bayan ko’y tanging ikaw
Pilipinas kong mahal
Ang puso ko at buhay man
Sa iyo’y ibibigay
Tungkulin ko’y gagampanan
Na lagi kang paglingkuran
Ang laya mo’y babantayan
Pilipinas kong hirang
Bayan sa silanga’y hiyas
Pilipinas kong mahal
Kami’y iyo hanggang wakas
Pilipinas kong mahal
Mga ninuno naming lahat
Sa iyo’y naglingkod ng tapat
Ligaya mo’y aming hangad
Pilipinas kong mahal
- The video shows the richness
and beauty of the nations
A NATION WE CAN BE PROUD OF
 109,589,078 people at mid by
mid 2020 according to UN
data
 People with colorful history of
valiant struggle from
oppression and subjugation to
liberty and independence –
more than 300 years we free
ourselves from the Spaniards,
Americans came in, Japanese
came, world war II, Edsa
revolution in 1985
 The only Christian country in
Asia
 Diverse culture, language and
dialects, ethnicities, music,
cuisine,
 Creative and innovative
workforce roughly 2.2 million
scattered all over the world
(2019)
Gifted with natural resources more
than enough to support its people
 The Philippines’ primary source
of livelihood is its fertile land.
 The Philippines also boasts of
wide tracts of lush, green
forests
 Except for petroleum and a
number of metals, mineral
resources abound in Philippine
soil.
 Territorial waters measuring as
much as 1.67 million square
kilometers and located in the
world fishing center
National Commission on Culture and
Arts : A Study on Filipino Values
What Filipino values were identified
by the research?
After a year of research, 19 common
and shared values were identified.
The values mentioned are as follows:
1. Family
2. Education
 3. Faith deeply religious , comes Ang iyong mga anak laging
from who we are patnubayan
4. Health and Wellness Tungo sa paglaya mong ganap oh
5. Basic Needs sinisintang bayan
6. Self
Sa lupang sagana
7. Work and Livelihood
Aba ang karamihan
8. Peace and Development
Kung kaya kasama ng buong
9. Honesty and Integrity
sambayanan
10. Resilience
Sa digmang payapa
11. Life and Purpose
At digmang digmaan
12. Human Rights
Ilulunsad, iluluwal ang maunlad na
13. Environment – recognize the
bayanh may dangal
value of environment, proud
of our rich tourist spots Buhay kong kaisa isa tanging
14. Love for Country kayamanan
15. Happiness Magmula ng makasama ka naging
16. Kapuwa makasaysayan
17. Culture, Arts, and Sciences Ang iyong mga anak laging
18. Governance patnubayan
19. Creative Excellence Tungo sa paglaya mong ganap oh
sinisintang bayan
CORE VALUES
Buhay kong kaisa isa tanging
 Maka-Diyos
kayamanan
 Maka-tao
Magmula ng makasama ka naging
 Makakalikasan
makasaysayan
 Makabansa
Ang iyong mga anak laging
Sinisintang Bayan patnubayan
Tungo sa paglaya mong ganap oh
Gary Granada
sinisintang bayan
Dito ko nahanap ang hanap ko na
buhay
Dito nadalunga ang kabuluha't OUR SITUATION A COUNTRY AND AS
saysay A PEOPLE
Na pinatitining at pinatitibay
 Health Crisis - national and
Dinidilig, pinapanday
global
Buhay kong kaisa isa tanging  Poverty Situation – worsen the
kayamanan poverty because of the
Magmula ng makasama ka naging pandemic, poor is burdened,
makasaysayan
 they are once at risk, Healer and Teacher, upholds its core
vulnerable sector values serving the poor and
 Conflict/War – political war, disadvantaged, the Filipinos and the
NPA, terrorism, suicide world.
bombing, security system of
- Part of faith community
the country is dangerous,
negotiations have failed Mission
 Ecological Devastation –
To provide a nurturing environment
earthquake, mother nature is
beneficial in the total formation of
suffering
persons
 Cultural Alienation/eroding
sense of values – as Philippines - That can make you fully-
has opens globally, our sense developed in God’s image
of values as Filipinos is eroding-
-- listening to music and
adapting to culture of
foreigners rather getting in
The Dominican Way of Life –
touch our own culture---
embedded by St. Dominic
Filipinos have become
consumerist, individualist,  Life of Prayer – Connected
materialist--- globalization and Trust in God recognize
makes us the center of God
everything rather giving  Community Life – Belonging
attention to others. and Growing in a Community
 Split between faith and life – not meant to be alone, grow
less connected in a loving community
 Mission Life – Sharing God’s
So what?
Work and Message of Love
Po-problemahin ko pa ba ang mga  Life of Study – Continuous
iyan? Nag pa enroll na nga ako sa Learning in Pursuit for Truth
SPC para makatapos ng kurso at
SPC Graduates are:
maka work agad…
Persons committed to the Dominican
You are a Filipino!
Ideals, servant-leaders who are
You are a SPCian! humane in attributes, imbued with
strong ethical and moral values with
Vision
a deep sense of nationalism,
San Pedro, a Dominican learning globally competitive, professionally
community, living and spreading the and technically skillful, and engaged
love of the compassionate Jesus, in lifelong learning for personal and
professional development… LOVE - Leah Salongga sings Bayan Ko
SERVES by Freddie Aguilar
- People who needs
compassion
CORE VALUES
1. Truth and Wisdom
DISASTER – bombing, flood, natural
2. Excellence and Quality
calamity (typhoon)
3. Family Spirit and Sense of
Caring WHY DO WE NEED TO TALK ABOUT
4. Respect for the Uniqueness of DISASTER RISK REDUCTION?
Persons
 To prevent, to lessen the
5. Social Responsibility
casualties, and victims
In his encyclical “Laudato Si”,
ELEMENTS OF DISASTER RISK
Pope Francis identifies Mother Earth
as among the poor in our times, a  Hazard
victim of abandonment and  Exposure
maltreatment. And rightly so!  Vulnerability of the community
of a person
The plight of the poor and the
oppressed is inextricably linked to IF THESE THREE ARE PRESENT, THE
Mother Earth. Within the universal RESULT IS DISASTER.
kinship of all creatures, the suffering
HAZARD – a dangerous
of Mother Earth is the suffering of the
phenomenon, substance, human
poor. The suffering of the poor is the
activity or condition that may cause
suffering of Mother Earth.
loss of life, injury or other health
A true SPCian is an authentic Filipino: impacts, property damage, loss of
livelihood and services, social and
Maka-Dios
economic disruption, or
Maka-tao environmental damage.
Makakalikasan EX. There is a stone on top on the
mountain, it may fall down if there is
Makabansa
a rain, an earthquake – hazard area,
there is an object waiting to fall
down.
- Get rooted of who we are
then you can the world and EXPOSURE – the degree to which the
contribute towards its elements at risk are likely to
development.
experience hazard events of
different magnitudes.
EX. In Davao City, we are exposed
to flood. The lowlying areas are
exposed to heavy flood. People on
the area will suffer.
VULNERABILITY – the characteristics
and circumstances of a community,
system or asset that make it
susceptible to the damaging effects
of a hazard.
EX. People on the community will
suffer. Developed cities, squatter
area or people beside the riverbank
are vulnerable. When there is a
heavy rain, water might go to the
squatter area, rather to the
developed area.
Disaster affects the daily lives of the
community – injury. Fire, earthquake and
typhoon
Even though how many disasters
have affected the Filipino people,
they always find ways to cope and
recover thanks to a culture of
resiliency, camaraderie and faith. -
CNN
Philippines is ranked as the 3rd most
disaster-prone country in the world.
 Based on the World Risk Index
2012, the Philippines is third
among 173 countries that is
most vulnerable to disaster risks
and natural hazards (Official
Gazette www.gov.ph)
 Geographical location of our
country; it is part of the Pacific
Ring of Fire resulting to almost
5-7 earthquakes everyday; the
Philippines is also part of the
Pacific Typhoon Belt where we
can expect an average of 20
tropical cyclones in a year
 Our exposure to different types
of natural hazards like flooding,
landslides and severe weather
disturbances like El Nino and
La Nina phenomena
 Poverty also increases the
disaster risk when people
expose themselves to disaster
prone areas and other
human-induced disaster like
fire and conflagrations.
REPUBLIC ACT 10121
The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Act of 2010
 an act strengthening the
Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management
System, Providing for the
National Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management
Framework and
Institutionalizing the National
Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan,
Appropriating Funds and
therefore for other purposes
 It replaces Presidential Decree
1566 which is more focused on
a REACTIVE approach to
Disaster Management
 The new law, RA 10121, which
was signed by Pres.
Macapagal – Arroyo on May
 27, 2010, now focuses on a preparedness for adverse
PROACTIVE approach to events.
Disaster Risk Reduction and o Train yourself earlier so
Management could share it to your
family, neighbor – to
DISASTER RISK
ave knowledge and
 The potential disaster losses in can survive
lives, health status, livelihood,
TYPES OF DISASTERS
assets and services, which
could occur to a particular Natural
community or society over
 Typhoons
some specified future time
 Earthquake
period.
 Floods
o No warning signs
 Landslides
indicated
 Thunderstorms
DISASTER  Drought
 Severe weather disturbances
 A serious disruption of the
normal functioning of a MANMADE
community or a society
 Fire
involving widespread human,
 Accidents
material, environmental or
 Terroristic Acts
economic loss or impact,
 Armed Conflicts
which exceeds the ability of
 Nuclear Accidents
the affected community or
 Social Disorganization
society to cope using its own
 Garbage/ Trash Landslide
resources.
MANMADE DISASTER – is a disaster
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
resulting from human intent,
 The concept and practice of negligence, or error. The results are
reducing disaster risks through usually wide scale destruction, and
systematic efforts to analyze high cost.
and manage the causal
EX. Fire – forget to unplug your
factors of disasters, including
charger when you get out.
through reduced exposures to
Fluctuation of electricity might result
hazards, lessened vulnerability
to fire.
of people and property, wise
management of land and the NATURAL DISASTER – is the effect of a
environment, and improved natural hazard.
(e.g. flood, earthquake, volcanic little, you’ll be
eruption, strong winds, typhoon, burned.
drought, tsunami)
FIRE
EX. Earthquake can be detected
The active principle of burning
when there is ground shaking
characterized by the heat and light
FIRE of combustion (Reference: Republic
Act 9514 – Philippine Building Code)
Fire Safety
FIRE TETRAHEDRON
At work and home
Triangular-shaped composed of
FIRE FACT: A fire department
three components to create fire:
responds to a fire in the United States
every 17.3 seconds.  Air
 Heat
National Fire Statistics
 Fuel
 About 70% of all structure fires
The Fire Triangle
occur in the home.
 About 80% of all dire deaths Fire Safety, at its most basic, is based
occur in the home. upon the principle of keeping fuel
 One fourth of home fires occur sources and ignition sources
between 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 separate.
a.m. yet account for one half
The Fire Triangle
of all home fire deaths.
 Three things must be present
Most Fire Deaths are NOT Burn
at the same time to produce
Victims!
fire:
Ex. NCCC o Enough OXYGEN to
sustain combustion
 Causes of Death in Fires –
o Enough HEAT to reach
Smoke
ignition temperature
o Hydrogen cyanide,
o Some FUEL or
hydrocyanic acid
combustible material
o Carbon monoxide
o Together, they produce
o Other toxic vapors
the CHEMICAL
o Burns
REACTION that is fire
o Trauma (non-burn)
o Take away any of these
 You’ll be
things and the fire will
unconscious after
be extinguished.
the inhalation of
smoke, little-by- FUEL CLASSIFICATIONS
  Fires are classified according
to the type of fuel that is
burning.
 If you use the wrong type of
fire extinguisher on the wrong
class of fire, you might make
matters worse.
 It is very important to
understand the four different
fire (fuel) classifications…
TYPES OF FUEL CLASSIFICATION
Class A: wood, paper, cloth, trash
plastics- solids that are not metals.
Class B: Flammable liquids- gasoline,
oil, grease, acetone. Includes
flammable gases.
Class C: Electrical- energized
electrical equipment. As long as it’s
“plugged in.”
Class D: metals- potassium, sodium,
aluminum, magnesium. Requires
special extinguishing agents.
TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Different types of fire extinguishers
are designed to fight different
classes of fire.
The three most common types of fire
extinguishers are:
1. Water (APW)
2. Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
3. Dry Chemical (ABC, BC, DC)
WATER (APW) Fire Extinguishers
 Large silver fire extinguisher
that stand about 2 feet tall
and weigh about 25 pounds
when full.
 APW stands for “Air-Pressurized
Water”
 Filled with ordinary tap water
and pressurized air, they are
essentially large squirt guns.
 APWs extinguish fire by taking
away the “heat” element of
the Fire Triangle.
 APW are designed for Class A
fires only: wood paper, cloth.
 Using water on a flammable
liquid fire could cause the fire
to spread.
 Using water on an electrical
fire increases the risk of
electrocution. If you have no
choice but no to use an APW
on an electrical fire, make sure
the electrical equipment is
unplugged or de-energized.
CARBON DIOXIDE FIRE
EXTINGUISHERS
 The pressure in a CO2
extinguisher is so great, bits
of dry ice may shoot out of
the horn!
 CO2 are red. They range in
size from 5 lbs to 100 lbs or
larger. On larger sizes, the
horn will be at the end of a
long, flexible hose.
 Carbon dioxide is a non-
flammable gas that takes
away the oxygen element
 of the fire triangle. Without
oxygen, there is no fire.
 CO2 is very cold as it comes
out of the extinguisher, so it
cools the fuel as well.
 CO2s are designed for
Class B and C (Flammable
liquids and electrical
Sources) fires only!
 CO2s will frequently be
found in laboratories,
mechanical rooms,
kitchens, and flammable
liquid storage areas.
 In accordance with NFPA
regulations (and
manufacturers’
recommendations), all CO2
extinguishers must undergo
hydrostatic testing and
recharge every 5 years.
Dry Chemical (ABC) Fire
Extinguishers
 ABC extinguishers are
red. On campus, they
range in size from 5-20
lbs.
 “ABC” fire extinguishers
are filled with a fine,
yellow powder. The
greatest portion of this
powder is composed of
monoammonium
phosphate. The
extinguishers are
pressurized with nitrogen.
 Be sure to the direction
of the air. It should not
be against you.
 Dry chemical
extinguishers put out fire
by coating the fuel with
a thin layer of dust. This
separates the fuel from
the oxygen in the air.
 Yellow powder –
monoammonium
phosphate
 The powder also works
to interrupt the
chemical reaction of fire.
These extinguishers are
very effective at putting
out fire.
 It is extremely important
to identify which type of
dry chemical
extinguishers are
located in your area!
 An “ABC” extinguisher
will have a label like this,
indicating it may be
used on Class A, B and
C fires.
 You don’t want to
mistakenly use “BC”
extinguisher on a Class A
fire thinking that it was
an “ABC” extinguisher.
 Dry chemical
extinguishers with
powder designed for
Class B and C fires (“BC”
extinguishers”) may be
located in places such
as commercial kitchens
 and areas with out, keep an eye on the
flammable liquids. area in case it re-ignites.
 You will typically find  Calm
ABCs in public hallways
RULES FOR FIGHTING FIRES
of new buildings, in
laboratories, break Fires can be very dangerous and
rooms, offices, chemical you should always be certain that
storage areas, you will not endanger yourself or
mechanical rooms, others when attempting to put out a
vehicles, etc. fire.
HOW TO USE FIRE EXTINGUISHER? For this reason, when a fire is
discovered…
It is easy to remember how to use a
fire extinguisher if you remember the 1. Assist any person in immediate
acronym PASS: danger to safety, if it can be
accomplished without risk to
 Pull the pin – this will
yourself.
allow you to discharge
2. Call 911 or activate the
the extinguisher. Be
building fire alarm. The fire
careful not to grip the
alarm will notify the fire
lever.
department and other
 Aim at the base of the
building occupants and shut
fire – hit the fuel. If you
off the air handling system to
aim at the flames…
prevent the spread of smoke.
 The extinguishing
If the fire is small (and only
agent will fly right
after having done these 2
through and do
things), you may attempt to
no good.
use an extinguisher to put it
 Squeeze the top
out. However…
handle – this depresses
a button that releases Before deciding to fight the fire,
the pressurized keep these things in mind:
extinguishing agent.
1. Know what is burning. If you
 Sweep from side to
don’t know what’s burning
side – until the fire is
you won’t know what kind of
completely out. Start
extinguisher to use.
using the extinguisher
2. Even if you have ABC fire
from a safe distance
extinguisher, there may be
away, then slowly move
something in the fire that is
forward. Once the fire is
 going to explode or produce
toxic fumes.
Chances are you will know what’s
burning, or at least have a pretty
good idea, but if you don’t , let the
fire department handle it.
3. Is the fire spreading rapidly
beyond the point where it started?
4. If the fire is already spreading
quickly, it is best to simply pull the fire
alarm and evacuate the building.

What if your clothes catch fire?

1. STOP
- when you are in motion, do not run
or make unnecessary movements
2. DROP
- immediately drop to the ground
and cover your face with your hands
3. ROLL
- roll over and over from left to right
to smother the flames

The final rule is to always position

yourself with an exit or means of
escape at your bck
Always report the use of fire
extinguisher