World Religions LAS Quarter 3 PDF

11
Introduction to World
Religions and Belief System
First Quarter
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION II – CAGAYAN VALLEY
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Learning Activity Sheet

Introduction to World Religions and Belief System
Grade 11
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Table of Contents
Learning Competency Page
Differentiate the concept, elements, and characteristics of 1

belief system, world view, religion, and spirituality
Analyze the interconnectedness of geography, culture and religions 18
Analyze the influence of religion to culture and society 29
Examine the belief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, 40

practices and related issues of Judaism
Examine the belief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, 47

practices and related issues of Christianity
Examine the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, 57

practices, and related issues of Islam
Compare and contrast the uniqueness and similarities of Judaism, 67

Christianity and Islam
Analyze the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, 75

practices, and related issues of Hinduism
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INTRODUCTION TO WORLD
RELIGIONS AND BELIEF SYSTEM
Name: ____________________________ Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________ Date: ________________
THE CONCEPT, ELEMENTS, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF BELIEF SYSTEM,

WORLD VIEW, RELIGION, AND SPIRITUALITY
BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS
Durkheim (1915) shared that religion is a unified system of beliefs and practices
relative to sacred things, set apart and forbidden - beliefs and practices which unite into
one single moral community called a church, all those who adhere to them.
It is expressly stated and organized belief system. It has an external focus and
formal structure. Its goal is ‘salvation’ though one truth and one right way. It is faith
based. People inherit sinfulness. It gives significance to praise and worship. Belief in a
superhuman power outside of you, the creator of the universe. Dictated belief or
conditioned mind. God is inside the Mind.
A worldview is a view of the world, used for living in the world. A world view is
a mental model of reality — a comprehensive framework of ideas & attitudes about the
world, ourselves, and life, a system of beliefs, a system of personally customized
theories about the world and how it works — with answers for a wide range of questions:
What are humans, why we are here, and what is our purpose in life? What are your
goals for life? When you make decisions about using time — it is the stuff life is made
of — what are your values and priorities? The two concepts “philosophy” and
“worldview” are closely related. Talking about "a philosophy" in its broadest sense refers
in fact to a worldview. It is the case for example when we speak about the philosophy
of the Inuit or the Maya. It summarized the relationships between worldview and
philosophy. With the definition which will follow, our position tends towards what he calls
"worldview crowns philosophy", that is, constructing a worldview is the highest
manifestation of philosophy.
Belief System are beliefs that fit together in a system to make sense of the universe
and our place in it. It can be shared, and its ideals are practiced by a group. It is an
ideology or set of principles that helps us to interpret our everyday reality. This could be
in the form of religion, political affiliation, philosophy, or spirituality, among many other
things. These beliefs are shaped and influenced by a number of different factors. Our
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times

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knowledge on a certain topic, the way we were raised, and even peer pressure from
others can help to create and even change our belief systems. The convictions that
come from these systems are a way for us to make sense of the world around us and
to define our role within it.
According to Parikh, Rohit Manilal (2020) spirituality is an inner part of our life for
receiving inner urge & divinity within for living a better & worthy life to make the life for
fruitful action to live in a better mode. For death it is certain for entire human being for
which the time & period is unknown as it is also our final journey for which everyone
must go with an empty hand.
On the other hand, Sheldrake (2005) writing in a very specific context of spirituality
from a Christian perspective says that 'Christian spirituality embodies a conscious
relationship with God, in Jesus Christ, through the dwelling of the Spirit, in the context
of a community of believers'. However, this was not always the way in which spirituality
as a concept was perceived; earlier meanings 'tended to see a distinction between
spiritual and material levels of human existence, between "interiority" or a life of prayer
and an outer everyday public life'. What is clear is that spirituality is closely connected
with religion 'but not exclusively contained by it', to use Ursula King's (2009) words.
It also refers to beliefs about what is good, true, and beautiful. It unites people over
society. It has belief within individuals. It has an internal focus. Its goal is to ‘determine
common pinciples, values, and ethics. It is based on spiritul laws. Heaven is a state
mind. It gives importance on human relationship/deed, peoples inherit goodness,
spiritual and development, autentic self, personal belief or values system, and joyous
living. Belief that the divine is within us. God is inside the heart.
A. BELIEF SYSTEM
1. Concepts
2. Propositions
3. Rules
B. RELIGION
1. Wisdom- scared writings and oral tradition
2. Worship- rituals express the emotional experience to have the right attitude
toward God and others.
3. Works- holiness in action or daily lives, commandments to live by
C. WORLDVIEW
1. View in life, the world, and humanity, is regularly used in religious education.
2. More personal and broader (i.e., secular) interpretation of views on life than
“religion.” (Casanova 2007; Davie 2000).

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D. SPIRITUALITY
1. Natal faith: one is born into a particular faith and inducted into its religious
traditions and institutions.
2. Adolescent separation: questions are asked, and no adequate answers are
given.
3. Secular identification: lost contact with natal faith and or renounced
institutional affiliation.
4. Secular disillusionment: the transition to secular society does not fulfil the
person.
5. Adult secular spirituality: the child then develops his or her own secular spirituality
outside his or her known religious influences which may include church,
synagogue, temple and so on.
CHARACTERISTICS OF BELIEF SYSTEM, WORLDVIEW, RELIGION, AND SPIRITUALITY
CHARACT BELIEF SYSTEM WORLDVIEW RELIGION SPIRITUALITY

ERISTICS
Personal commitment is It can be used for A code, when used Awareness of The
one of most observable religious and secular in a religious sense, Self
and interesting features
of an ideology. If it were views on life. Thus, is simply a
The first characteristic
not for the fact of the concept summary of the of spirituality is a
personal commitment, “religion” is a principles and heightened
belief systems could not subcategory of the guidelines by which awareness of The
have strong social Self. By “self,” I am
consequences, and the concept “worldview.” people choose
not referring to the
study of social systems A religion or a which ACTIONS individual personality,
would not be so religious worldview are good, and the “you” you think
interesting. you are and have
acknowledges which to avoided
grounds for being identified with your
entire life.
that cannot be
known in our
“ordinary”
experiences or
through scientific
research. Secular
worldviews do not
acknowledge such
grounds
(Vroom 2006).
Belief systems have It can refer to a It is a set of A Practice of Peace,

an existence that is more organized as MORAL Joy, and
independent of their
well as PRINCIPLES and Unconditional Love
committed believers .
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The believers do not a personal view on guidelines that As you pursue a
wholly contain the belief life, the world, and must be respected spiritual path, you will
system; in fact, they are inevitably develop a
unlikely to be aware of humanity. By and followed by much greater feeling
more than a small part “organized those who would be of joy, peace, and
of it and, knowingly or worldview” we mean identified as unconditional love for
unknowingly, they must a view on life that members of the yourself and
take the rest of the belief everyone around you.
system on faith. has developed over religion
time into a more or
less coherent and
established system
with certain (written
and unwritten)
sources, traditions,
values, rituals,
ideals, or dogmas.
An organized
worldview has a
group of believers
who adhere to this
particular view on
life (Van der Kooij,
De Ruyter, and
Miedema 2013).
Psychological Existential Refers to ETHICAL Focus on Non-

mechanisms such as questions are a VALUES and the Physical Goals-
cognitive
conceptually system of Moral A spiritually minded
congruence may help
necessary part of Practice directly person recognizes
explain individual
that physical goals
commitment, but they do “worldview”; they resulting from an are never the true aim
not necessarily explain distinguish a adherence to the of any life experience.
the connectedness of a
worldview from beliefs. Instead, their focus
belief system in human
shifts to immaterial
society. other views on life,
goals.
the world, and
humanity such as
the views of political
parties. Existential
questions are
matters of ultimate
concern by which
persons are grasped
and which are taken
with unconditional
seriousness in their
life (Tillich 1965, 7
ff)

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The life span of a belief This is often a
system is potentially difficult element to
longer than the life span
of believers. describe, because
it involves so many
DIVERSE
ELEMENTS
Belief Refers to the way

systems vary almost of worshipping, to
infinitely in substantive
content. the RITUALS, that
are practiced by
followers of the
religion.
The boundaries of a Briefly a creed is a

belief system are “Summary of the
generally, although not
always, undefined. PRINCIPLE beliefs
Collections of beliefs do of a religion
not generally have neat
boundaries.
The elements (concep A Creed is a SET

ts, propositions, rules, OF TRUTHS that
etc.) of belief systems must be accepted
are not consensual. and agreed to by
That is, the elements those who wish to
of one system might belong to the
be quite different from religion, those who
those of a second in choose to be a
the same content follower or disciple.
domain.
Belief systems are in Refers to the

part concerned with THEOLOGICAL
the existence or BELIEFS and
nonexistence of scriptures or HOLY
certain conceptual WRITINGS of
entities. God, religion
motherland, witches,
and assassination
conspiracies are
examples of such
entities.
Belief systems often

include representation

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s of alternative worlds,
typically the world as
it is and the world as it
should be.
Belief systems rely

heavily on evaluative
and affective
components. There
are two aspects-to
this, one ’cognitive’;
“the other
“motivational.”
Belief systems are likely

to include a substantial
amount of episodic
material from either
personal experience or
(for cultural belief
systems) from folklore or
(for political doctrines)
from propaganda.
The content set to be

included in a belief
system is usually
highly “open.” That is,
it is unclear where to
draw a boundary
around the belief
system, excluding as
irrelevant concepts
lying outside
Beliefs can be held

with varying degrees
of certitude.
The believer can be

passionately
committed to a point
of view, or at the other
extreme could regard
a state of affairs as
more probable than
not.

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WHO IS A SPIRITUAL PERSON?
1. Awareness of The Self- one has to become aware of one's body-you will become
aware of your gestures, movements and so on.; watch your thoughts in an aloof manner
as an observer; see the deep-rooted feelings & subtlest emotions.
2. Focus on Non-Physical Goals- a spirtual person have set a non-physical goal, which
will often engage and enhance their own spiritual pursuit. They see material possessions
and physical experiences as a side effect of their more fundamental aim. In other words,
while the physical aims become less important, they do not necessarily disappear.
Instead, it is a matter of priority, and the reason why a person pursues their aims.
3. Integrity- Integrity is the qualitative outcome of the integral being. The integration
happens only if the fragmentation is no more. This is possible only when this mind, which
is the bundle of thoughts, emotions, memory & fears, is transcended. As the
spontaneous outcome of this integrated wholeness, quality called integrity arises.
4. Non-attachment-A spiritual master is fully aware of his body, thoughts, emotions &
ideas but is simply unattached to it.
5. Love- it comes out of such a person like water flows out of a fountain! It is
unconditional and it is available to all.
6. Compassion- is the purest form of love plus meditation. Compassion is neither

the duty nor the psychological love. It's neither sympathy nor empathy.
Compassion is the quality that comes from beyond the thought-mind! A real
compassionate spiritual master is a one who gives without giving. It's a kind of
unconditional sharing! A saint, a criminal and a prostitute, all are equal when it
comes to the sharing of such a master!
7. Innocence- To regain this innocence is the real maturity, the ultimate flowering.
8. Courage- courageous one puts aside all his fears and is ready to jump into the
unknown. When one carries this courage in every situation in life to face the
unknown, it ultimately flowers into the fearlessness.
9. Friendliness- It is a quality. It's a state of being. The awakened one carries this
feeling of friendliness for everyone and everything around. Friendliness is a
quality in which arises the freedom. Freedom is not just opposite of
possessiveness, but it is a dimensionally different phenomenon. It simply allows
everything to happen around the master with love overflowing.
10. Humor- For such a person, life is an everyday picnic! It's a celebration! These
are the people who enjoy life because the hindrance to joy from the thought-mind

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is not there. When the achievement-oriented mind is transcended, the becoming
gets transformed into being.
11. Humility- So also the spiritually evolved person becomes humble & simple.
An awakened one is not the storehouse of the borrowed informative knowledge,
but he remains always in the state of not knowing, which is the humblest state of
being.
12. Acceptance- If everything in existence that life offers is accepted as it is, the
life becomes a celebration unto itself. Unconditional acceptance of all that is there
in the existence is the most virtuous and aesthetic quality of evolved human
consciousness.
13. Maturity: A mature person is a one who always lives in the present moment.
To be in the present moment is to be in the eternal nowness. When ego is no
more, maturity happens. Maturity is the ultimate flowering of Meditation.
WHO IS A RELIGIOUS PERSON?
1. There is usually a greater focus on the externals such as Houses of worship

(e.g., a church), Books of scripture, Eternal rituals, and Observances.
2. They have an affiliated organization which is structured and rule-based that

governs their behaviors. Moral rules, laws, and doctrines, as well as specific
codes and criteria, create the organized structure that contains the religion’s
specific belief system.
3. They conservatively guard their practices and values, holding rigidly to the
past and the original interpretations of the founder’s teachings. This is
understandable in that all religions wish to preserve the essence of their
teachings so they may be accurately transmitted through history.
4. Their belief in something based upon unconditional acceptance of the

religion’s teachings. Religions do not require evidence to validate their claims.
Through religion, you are taught to have faith in God or the scriptures as being
the infallible and ultimate truth of reality.
5. A religious person is committed to following the guidelines set by his or her

religion. He or she observes the rites and practices, such as regularly attending
church services on a Sunday for Christians, observing the Sabbath for Jews, and
fasting during Ramadan for Muslims.

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LEARNING COMPETENCY
Differentiate the concept, elements, and characteristics of belief system, world view,
religion, and spirituality (MELC, Quarter 1, Week 1)
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1 – Match Me

Match the concepts in column A from the descriptions in column B. Write the
letter of your answer on the space provided.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
__ 1. From a Christian perspective, it embodies a A. Belief System
conscious relationship with God. B. Religion
__ 2. It is set of principles that helps us to interpret C. Spirituality
our everyday reality. D. Worldview
__ 3. is a unified system of beliefs and practices re-
lative to sacred things.
__ 4. It a comprehensive framework of ideas &
attitudes about the world, ourselves, and life.
__ 5. It can be created and change through our
knowledge on a certain topic, the way we were
raised, and even peer pressure from others.
__ 6. This can be achieved with the power of prayer
& meditation & with the balance mind we may
establish a feeling of calmness ,& quietness
__ 7. It is the highest manifestation of philosophy.
__ 8. These arebeliefs and practices which unite
into one single moral community called a church

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__ 9. It help us to make sense of the world around us
and to define our role within it.
__ 10. It is closely connected with religion 'but not exclu-
sively contained by it.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2 – Wordpick!

Based on the elements stated above, think of the best word/concept that
describes belief system, religion, worldview, spirituality and explain. Write
your answer on the space provided. The first one is done for you.
AREAS OF WORD/CONCEPT EXPLANATION

CONCERN
1. Belief System Ideology Belief System is an ideology in the

sense that it comprises a system of
thoughts and philosophies which forms
the basis of economic and political
principle and strategy.
2. Religion
3. Worldview
4. Spirituality

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LEARNING ACTIVITY 3 – Find Me!
Locate in the puzzle board the word/concept that is being described in the
hints given below. The direction is also given for you to follow. Write your
answers on the space provided.
O P Q A B C H I J C E F G H I R M N O B
D A B C D H M O P O R W X C R E E D L E
E Y Z H I J K L R M O M G A B L O P M L
F O B E B R I D A M S T U V W I M E N I
G C O C A T T O N I M S E U I G T U O E
H F G H I J K L M T O P Q R S I Q Z P V
I I W T C O P S I M O M N I W O Z S Q E
J R O S O C T R U E M O R E S N I P R R
K U R K D U R O S N O U T E R W E D S T
B E L I E F S Y S T E M E V E T Y X T O
L E D E S O O M A A C S O P E D E E U A
M D V M E B R I T B O A T O M D X X V B
S P I R I T U A L L Y M I N D E D I W C
N E E O S Z A N D S V Y H D P I P S X V
O D W R A E N E S P I R I T U A L I T Y
P U O I M S G N O O E A E S T D E T Z O
Q C M N E T E E V V T R L U Y S R E Y D
R S N S D Y R R E E S T Y T S R T N O E
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T
E X I S T E N T I A L E E S D T Z Q X S

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HINTS: Vertical/Down
_________________________ 1. Without these belief systems could not have strong

social consequences, and the study of social systems would not be so interesting.
_________________________ 2. It can be passionately committed to a point of view,

or at the other extreme could regard a state of affairs as more probable than not.
_________________________ 3. It can refer to a more organized as well as

a personal view on life, the world, and humanity.
_________________________ 4. Refers to the way of worshipping.
_________________________ 5. It is a summary of the principles and guidelines by

which people choose which ACTIONS are good, and which to avoided.
Horizontal/Cross:
_________________________ 1. As you pursue a spiritual path, you will inevitably

develop a much greater feeling of joy, peace, and unconditional love for yourself and
everyone around you.
_________________________ 2. It is often include representations of alternative
worlds, typically the world as it is and the world as it should be.
_________________________ 3. It is a set of truths that must be accepted and
agreed to by those who wish to belong to the religion, those who choose to be a
follower or disciple.
_________________________ 4. Recognizes that physical goals are never the true
aim of any life experience. Instead, their focus shifts to immaterial goals.
_________________________ 5. These are questions are matters of ultimate concern
by which persons are grasped and which are taken with unconditional seriousness in
their life

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LEARNING ACTIVITY 4: Rough Out!
Make a character sketch of a person who is spiritual but not religious

and a person who is religious but not spiritual.
Focus your sketch in this question: What are their daily activities? Write
your answer on the space provided.

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RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Activity 2- Word Pick!/ Learning Activity- 4: Rough Out!
Criteria Inadequate = D Adequate= C Above Exemplary= A

(Below (Meets Standard= B (Far Exceeds
Standard) Standard) (Exceeds Standard)
Standard
Organization Writing lacks Writing is Writing is Writing shows

logical coherent and coherent and high degree of
organization. It logically logically attention to logic
shows some organized. organized and reasoning of
coherence but Some points with points. Unity
ideas lack unity. remain transitions clearly leads the
Serious errors. misplaced used reader to the
and stray between conclusion and
from the ideas and stirs thought
topic. paragraphs to regarding the
Transitions create topic.
evident but coherence.
not used Overall unity
throughout of ideas is
essay. present.
Level of Shows some Content Content Content

Content thinking and indicates indicates indicates
reasoning but thinking and original synthesis of
most ideas are reasoning thinking and ideas, indepth
underdeveloped applied with develops analysis and
and unoriginal. original ideas with evidences
thought on a sufficient and original thought
few ideas. firm and support for
evidence. the topic.
Development Main points lack Main points Main points Main points well
detailed are present well developed with
development. with limited developed high quality and
Ideas are vague detail and with quality quantity support.
with little development. supporting Reveals high
evidence of Some critical details and degree of critical
critical thinking. thinking is quantity. thinking
present. Critical
thinking is

14
weaved into
points
Style Mostly in Approaches Attains Shows

elementary Senior High Senior High outstanding style
form with little School level School level going beyond
or no variety in usage of style; tone is usual Senior
sentence some variety appropriate High School
structure, in sentence and rhetorical level; rhetorical
diction, patterns, devices used devices and tone
rhetorical diction, and to enhance used effectively;
devices or rhetorical content; creative use of
emphasis. devices. sentence sentence
variety used structure and
effectively. coordination
REFLECTION
• I learned that
________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
• I enjoyed most on
________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
• I want to learn more

________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

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REFERENCES:
BOOKS:
Vroom, H.M. 2006. A Spectrum of Worldviews: An Introduction to Philosophy of

Religion in a Pluralistic World. Amsterdam: Rodopi. [Google Scholar]
Van der Kooij, J.C.J., D.J. de Ruyter, and S. Miedema. 2013. “‘Worldview’: The
Meaning of the Concept and the Impact on Religious Education.” Religious
Education 108 (2): 210–228. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science
®], [Google Scholar]
Casanova, J. 2007. “Immigration and the New Religious Pluralism: A European

Union/United States Comparison.” In Democracy and the New Religious
Pluralism, edited by T. Banchoff, 59–84. Oxford: Oxford University
Press. [Crossref], [Google Scholar]
Davie, G. 2000. Religion in Modern Europe: A Memory Mutates. Oxford: Oxford

University Press. [Google Scholar]
Nescolarde-Selva, J., & Usó-Doménech, J. L. (2013a). Topological structure of

complex belief systems. Complexity, 19, 46–62.
doi:10.1002/cplx.21455.
WEBSITES
1918-http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0259-
94222018000300003
2003-2021-https://study.com/academy/lesson/belief-systems-definition-types-
quiz.html5.
https://www.asa3.org/ASA/education/views/index.htmle.net/arias201625/b
beliefsystem-religion-and-spirituality (Patronage of Mary Development School
(PMDS) Melvin Mussolini Arias
June 29, 2019- https://thejoywithin.org/spirituality/what-are-the-characteristics-of-

spirituality
2021- https://www.speakingtree.in/blog/the-characteristics-of-a-spiritual- person
2019- https://www.happierhuman.com/difference-religion-spirituality/

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ANSWER KEY:
Learning Activity 1: Match Me!
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. D
5. A
6. C
7. D
8. B
9. A
10. C
Learning Activity 2: Wordpick!

*Answers may vary
Learning Activity 3: Find Me!
DOWN/VERTICAL:
1. Commitment
2. Believer
3. Worldview
4. Religion
5. Code
HORIZONTAL/CROSS:
1. Spirituality
2. Belief System
3. Creed
4. Spiritually-minded
5. Existential
Learning Activity 4: Rough Out!

Answers may vary
Prepared by:
RUBYLIN M. ORINA
Writer

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Name: ____________________________ Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________ Date: ________________
HISTORICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXTS OF THE

DIFFERENT RELIGIONS
Religions have their origin stories and are universal in nature. Geography and
culture influence the establishment and development of religions.
A. Historical Background
Prehistoric humans, such as the Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons, have

practiced a set of belief systems like in burying their dead, painting on the walls of
caves and carving images from stones.
The existence of humankind for so long a time has resulted in the formation of
religion and belief systems. It is certain that many religions may have been
unrecorded in the past. Others may have gradually died down like Zoroastrianism
that once flourished in South Asia but is now only confined in Iran, India and Central
Asia.
The Patriarch Abraham
Played a major role in the establishment of the three monotheistic religions:

namely, Judaism, Christianity and Islam, which account for more than half of the
world’s total population. As such, these organized religions are collectively known as
ABRAHAMIC RELIGIONS. The importance of Abraham in these three religions lies in
the fact that the patriarch appears as an elemental (primary) figure for monotheistic
belief system and a paragon (exemplar) for extreme devotion.
B. Geography of Faith
The Western Frontier
West Asia is the home of three great religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam).
Religions have increasingly become involved in domestic politics of West Asia, resulting
in prolonged conflicts among countries that have claimed thousands of lives. Israel
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remains the only country in the world with a Jewish-majority population comprising
almost 75% of its citizens.
The Arabian Peninsula, the world’s largest peninsula, consists of countries that
are predominantly Islamic in character. (Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, United
Arab Emirates, Yemen and
Oman). Most West Asian countries follow Shi’a and Sunni denominations of Islam. Iran
and Iraq associate themselves with the Shi’a sect while Muslims in Saudi Arabia belong
to Sunni branch.
The topography of West Asia is characterized by vast areas of mountainous

terrains which played significant roles in many religious beliefs as these landforms
provide ideal settings where gods live or where gods and mortals meet.
Jerusalem has been sacred for the Christians for almost two thousand years
now. Important sites include Mount Zion and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, which
is the site of the Golgotha (or the place of crucifixion) and the empty tomb of Jesus
Christ. Lastly, Jerusalem has been sacred for the Muslims for almost 1400 years now.
For the Sunni Muslims, it is their third holiest city. Located at the Temple Mount, the
Islamic Dome of the Rock is the most recognizable structure in Jerusalem. It is believed
that the rock is the spot from which Muhammad ascended to heaven. Likewise, the
First and Second Temples are believed to lie beneath or near the shrine. Another
Islamic structure is the Al-Aqsa Mosque associated with the night journey undertaken
by Muhammad.
The Indian Subcontinent
The subcontinent of South Asia covers an area more than one and a half million
square miles stretching from the Hindu Kush and Baluchi Hills on the west and the Great
Himalayan mountain range on the north, to the Burmese mountain on the east and the
Indian Ocean on the south. More than 4000 years ago, a civilization emerged along the
Indus River that developed a unique culture long before the dawn of the Christian era.
Invasions from people originating in Macedonia and Central Asia have added diversity
to India’s population and complexity to its culture.
Because sweltering heat is one major feature of India’s ecological setting, it is no

wonder that Hindus revere the sun (Surya) and fire (Agni). Water also plays a major
role as evidenced by Hindus venerating a god of water and celestial oceans (Varuna).
The South Asian countries of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh depend on the rivers
of Indus, Ganga-Yamuna and Bramaputra. Traversing the great plains of north India,
the Ganga (Ganges) is the holiest river for the Hindus. From its point of origin to its
confluence with the ocean, Many ancient pilgrimage sites and cities line up along the
Ganga that include Rishikesh, Haridwar, Prayag and Varanasi. Even Buddhists
consider Varanasi as an important religious site. During the olden days, there was once
a deer park in Samath which is now a residential area in Varanasi. In this park,
Siddharta Gautama gave his first sermon about the principles of Buddhism. It is
presently marked by the Dhamek Stupa shrine. The Buddha also met his first disciples
at this place which is now commemorated by the Chaukhandi Stupa monument.
The Eastern End
19
At the eastern end of the great Asian continent one finds the cultural and political
dominance of China. The location of China proper in the valleys of two great bodies of
water, the Huang He and Yangtze, is quite favorable because of the support these
streams provide to the Chinese people that made historic China the center of culture.
From these river valleys emerged small states now controlled by the first recorded
dynasties, the Shang and the Zhou. It is within this context that the great Confucius
became fascinated with ethical questions and morality in government officials.
Confucius, the main person behind the social philosophy, did not intend to start
a new religion but rather expound on the nature of order and stability in the society. With
the growth of Confucianism and the development of urban Chinese culture, the
shamanism began to decline in China. It was only during the second millennium after
the death of Confucius in 479 BCE that the teachings and ideals identified with his
philosophy spread in China. By the time of the Han dynasty, Confucian teachings had
become the state religion. In Korea, it began to be disseminated extensively around
the 15th century. In Japan, it was accepted by the majority during the 18th and 19th
centuries.
Daoism emerged in response to the widespread warfare and social turmoil that
besieged the Zhou dynasty. It served as the guiding principle to abandon and withdraw
from the disorder brought about by incessant struggle for power, wealth and prestige.
The common people began to oppose the rising authoritarian rule and the rigidity of the
moralists who were Confucian supporters. Daoist followers aspired for autonomy in the
midst of social adversities and the conformity to social patterns with the aim of attaining
social harmony.
As the three kingdoms of Goguryeo, Silla and Baekje were being influenced by
China, Korea also adopted Buddhism and Confucianism from the mainland. Japanese
representatives to China picked the useful aspects of Chinese culture, imported and
adopted these elements to their own need. The Japanese feudal (old) system embraced
the ideals of Confucianism. Ancestor worship complemented elements of Confucianism
and Daoism that underscored the concept of filial piety (devotion to family. The entry
of Buddhism in Japan between the 4th and 8th centuries had a direct effect in their
religious traditions.
a. Shinto was introduced (to distinguish native from foreign religion)
b. Shinto followers acknowledged that the numerous buddhas andbodhisattvas were
revelations of the kami.
c. Fusion between Shintoism and Buddhism
d. Japan developed a unique form of Buddhism taking its fullest meditative form under
Zen.
C. Cultural Milieu
World religions can be regarded along the lines of their exclusivity or non-
exclusivity. Exclusive religions are oftentimes monotheistic with Judaism,
Christianity and Islam. Meanwhile, non-exclusive religions are Hinduism, Buddhism,
Confucianism, Taoism and Shintoism.

20
The History of Religion
History of religion refers to the written record of human religious experiences

and ideas. This period of religious history begins with the invention of writing about
5,200 years ago (3200 BCE).
The prehistory of religion relates to a study of religious beliefs that existed prior
to the advent of written records. The timeline of religion is a comparative chronology of
religion.
• Christianity began in Palestine in the A.D. 1st century. It was founded on the
teachings of Jesus of Nazareth and developed by Paul the Apostle.
• Islam originates in the Middle East, specifically in Mecca, now part of Saudi
Arabia. It's the place where the prophet Muhammad was born, lived and died.
The prophet was born around 570 CE and he received the first revelation from
God in the year 610 CE
• Judaism is a religious tradition with origins dating back nearly four thousand
years, rooted in the ancient near eastern region of Canaan (which is now Israel
and Palestinian territories).
• Hinduism is a religion, or a way of life, found most notably in India and Nepal.
• The History of Buddhism spans from the 5th century BC to the present; which
arose in and around the ancient Kingdom of Magadha (now in Bihar, India)
• Shinto (Japanese, "the way of the gods"), Japanese cult and religion, originating
in prehistoric times, and occupying an important national position for long periods
in the history of Japan, particularly in recent times.
• Both Confucianism and Taoism originated in China with Confucius and Lao Tzu
respectively as the founders.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Analyze the interconnectedness of geography, culture and religions

(Quarter 1, Week 2).

21
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1 – “I KNOW”
Determine the truthfulness and falsity of the following statements. Write
Fact if the statement is correct and Bluff if incorrect. (10 points)
1. Geography and culture have an effect on the establishment and

development of religions. ____________
2. Islam originates in the Middle East, specifically in Mecca, now part of
Saudi Arabia. ______________
3. East Asia is the home of three great religions (Judaism, Christianity, and
Islam). ___________
4. Buddhism is a religion, or a way of life, found most notably in India and
Nepal. ____________
5. Daoism emerged in response to the widespread warfare and social
turmoil that besieged the Zhou dynasty. ____________
6. Islam originates in the Middle East, specifically in Mecca, now part of
Saudi Arabia. ___________
7. With the growth of Confucianism and the development of urban
Chinese culture, the shamanism began to decline in China. ________
8. World religions can be regarded along the lines of their exclusivity or
non-exclusivity. __________
9. The existence of humankind for so long a time has resulted in the
formation of religion and belief systems. __________
10. The History of Hinduism spans from the 5th century BC to the present;
which arose in and around the ancient Kingdom of Magadha (now in
Bihar, India) ____________

22
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2 – “I DEVELOP”
Write 3-5 sentences based on what you read and understand in the
background info on Historical Background, Geography of Faith and
Cultural Milieu of world religions. Use the graphic organizer below for
your answer. (5 points each)
WORLD RELIGIONS
Historical Cultural Milieu

eBackground
Geography of
Faith

23
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3 – “I REFLECT AND UNDERSTAND”
Answer the following questions brief but substantial. (5 points each)
1. Why is it important to understand that the development of religions

have historical and geographical contexts?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
________________________________________________.
2. How do geography and culture affect the formation of religions? Cite

an example.
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________.
3. How does religion influence culture in return? Give example.

_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________.

24
LEARNING ACTIVITY 4 – “I APPLY”
Make a poster on the interconnectedness of geography, culture and
religions (15 points)

25
RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Learning Activity 2-3
Excellent Very Good Average Needs

5 4 3 Improvement
2
This paper is This paper is The writer is Topic is not well-
clear and mostly focused, beginning to define defined and/or
focused. It and has some the topic, even there are too many
holds the good details and though topics.
reader's quotes. development is still
Ideas attention. basic or general.
Relevant
details and
quotes enrich
the central
theme.
The Paper (and The organizational Sentences within
organization paragraphs) are structure is strong paragraphs make
enhances and mostly enough to move sense, but the
showcases the organized, in the reader through order of
central idea or order, and the text without too paragraphs does
theme. The makes sense to much confusion. not.
Organization order, the reader.
structure of
information is
compelling and
moves the
reader through
the text.
The writing The writing The text hums The text seems
has an easy mostly flows, and along with a choppy and is not
flow, rhythm, usually invites steady beat, but easy to read orally.
and cadence. oral reading. tends to be more
Sentences are businesslike than
Sentence well built, with musical, more
Fluency strong and mechanical than
varied fluid.
structure that
invites
expressive oral
reading.

26
Learning Activity 4
Excellent Very Good Average Needs

5 4 3 Improvement
2
Message Key issue and Key issue and Key issue is Key issue and
message are message are identifiable; message are
clearly identifiable. message may unclear.
identifiable. be unclear.
Visual Poster is neat Poster is neat Poster is Poster is
Presentation and clear; color and clean; somewhat messy; color
and and creative color and neat; some and graphics
Creativity graphics are creative color and are lacking;
used graphics are creative captions are
exceptionally used; captions graphics are omitted or
well; captions are readable. used; captions unreadable.
are readable. are included.
Content Poster clearly Poster conveys Poster conveys Poster
conveys an understanding a limited conveys little
understanding of the issue; understanding or no
of the issue; uses of the issue; understanding
excellent use of appropriate attempts to use of the issue;
appropriate symbolism; title symbolism; title does not use
symbolism; title is clear and is unclear or symbolism;
is clear, clever, relevant to irrelevant to title is missing.
and relevant to topic. topic.
topic.
REFLECTION
• I learned that ___________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
• I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
• I want to learn more ______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

27
REFERENCES:
BOOK:
Ong, Jerome A., Joe, Mary Dorothy dL. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems Teacher’s Manual, Vibal Group, Inc., 1253 Gregorio Araneta Avenue,
Quezon City, Philippines: 2016
WEBSITE:
https://www.slideshare.net/jomarienel/lesson-2-origin-of-world-religions published July

18, 2018.
ANSWER KEY:
Activity 1 – I Apply
1. Fact
2. Fact
3. Bluff
4. Bluff
5. Fact
6. Fact
7. Fact
8. Fact
9. Fact
10. Bluff
Activity 2 – I Develop (Answers may vary)
Activity 3 – I Reflect and Understand (Answers may vary)
Activity 4 – I Apply (Outputs may vary)
Prepared by:
RICHARD C. ESGUERRA
Writer

28
Name: ____________________________ Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________ Date: ________________
INFLUENCE OF RELIGION TO CULTURE AND SOCIETY
The beliefs, values and ideas of religious traditions have made, and continue to
make, significant contributions to the development of human societies and cultures.
Religious belief systems articulate responses to questions relating to human nature,
identity and purpose, and urge believers to embrace the imperative to live ethical lives.
In essence, religions provide a frame of reference for understanding the world and for
guiding personal and communal action. This course investigates what religion is and
what role religion plays in the lives of individuals in society; how religious traditions
respond to the human search for meaning; the place of religion in Australian society
including indigenous spirituality before and after European settlement; what citizenship
is and what the rights and responsibilities are for all citizens; and develops an
appreciation for forms of religious expression. In a world where global travel and work
is a real possibility, learners will gain knowledge and understanding of how religious
traditions affect cultural values and practices, social, political and economic institutions,
as well as an understanding of how religious traditions find expression in the arts,
theatre, cinema, media, and literature. The perspective of lived faith is also examined.
In this way, learners will identify and understand the worldviews of followers of religious
traditions. The study of Religion in Society provides an avenue for learners to develop
an appreciation of the way that religion influences our lives as members of a particular
society and provides them with the skills to be informed and critical thinking members
of their society. It values and promotes open inquiry and respect and tolerance for all

29
religious traditions and draws on personal and collective stories and experiences as
examples of authentic and lived religion.
Does religion do better or more harm for the world? This has been the subject of
intense debate for centuries. Here are some of the influences of religion to culture and
society.
Negative effects of religion:
1. Many religions teach that some people will go to hell after they die. That is a dark thing
to believe. It is pretty harsh to say that someone deserves to suffer for all eternity.
2. Some religious groups go even further and claim that you must belong to their religion
to achieve salvation, which would imply that anyone who doesn’t belong to their religion
would automatically go to hell. That is an appalling thing to believe.
3. Also, some religious people worry that they themselves might go to hell, which is a
source of unnecessary anxiety in their lives (since, after all, hell is probably not real).
4. Some religions, especially the Catholic Church, have a long history of trying to
suppress human sexuality, even when it’s completely normal and healthy sexuality. And
when it gets suppressed, people don’t learn how to use it.
5. Many religions teach (or previously taught) that homosexuality is immoral. By doing
so, they have ostracized the gay community.
6. Some religions have a long history of silencing and oppressing women.
7. Some religions have a culture that turns a blind eye towards physical and/or sexual
abuse.

30
8. Religion has played a role in many wars throughout world history. (But please note: if
people did not have religion, I’m sure they would’ve found something else to start a war
over.)
9. Many holy books, including both the Bible and the Qur’an, contain some passages
which are bizarre and violent and which have inspired some fundamentalists to commit
bizarre and violent actions.
10. In the past, religious beliefs were used as a reason for executing or sacrificing people.
(In some parts of the world, that still happens.)
11. Religion sometimes encourages people to be ascetic and delay happiness until the
afterlife, rather enjoying this life while we have it.
12. Religion sometimes teaches people to accept injustice as God’s will, rather than to
fight against it. (This was Karl Marx’s criticism.)
13. Religion sometimes displays a patronizing attitude towards poor people in the third
world.
14. In Christianity, some of Jesus’ teachings are rather extreme (e. g. “sell all that you
have”).
15. In some countries, religion has too much influence on the government.
16. Some religious groups encourage people to vote for political candidates who are
opposed to any sort of progress, just because they are socially conservative.
17. Religion teaches people not to question things.
18. Religion has a history of resisting the development of science.

31
19. Some religious people, inspired by their beliefs, refuse to accept sound medical
advice.
20. Religion encourages people to believe in superstitions (e. g. the idea that if you pray
for something, God will make it happen).
21. Related to this, religion teaches people to believe in doctrines that are very unlikely
to be true and that an intelligent person should not otherwise believe. An example would
be the Catholic doctrine of the Virgin Birth of Christ, which — let’s be honest — is
probably not true.
22. Some religious groups place too much emphasis on following the letter of the law
with regard to their rules, dress, rituals, etc.
23. Religion fosters an attitude of contempt towards people who are less religious.
24. Some religious communities are very insular and fear the outside world.
25. Some very extreme religious groups believe that the end of the world is imminent
and that we need to prepare for the end-times. That is a very irrational and self-
destructive thing to believe.
Positive effects of religion:
1. Religion allows people to believe that their lives have a purpose.
2. Some people attest that it is religion that gives them the strength to keep going in life
(“The Lord is my strength”).
3. Most people want to believe that there is more to reality than just the physical, scientific
universe, and religion teaches us that indeed, there is.

32
4. The religious view that “everything happens for a reason” can be comforting during
difficult times.
5. The religious view that “God has a plan for you” makes life seem less chaotic.
6. Religion allows people to believe they’ve been forgiven when they feel regret and
remorse over things they’ve done wrong.
7. Religion allows people to believe that someone (God) understands them and loves
them.
8. Religion teaches us to be kind to others.
9. Religion teaches us to serve others.
10. Religion teaches us to forgive others.
11. Religion promotes humility.
12. Religion promotes gratitude.
13. Religion makes the concepts of right and wrong seem more palpable.
14. Religion can help people accept painful things about the world.
15. Religion reminds us that some things can never be known (“God only knows”), which
can help to relieve anxiety.
16. Religion can help people come to terms with their own faults and shortcomings.
17. Religion teaches us to focus on what really matters, rather than worldly success.
33
18. The hope for the afterlife can be a source of comfort for people who are unhappy in
life.
19. The hope for the afterlife can also be a source of comfort for people who have
recently lost a loved one.
20. In general, the hope for the afterlife makes death seem less frightening.
21. Religion provides us with role models (e. g. the saints).
22. Religion builds community. The deep sense of community that one finds in religion
is difficult to find anywhere else.
23. Religion provides a structure to time.
24. Some people find religious rituals to be very meaningful (e. g. praying the Rosary).
25. Religion is the origin of most of the world’s holidays, and holidays are fun.
26. Religion has been the inspiration for much art and music over the centuries.
27. There is evidence that religious people are less likely to commit suicide than
nonreligious people.
28. Religious groups have been a driving force behind some progressive movements in
history, including the abolitionist movement and the Civil Rights Movement.
29. Early Christianity was much more supportive of women than were most other
societies during that time period. Christianity (arguably) played a role in the long-term
development of women’s rights in the Western World.

34
30. Many religious institutions and organizations provide medical care and necessary
services for people all over the world.
However, what has become clear to me is that most of these effects, whether positive
or negative, are not directly caused by religion. Rather, they are caused by how people
choose to use religion. What matters is not how religious or nonreligious you are; what
matters is how you choose to make use of your religious views, whatever they may be.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
• Analyze the influence of religion to culture and society. (Quarter 1 Week 3)
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1: MOTIVATIONAL ACTIVITY
Listen to John Lenon’s song “Imagine” and answer the following questions:
Imagine
John Lennon “Imagine” Lyrics
Imagine there's no heaven

It's easy if you try
No hell below us
Above us only sky
Imagine all the people living for today
Imagine there's no countries

It isn't hard to do
Nothing to kill or die for
And no religion too
Imagine all the people living life in peace, you
You may say I'm a dreamer

But I'm not the only one
I hope some day you'll join us
And the world will be as one
Imagine no possessions
I wonder if you can
No need for greed or…
Source: LyricFind

35
1. What was your initial reaction when you heard the lyrics of the song?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. Why do you think the songwriter suggest that we imagine a world without religion?
Do you think he does not believe in God?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. What message did you get from the song?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2:
Arrange the influences of religion to culture and society by arranging the following
concepts whether they are positive or negative effects of religion.
Causes Promotes Social Affirms Social Gives Positive

Discrimination Harmony Hierarchy Goals in Life
Triggers Conflicts Explains the Serves as an Impedes Scientific
and Fights Unknown Economic tool for Success and
controlling the Development
masses
Obstructs the use Gives people a Provides Moral Promotes Social
of reason sense of belonging Values Harmony

36
Positive Effect of Religion Negative Effect of Religion
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3: POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE? Tell whether the

following examples are Positive or Negative effect of Religion.
_____________ 1. Religion integrate and stabilizes cultures as well as

nations
_____________ 2. Religion should be susceptible to progress
_____________ 3. Religion sets notions of right and wrong
_____________ 4. Religion promotes obscurantism
_____________ 5. Religion is a source of discrimination
_____________ 6. Religion provides a structure to time
_____________ 7. Many religious institutions and organizations provide
medical care and necessary services for people all over
the world.
_____________ 8. Religion can help people come to terms with their own
faults and shortcomings.
_____________ 9. Religion fosters an attitude of contempt towards people
who are less religious.
_____________ 10. Religion makes good people do evil things
LEARNING ACTIVITY 4: LET’S REFLECT: ESSAY
Discuss your thoughts about this topic by writing a one-page reflection

paper.
• Among the positive effects of religion, which can you relate with and why?
• Do you think it is ironic that wars have been fought in the name of religion
when it is supposed to promote peace and compassion?

37
RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Criteria Description Points

Organization The activity was able to answer the 10
question posted on the student
Organization The Paper was well-written with ideas 5
easily conveyed to readers
Analysis Analysis was clear and concise based 5
on the data presented
Reflection
• I learned that ___________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
• I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
• I want to learn more _____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
REFERENCES:
Books
Ong, Jerome A and Jose, Mary Dorothy dL. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and
Belief Systems Textbook. Vibal Group Inc..
Ong, Jerome A and Jose, Mary Dorothy dL. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and
Belief Systems Teacher’s Manual. Vibal Group Inc..

38
Websites
Office of Tasmanian Assessment Standard and Certification.

https://www.tasc.tas.gov.au/students/courses/humanities and-social sciences/.
Accessed December 9, 2020.
Gliatto, MAtthew. Positive and Negative Effects of Religion (2020).

https://medium.com/illumination/positive-and-negative-effects-of-religion-
7ec841feef07. Accessed December 9, 2020.
Prepared by:
LERIZA S. DE GUZMAN
Writer

39
Name: ____________________________ Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________ Date: ________________
JUDAISM
Judaism is known as one of the ancient monotheistic religions of the world

originated from the West Asia. Judaism is one of three Abrahamic religions that also
includes Christianity and Islam. The believers of this religion are the Jews known as
“The people of the Book” as written to their sacred book. The Jews also consider
themselves as “The people chosen by God” to serve as an exemplar of devotion and
purity to humankind.
Brief History
Judaism is anchored upon God’s revelation to Abraham that he is the creator
and ruler of the universe and that He loves his creatures and demands righteousness
from them (Losch 2001). God choose Abraham and his family from all the people living
on earth as recorded in Genesis 12. After a series of tragic events involving humankind,
God entered a covenant with Abraham promising him that he would become the father
of a great nation and would possess vast tracts of land. Abraham in return devoted to
the covenant. He would become the embodiment of uprightness and holiness to the
world. He was succeeded by his son Isaac, his grandson Jacob and Jacob’s twelve son
(Hopfe 1983) Abraham story are narrated in Genesis 11-25 of the Hebrew bible.
Core Teachings and Fundamental Beliefs
In Judaism, actions are more significant than beliefs. The focus of this religion is
on worshiping one God, the practice of good deeds and the love of learning (Brasswell
1994). For the Jews, there is one everlasting God who created the universe in its entirely
and remains the Master of It (Parrinder 1971). It is believed that human beings were
created by God who provided them the capacity to decide what is right and wrong and
gave them the freedom and responsibility to their own actions.

40
Jewish Principles of faith are as follows
1. God Exist
2. God is one and unique
3. God is incorporated
4. God is eternal
5. Prayer is to be directed to God alone and to no other
6. The words of the prophets are true
7. Moses prophecies are true, and Moses was the greatest of the prophets
8. The written Torah and the oral Torah were given to moses
9. There will be no other Torah
10. God knows the thoughts and deeds of men
11. God will reward the good and punish the wicked
12. The Messiah will come
13. The dead will be resurrected
The 10 commandments of God are a set of absolute laws given by God to Moses
at the Mt. Sinai that shall govern the life of every Israelita. These laws are twice
mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, particularly in Exodus and in Deuteronomy.
Sabath is the most important day in Jewish calendar which commemorates
God’s completion of the creation of the universe and his rest after the six-day toil.
Related Issues
Women’s role in the Jewish religion is determine by the Tanakh, the oral Torah
and Jewish customs. Mishnah instructs that women must follow nearly all negative
commandments except trimming the beard and viewing a dead body.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Examine the belief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices and
related issues of Judaism. (Quarter 2, Week 4)

41
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1: SEEK THY WORD!
Directions: Look for the different important words you need to understand
as your guide as you go through in this lesson. Enjoy!
HINTS
The religion of Jewish people and known as an ancient monotheistic religion.
Notable founder of Judaism.
Considered as the most powerful creator of heaven and earth.
The body of wisdom and law contained in Jewish scripture.

42
Conformity to the Christian religion.
The most important day in Jewish calendar.
A journey to a holy place.
Greek origin that means “sacrifice by fire”
Jewish set of rules and practices
Followers of Judaism
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2: TABLE OF KNOWLEDGE

Directions: Fill in the necessary information ask in the table of
knowledge.
TABLE OF KNOWLEDGE (JUDAISM)
Founder Core Teachings Practices Beliefs Issues
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3: The Truth and The False.

Directions: Write T is the statement is correct and F is the statement in
wrong. Write your reason in the space provided to prove your answer.
_________1. Judaism is one of the first monotheistic religion in the world.
___________________________________________________________________

43
_________2. Jews can be found in Israel and North America.
___________________________________________________________________
_________3. Judaism is considered the most popular religion in the world.
___________________________________________________________________
_________4. Judaism is one among the three Abrahamic religions in the world.
___________________________________________________________________
_________5. Torah is believed to have been authored by Moses.
__________________________________________________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY 4: IT’S TIME TO WRITE (Reflective Essay)

In a minimum of 250 words essay, what is the greatest lesson that you
have learned from Judaism?

44
RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Features 4 3 2 1
Expert Accomplished Capable Beginner
Quality of • Piece was • Piece was • Piece had a • Piece had
Writing written in an written in an little style or no style or
extraordinary Interesting voice voice
style and style and • Give some • Gives no
voice voice new new
• Very • Somewhat information information
informative informative but poorly and very
and well and well organized poorly
organized organized organized
Grammar, • Virtually no • few spelling • A number of • So many
Usage & spelling, and spelling, spelling,
Mechanics punctuation punctuations punctuation punctuation
or errors, minor or and
grammatical grammatical grammatical grammatical
errors errors errors errors that it
interferes
the
meaning
REFLECTION
• I learned that ___________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
• I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
• I want to learn more on ____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

45
REFERENCES:
BOOK:
Introduction to World Religions and Belief System for Senior High School (Jerome A.
Ong, Mary Dorothy dL. Jose) Vibal Group
WEBSITE:
http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article2684.
http://www.christian.org/positive religion.
ANSWER KEY:
Activity 1 (In any order)

1.Judaism
2. Abraham
3. God
4. Torah
5. Christianity
6. Sabbath
7. Jews
8. Pilgrimage
9. Holocaust
10. Halakha
Activity 3 (Explanations may vary)

1.TRUE
2.TRUE
3.FALSE
4.TRUE
5.TRUE
Activity 4 (Answers may vary)
Prepared By:
BAMBI D. DIVINA
Writer
46
Name: ____________________________ Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________ Date: ________________
CHRISTIANITY
Christianity is the most widely practiced religion in the world, with more than 2
billion followers. The Christian faith centers on beliefs regarding the birth, life death and
resurrection of Jesus Christ. While it started with a small group of adherents, many
historians regard the spread and adoption of Christianity throughout the world as one of
the most successful spiritual mission in human history. Some basic Christian concepts
includes: Christians are monotheistic they believe that there is only one God who
created heaven and earth. This divine Godhead consists of three parts: the father (God
himself), the son (Jesus Christ) and the Holy Spirit.
The essence of Christianity revolves around the life, death and Christian beliefs
on the resurrection of Jesus. Christians believe God sent his son Jesus, the Messiah,
to save the world. They believe Jesus was crucified on a cross to offer the forgiveness
of sins and was resurrected three days after his death before ascending to heaven.
Christians contend that Jesus will return to earth again in what’s known as the second
coming.
The Holy Bible includes important scriptures that outline Jesus”s teachings, the
lives and teachings of major disciples and offer instructions for how Christians should
live. Both Christians and Jews follow the old testament of the Bible, but Christians also
embrace the New Testament. The cross is a symbol of Christianity which serve’s as
Jesus Christ victory over sins when he died on the cross and the cross serve as a
reminder of the sacrifices made by God in order for Humanity to live. Fish is also
considered as an important symbol and was used as a secret code in meeting other
Christians when they were persecuted. Christians made an acrostic from the Greek
word fish which is ichtys: Iseous Christos Theou Yios Soter which means Jesus Christ,
Son of God, Savior.The most important holiday is Christmas which celebrates the birth
of Jesus Christ and Easter which commemorates the resurrection of Jesus.

47
Who is Jesus Christ?
Most historians believe that Jesus was a real person who was born between 2
B.C and 7 B.C much of what scholars know about Jesus comes from the New
Testament of the Christian Bible. He was born to a young Jewish virgin named Mary in
the town of Bethlehem, south of Jerusalem in modern-day Palestine. Christians believe
the conception was a supernatural event, with God impregnating Mary via the Holy
Spirit. And his earthly father was Joseph a carpenter. Jesus was raised Jewish and
according to most scholars, he aimed to reform Judaism not create a new religion. Jesus
used parables (short stories with hidden messages in his teachings some of the main
themes that Jesus taught which Christians later embraced includes:
• Love God
• Love your neighbour as yourself
• Forgive others who have wronged you
• Love your enemies
• Ask God for forgiveness of your sins
• Jesus is the Messiah and was given the authority to forgive others
• Repentance of sins is essential.
• Don’t be hypocritical
• Don’t judge others
• The kingdom of God is near and it is not the rich and powerful but the
weak and poor who will inherit this kingdom.
Beliefs and Doctrines

Christianity has certain beliefs and doctrines that serve as moral guidelines for
its followers. As much as possible, Christians should follow these teachings strictly if
they want to redeem Gods promises of eternal life. These Teachings are essential to
their belief system as Christians and not following them would lessen their chances of
being called true Christians and reduces their chances of salvation in the after life
Ten Commandments
The ten commandments are set of laws given by God to the people of Israel at
Mt. Sinai through Moses. In Exodus, God gave Moses the tablets containing the Ten
Commandments, which Moses smashed into pieces because of extreme anger when
he saw the golden calf idol created and worshipped by the Hebrews. God gave Moses
another set to replace the broken one.

48
The Ten Commandments are said to appear twice in the Bible, in Exodus 20:1-
17. And Deuteronomy 5:21. They are meant to guide Christians on how to behave within
the family, society and most especially with respect to God.
Ten Commandments
1.“I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of
slavery.You shall have no other gods before[a] me.
2. “You shall not make for yourself an image in the form of anything in heaven above
or on the earth beneath or in the waters below. 5 You shall not bow down to them or
worship them; for I, the LORD your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for
the sin of the parents to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, 6 but
showing love to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my
commandments.
3.“You shall not misuse the name of the LORD your God, for the LORD will not hold
anyone guiltless who misuses his name.
4.“Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all
your work, but the seventh day is a sabbath to the LORD your God. On it you shall not
do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant,
nor your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns. For in six days
the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he
rested on the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and made it
holy.
5.“Honor your father and your mother, so that you may live long in the
land the LORD your God is giving you.
6. “You shall not murder.
7.“You shall not commit adultery.
8.“You shall not steal.
9. “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.
10.“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house. You shall not covet your neighbor’s
wife, or his male or female.

49
Brief History of Christianity
The history of the Christian religion and the Christian church began
with Jesus and his apostles. Christianity is the religion that is based on the birth,
life, death, resurrection and teaching of Jesus Christ.
Christianity began in the 1st century AD after Jesus died and was said to be
resurrected, as a small group of Jewish people in Judea, but quickly spread throughout
the Roman empire. Despite early persecution of Christians, it later became the state
religion. In the Middle Ages it spread into Northern Europe and Russia. During the Age
of Exploration, Christianity expanded throughout the world; it is currently the largest
religion of the world.
The religion had schisms and theological disputes that had as result four main
branches: the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox churches, Oriental
Orthodoxy and Protestant churches.
Most of the first Christians were ethnically Jewish or Jewish proselytes. An early
difficulty came from non-Jewish converts. There was the question if they had to "become
Jewish" before becoming Christian. The decision of St. Peter, was that they did not, and
the matter was further addressed with the Council of Jerusalem.
The doctrines of the apostles brought the Early Church into conflict with some
Jewish religious authorities, and this eventually led to the martyrdom of
SS. Stephen and James the Great and expulsion from the synagogues. Thus,
Christianity got an identity distinct from Judaism. The name "Christian"
(Greek Χριστιανός) was first used for the disciples in Antioch, as recorded in (Acts
11:26).
Sources for the beliefs of the apostolic community include the Gospels and New
Testament Epistles. The very earliest reports are in these texts: early Christian creeds
and hymns and reports about the Passion, the empty tomb, and appearances of Jesus
after his Resurrection. There are reasons to suppose that they were written within a few
years of the crucifixion of Jesus and came from the Jerusalem Church.
Christianity kept many practices from Jewish tradition. Christianity thought the
Jewish scriptures to be sacred and used mostly the Septuagint translation of the Torah
(the first five books of the Old Testament), the Hebrew Prophets and Writings (the rest
of the Old Testament books), and added other texts as the New Testament. Christians
professed Jesus to be the God of Israel, having taken human form, and considered
Jesus to be the Messiah (Christ) who had been prophesied about in the Old Testament
and so was expected by the people of Israel.
Christianity continued many Judaic practices: liturgical worship, including the
use of incense, an altar, a set of scriptural readings adapted from synagogue practice,
use of sacred music in hymns and prayer, and a religious calendar, as well as other
typical features: an exclusively male priesthood, and ascetic practices (fasting etc.).

50
The time when most of the apostles had died and their jobs as leaders of the
Christian communities in the cities had been taken over by bishops, is called post-
apostolic period. It includes the time of persecutions until Christian worship was
legalized under Constantine the Great. The earliest recorded use of the
term Christianity (Greek Χριστιανισμός) is from this period. The term was used
by Ignatius of Antioch
Early Christians were subject to various persecutions. This meant even death.
Early martyrs included Stephen (Acts 7:59) and James, son of Zebedee (Acts 12:2).
Persecutions in larger scale by the authorities of the Roman Empire began with the year
64, when the Emperor Nero blamed them for the great Fire of Rome as the Roman
historian Tacitus reported.
According to Church tradition, it was under Nero's persecution that the
saints Peter and Paul became martyrs in Rome. Several of the New
Testament writings mention persecutions and very difficult times. For 250 years there
were times when Christians suffered from persecutions, because they refused to
worship the Roman emperor. That was seen as treason and punished by execution. But
the Christian religion continued to spread throughout the Mediterranean region. In the
late fourth century they became the dominant religious force of the Roman Empire.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Examine the belief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices and
related issues of Christianity (Second Semester Quarter 1, Week 5)

51
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1: ChristianniTRACE!
Write what is asked in the figure to trace the history of Christianity.
Before Jesus Christ During Jesus Christ Teaching’s After Jesus Christ Died

52
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2: POSTER ABOUT CHRISTIANITY!
Make a poster depicting the set of laws given by God to people of Israel
at Mt. Sinai through Moses or the Ten Commandments. Use the rubrics
below as your guide.
RUBRIC FOR POSTER
CRITERIA DESCRIPTION POINTS POINTS

OBTAIN
Organization The concept was 10

clearly and creatively
conveyed
Content The illustrations were 5

appropriate to the
theme
Visual Presentation The idea was clearly 5

presented based on
the pictures and words
used.
Total 20
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3: The Truth and The False.

Write T if is the statement is correct and F is the statement in wrong.
Write your example/reason in the space provided to prove your answer.
_________1. Ecumenism is an effort of Catholic Church to sponsor

activities and initiatives to promote mutual understanding and unity among Christians.
___________________________________________________________________
_________2. Christianity advocates that the goal of sexual union between men and
women procreation thus anything that might hinder this is considered immoral.
___________________________________________________________________

53
_________3. The Christian view marriage is based on Matthew 19:6 therefore
strongly against divorce.
___________________________________________________________________
_________4. Euthanasia or Death penalty is strongly supported by Christians.
___________________________________________________________________
_________5. The Big Bang Theory narrates the origin of the universe and Humanity
according to Bible.
___________________________________________________________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY 4: IT’S TIME TO WRITE (Reflective Essay)

In a minimum of 250 words essay, what is the greatest lesson that you
have learned from Christianity?

54
RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Features 4 3 2 1
Expert Accomplished Capable Beginner
Quality of • Piece was • Piece was • Piece had a • Piece had
Writing written in an written in an little style or no style or
extraordinary Interesting voice voice
style and style and • Give some • Gives no
voice voice new new
• Very • Somewhat information information
informative informative but poorly and very
and well and well organized poorly
organized organized organized
Grammar, • Virtually no • few spelling • A number of • So many
Usage & spelling, and spelling, spelling,
Mechanics punctuation punctuations punctuation punctuation
or errors, minor or and
grammatical grammatical grammatical grammatical
errors errors errors errors that it
interferes
the
meaning
REFLECTION
• I learned that ___________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
• I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
• I want to learn more _____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

55
REFERENCES:
BOOK:
Introduction to World Religions and Belief System for Senior High School (Jerome A.
Ong, Mary Dorothy dL. Jose) Vibal Group
WEBSITES:
http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article2684.
http://www.christian.org/positive religion.
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Christianity#:~:text=Christianity%20is%20th
e%20religion%20that,spread%20throughout%20the%20Roman%20empire.
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2020&version=NIV
ANSWER KEY:
Activity 1 (Answer may vary)

Activity 2 (Explanations may vary)
1.TRUE
2.TRUE
3.TRUE
4.FALSE
5.FALSE
Prepared By:
BAMBI D. DIVINA
Writer

56
Name: ____________________________ Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________ Date: ________________
ISLAM
Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion. Islam

teaches that Muhammad is a messenger of God. It is the
second largest religion in the world after Christianity, with
about 1.8 billion Muslims worldwide. Muslims believe
that there is only one God known as Allah who is
merciful and compassionate and promises the faithful
worldly peace and equality and entrance to a sublime
eternity.
Islam began as a way of life for its followers which God intended
for his creation from the very beginning. The Quran is the revelation from God of his
speech and is the foundation of the Islam religion. All these knowledges had been
revealed by God to Muhammad and written in the Quran. Moreover, the basic
obligations of Muslims are called the Five Pillars of Islam that must be strictly observed
to give structure and unity to all believers of Islam.
Timeline of Islamic History

Islam is founded (610 CE)
Muhammad, at the age of forty, reports receiving revelations from the archangel
Gabriel. He reports these revelations, and his followers memorize and transcribe them
into the Qu'ran. Those who memorized the Qu'ran are called as guardians. The hadith
is the collection of deeds and sayings of Muhammad and his followers. It is the second
source of shari’a law. He starts preaching to the people of Mecca, but the Meccan
ruling class, the Quraysh, is threatened and considers him a threat to their power and
began to and begin to persecute him and his followers.
Muhammad performs the Hijra (622 CE)

After enduring persecution in Mecca, Muhammad and his followers migrate to
Medina where the people there accepted Islam. This marks the "hijra" or "emigration,"
which marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. In Medina, Muhammad establishes
an Islamic state based on the laws revealed in the Quran and the inspired guidance
57
coming to him from God. Eventually he begins to invite other tribes and nations to
Islam.
Muhammad returns to Mecca (630 CE)
Giblah is the direction of Mecca in which Muhammad returns to Mecca
peacefully, and eventually all its citizens accept Islam. The prophet clears the idols
and images out of the Kaaba (The House of Allah) and rededicates it to the worship
of God alone. Inside the Kaaba is the black stone, a dark rock which was broken into
number of fragments, it is now cemented into the corner of Kaaba. Kaaba is the seal
of his ‘prophethood’. Upon entering the Kaaba, the hajji performs the tawaf which
involves the circling of the Kaaba seven times in counterclockwise direction.
Muhammad dies and the Rashidun Caliphate begins (632 CE)

By the time of Muhammad's death, the Arabian tribes have all converted to Islam.
Control of the Muslims passes to the Rashidun ("The Rightly Guided") Caliphate,
which contains first four leaders of Islam after Muhammad. Abu Bakr, his father-in-law
and close associate, elected as caliph, or successor.
The First Fitna begins (656 CE)

The First Fitna, or civil war, begins in 656, and it marks the first time Muslim
forces battle other Muslim forces. Mu'awiyah, Muslim governor of Syria, tries to claim
power over the current caliph, Ali, and goes to war against him.
The Second Fitna begins (680 CE)
After the death of Mu'awiya, strife breaks out between Muslims over his
succession. This is recognized as the first official break between Sunni Muslims, who
believe in the legitimacy of all four Rashidun caliphs, and the Shi'a, who believe that
only Ali and his descendants have the right to rule.
The Islamic Golden Age begins (750 CE)

Due to the wealth from the expanded empire and the empire's centrality to trade
between Africa and Asia, a cultural flowering called the Islamic Golden Age begins.
Much of this is centered in Baghdad, including the famed House of Wisdom, a grand
library of collected writings. Muslim scholars undertook a number of great systematic
collections of hadith known as the Six Sahih. The Sahih al-Bukhari of one of the
collections was authored by Imam Bukhari.
Modern spread of Islam begins (1896)

Due to contact with industrialized nations, Muslim populations spread due to
economic migration. The population of Muslims starts to double around 1869 into
1914, spreading into Eastern Asia, the Caribbean, and sub-Saharan Africa. Migration
also eventually spreads to countries in western Europe.

58
The Five Pillars of Islam
1. Shahadah – A statement of faith all Muslims recite at least one time in their
lives.
2. Salat or Salah – A daily ritual prayer of faith done five times a day.
3. Zakat – A tax paid to benefit the poor or those in need.
4. Sawm – A fast done during the month of Ramadan.
5. Hajj – A pilgrimage every Muslim must do at least once in his/her life, if
he or she is able to.
Apart from Shahada, the four other duties that must be performed by all
Muslims are collectively called as ibadah or the state of submission. The Ibadah
aims to discipline the adherents and eliminate impostors to Islamic faith.
Two Major Muslim Denominations
1. Sunni Muslims (The Sunnis) –The largest branch of Islam. They are
traditionalists and are considered the orthodox of Islam as they endeavor
to follow the original religion established by Muhammad. They accept that
the first four caliphs were the true successors to Muhammad.
2. Shi'a (The Shi'ites) – The second-largest branch of Islam. Shiite
Muslims believe that only the caliph Ali and his descendants are the real
successors to Muhammad. They deny the legitimacy of the first three
caliphs.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Examine the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices, and
related issues of Islam (Quarter 1, Week 6)
ACTIVITY 1. MY LEVEL OF UNDERSTANDING
Read the following statement carefully. Write T if the statement is TRUE and F
if the statement is FALSE.
______________ 1. Muhammad ibn Abdullah worked as a camel driver across the

Arabian Peninsula.
______________ 2. The longest surah has 268 ayahs.
______________ 3. Zayd ibn Thabit wrote on leather scraps, stone pieces, ribs of
palm trees, shoulder blades of animals, and paper.
______________ 4. The zakat must be 2.5% of a person’s entire asset.
______________ 5. Ritual washing or wudu is required before prayer.
______________ 6. The Quran is binding, continuous and supreme.
______________ 7. Muslims whose concern mainly dwell for a mystical union with
God belong to Sunni Islam.
______________ 8. According to figh, human behavior may be classified into four
categories.

59
______________ 9. Jihad means “effort” or “struggle” to convince unbelievers to
pursue the Muslim way of life.
______________ 10. Salat is done before sunset, noon, mid-afternoon, after
sunset, and after midnight.
ACTIVITY 2: ISLAMIC WORD SEARCH
The following are Islamic terminologies you learned in the lesson. Find the
key concepts and principles of Islam in the box. Use the hints below in
locating the important words.
T R I M A M B U K H A R I H
A P J P S U R A H S A K A T
W Q O A U M A H R U M H S
A D E T R E N O G I B L A H
F I V O H I A Y U F A I J A
F O I P A M D A A A D H J H
I I B A D A H H R S S R A A
K H N P I M A S D T Z A L D
L I C K T D N I I I A M L A
D J I A H I J R A N K I A G
M R J D A R N A N G A M A L
O A U I H I J A B R T R A Q
K A A B A D G J K Q A E R N
Hints:
1. It is known as the start of the Islam Calendar.
2. The declaration of belief.
3. The term for annual wealth tax.
4. The collective term for the remaining four duties.
5. It is called as “black stone”.
6. It is the direction of Mecca.
7. He who authored the Sahih al-Bukhari.
8. Those who memorized the Quran.
9. It is the traditional reports or sayings of Muhammad and his followers.
10. The circling of the Kaaba seven times in counter-clockwise direction.

60
ACTIVITY 3: ALL ABOUT ISLAM
In a pamphlet, make a timeline of important events in the history of Islam
from the birth of Muhammad to the expansion of the Islamic empire
under the four caliphs. Use pictures to represent the selected important
events. Briefly explain the significance of each event.

61
ACTIVITY 4: ISLAMIC APPRECIATION
. a photo collage about the Five Pillars of Islam.
Create

62
ACTIVITY 5 MY POINT-OF-VIEW
In 250 words explain why Islam is called the “Religion of Peace”.
_____________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.

63
RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Exemplary Proficient Emerging Developing
5pts. 4pts. 3pts. 2pts.
Depth of Discussion demonstrates Discussion Discussion Discussion

Reflection an in-depth reflection demonstrates a demonstrates a demonstrates lack of
about the topic, including general reflection minimal reflection reflection about the
supporting details and about the topic, about the topic, topic, with no details.
examples. including some including a few
supporting details and supporting details
examples. and examples.
Structure & Discussion is clear, Discussion is mostly Discussion is Discussion unclear,

Organization concise, and well clear, concise, and unclear, and disorganized.
organized with the use of organized with the use thoughts are not Thoughts make little
excellent of excellent well organized. to no sense.
sentence/paragraph sentence/paragraph Thoughts are not
structure. Thoughts are structure. Thoughts expressed in a
expressed in a logical are expressed in a logical manner.
manner. logical manner.
Quality of Information clearly relates Information clearly Information clearly Information has little
Information to the main topic. It relates to the main relates to the main to do with the main
includes several topic. It provides 1-2 topic. No details topic.
supporting details and/or supporting details and/or examples
examples. and/or examples. are given.
REFLECTION
Complete this statement:
1. With the activities I have undertaken on this lesson, I learned that

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
2. I enjoyed most on
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.

64
3. I want to learn more
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
BOOKS: (APA STYLE)

REFERENCES:
BOOK:
Jose, Mary Dorothy., Ong, Jerome (2016). Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc.
WEBSITES:
https://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/12/world/islam-fast-facts/index.html/Retrieved
August01,2020
https://www.history.com/topics/religion/islam#:~:text=The%20word%20%E2%80%9CI
slam%E2%80%9D%20means%20%E2%80%9C,of%20complete%20submission%20t
o%20Allah/Retrieved August01,2020
https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/Retrieved August01,2020
https://www.globalministries.org/mee_resources_what_is_islam/ Retrieved
August01,2020
https://www.wabashcenter.wabash.edu/syllabi/r/reed/1JM8T-Rel212/timeline3.htm/
Retrieved August 01, 2021
https://www.softschools.com/timelines/islam_timeline/337/Retrieved August 01, 2021

65
ANSWER KEY
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1: MY LEVEL OF UNDERSTANDING
1.T
2. F
3. F
4. T
5. T
6. T
7. F
8. F
9. T
10. F
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2: ISLAMIC WORDSEARCH
1. Hijra
2. Shahada
3. Zakat
4. Ibadah
5. Kaaba
6. Giblah
7. Imam Bukhari
8. Guardian
9. Hadith
10. Tawaf
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3: ALL ABOUT ISLAM – Answers may vary
LEARNING ACTIVITY 4: ISLAMIC APPRECIATION– Answers may vary
LEARNING ACTIVITY 5: MY POINT OF VIEW – Answers may vary
Prepared by:
KRISHA DYANE M. HOGGANG

Writer

66
Name: ____________________________ Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________ Date: ________________
COMPARING AND CONTRASTING JUDAISM, CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM
This learning activity sheet concludes your lesson in Judaism, Christianity and
Islam. It summarizes the uniqueness and similarities of Judaism, Christianity and Islam.
One of the similarities among these religions is that they are all monotheistic in nature.
Likewise, they have similar concept of hell. On the other hand, these religions are
unique in their own. One unique characteristic of Christianity is its belief in the trinity.
One of the rituals unique in Judaism is the circumcision of newly born male Jews. Islam
is known for its five pillars.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Compare and contrast the uniqueness and similarities of Judaism, Christianity

and Islam. (Quarter 1, Week 7)

67
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1: Reli-Pics
Identify the religion being depicted in each set of pictures. Write your
answers in the boxes provided.

68
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2: In my column
Fill in the needed information below based on the previous discussions
about Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Describe each religion based on
the topic provided. Answer the process questions that follows.
TOPIC CHRISTIANITY ISLAM JUDAISM
Founder
Jesus Christ
Examples of
Rituals
Nature of
God
Sin
Salvation
Hell

69
Process Questions:
1. What are the unique characteristics of Christianity, Judaism and Islam?

2. What are the similarities of these religions?
3. How do you find the similarities and differences of these religions? Describe
your answer.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3: Critical Me

Make a reflection paper about your answer in Activity 2 “In My Column”
following the format below.
Format for Reflection Paper
Introduction: (Present a summary of the uniqueness and similarities of Judaism, Islam

and Christianity based on your answers activity 2)
Body: (Here, several questions may be answered as your guide.)

• How did the article affect you?
• Has the article changed your mind about something? If so, explain how.
• Has the article left you with any questions?
• Does the article relate to anything from your past reading experiences?
• Does the article agree with any of your past reading experiences?
Conclusion: You should summarize what you’ve learned. Tell how your newfound
knowledge has affected your understanding of the subject in general. Describe the
feeling and overall lesson you had as a result of the reading or experience.
RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Categories Exemplary(3) Intermediate(2) Beginning(1)
Self-disclosure Seeks to understand concepts Seeks to understand Little self-disclosure,

by examining concepts by examining minimal risk in
openly somewhat cautiously connecting concepts from
his/her own his/her class to personal
experiences in the past as own experiences in the experiences. Self-
they past as they relate to the disclosure tends to be
relate to the topic, to illustrate topic. Sometimes superficial and factual,
points made. defensive or one-sided in without self-reflection.
Demonstrates an his/her analysis. Asks
open, non-defensive ability to some
self-appraise, discussing both probing questions
growth and frustrations as they about

70
related to learning in class. self, but do not engage in
Risks asking pro seeking to answer these.
bing questions
about self and seeks to
answer
these.
Connection to In-depth synthesis of Goes into some detail Identify some general
outside thoughtfully selected aspects explaining some specific ideas or issues from
experiences of experiences related to the ideas or issues from outside experiences
topic. outside experiences related to the topic
Makes clear connections related to the topic.
between what is learned from Makes general
outside experiences and the connections between
topic. what is learned from
outside experiences and
the topic.
Connection to In-depth synthesis of Goes into more detail Identify some

readings thoughtfully selected aspects explaining some specific general
(assigned and of readings related to the ideas or issues from ideas or issues from
ones you topic. readings related to the readings related to the
may Makes clear connections topic. Makes general topic. Readings are only
have sought on between what is learned from connections between those assigned for the
your own) readings and the topic. what is learned from topic
Demonstrate further analysis readings and the topic.
and insight resulting from what Includes reference to at
you have learned from least one reading other
reading, than those assigned for
Includes reference to at least class.
two readings other than those
assigned for class.
Connection to Synthesize, analyze and Synthesize clearly some Restate some general
class evaluate thoughtfully selected directly appropriate ideas ideas or issues from the
discussions & aspects of ideas or issues or issues from the class class discussion as they
course from discussion as they relate relate to this topic
objectives the class discussion as they to this topic.
relate to this topic.
Spelling & No spelling or grammar errors. Few spelling and Many spelling and
grammar grammar errors grammar errors, use of
errors incomplete sentences,
inadequate proof reading.
Source: https://studylib.net/doc/10180901/grading-rubric-for-reflection-assignments

71
REFLECTION
• I learned that ___________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
• I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
• I want to learn more on ___________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
REFERENCES
Comparison Table retrieved from http://christianityinview.com/xncomparison.html
How to Write a Reflection Paper retrieved from https://essaypro.com/blog/reflection-

paper
ANSWER KEY
Act 1
Set 1 Christianity, Judaism, Islam
Set 2 Judaism, Islam, Christianity

72
Act 2
TOPIC CHRISTIANITY ISLAM JUDAISM
Founder Jesus Christ Mohammed Abraham (First

(c. 4 B.C. - 30 A.D.) (570 - 632 A.D.) 1 Patriarch, born c.
1800 B.C.)
Jesus Christ The second person of Isa (Jesus) was a An ordinary Jew, not
the Trinity and born of prophet, sent by Allah the Messiah nor a
the Virgin Mary. "...true and born of the Virgin divine person.
God from true God" Mary, but not divine
(Nicene Creed) (Quran 5:17).
Examples of The Sacraments, Five important rituals Rituals include the

Rituals including Baptism and (known as the pillars of Circumcision of
Holy Islam): newly born Jewish
Communion(Eucharist). 1. Shahadah - A males, Barmitzvah -
In Orthodoxy and profession of faith. a ceremony marking
Roman Catholicism, five 2. Salat - Prayer five the 'coming of age'
more are added, viz: times daily. of Jewish Boys and
Confirmation 3. Zakat - alms giving. observation of the
(Chrismation), Marriage, 4. Sawm - Fasting Sabbath (Shabat).
Penance, Holy Orders during the Holy month As in the other faiths,
and Anointing of the of Ramadan. prayer is important.
sick. 5. Hajj - Pilgrimage to The Jewish prayer
Prayer is also an the Holy city of Mecca. book is called the
important part of the siddur.
faith.
Nature of One God, who exists in One God (Arabic: One God (known in
God three distinct persons Allah), who is not a English as 'Yahweh'
(The Trinity): Father, trinity. The Islamic or 'Jehovah') -
Son and Holy Spirit view of God is called "...Hear Israel, the
(Matthew 28:19). strict Monotheism Lord is our God, the
(Quran 112:1). Lord is one."
(Deuteronomy 6:4).
Sin We inherit a sinful There is no concept of Judaism rejects the

nature through our original sin, nor doctrine of original
common ancestor vicarious atonement. sin. Atonement for
Adam, who rebelled All Humans are born sins committed is
against God. Jesus sinless, but human made through
Christ atoned for our weakness leads to sin. seeking forgiveness
sins through his death from God in prayer
on the Cross (Romans and repentance. In
5:12-17). addition, the day of
atonement (Yom

73
Kippur) is set aside
specially for this
purpose.
Salvation By grace through faith in Achieved through Through good works,

Jesus Christ (Ephesians good works, thus prayers and the
2:8-9).3 personal grace of God. There
righteousness must is no parallel to the
outweigh personal sin Christian view of
(Quran 23:101-103). substitutionary
atonement.
Hell A place of everlasting A place of torment and Traditionally, there is

punishment for the fire (Quran 25:65, the concept of
unrighteous (Matthew 104:6-7). In Islam, Hell Gehinnom or
25:46). There is no is known as Gehenna - those
crossover between Jahannam. Jahannam who die in sin may
Heaven and Hell. has several levels and suffer temporary
a person may not punishment, but
necessarily spend certain sins merit
eternity there. eternal punishment.
However, Judaism's
ideas of the afterlife
have varied widely
among different
groups and in
different time
periods. For the
most part, Judaism
does not emphasize
the afterlife.
Act 3 Answers May Vary
Prepared by:
RENIBEL D. ROLDAN
Writer

74
Name of Learner: ____________________________ Grade Level: ___________________
Section: ____________________________________ Score: ________________________
HINDUISM
Hinduism is the world’s third largest religion with around 15% of the entire population practicing the
Hindu faith. Hindu followers in India comprise the major bulk with almost 80% of the country’s population
adhering to the religion. Hinduism is the world’s oldest organized religion that began on the Indian
subcontinent with no specific moment of origin and no specific founder. Hindu followers vary in their set
of beliefs and practices as they accept the pluralistic nature of their traditions.
The term Hindu originated from the Persian word hindu (in Sanskrit sindhu) which means “river.” It
also refers to the people of the Indus Valley— the Indians (Bowker 1997). The name Hinduism was
given in the nineteenth century to describe the wide array of belief systems in India. Hinduism was
originally known as “Arya Dharma” or the “Aryan Way.”
Hinduism is oftentimes considered as the oldest and most complex of all world religions. The
concept of dharma is closely linked to the Hindu religion. It is the power that preserves the society.
The sacred writings of the Hindus are categorized into two. Shruti literally means “that which is
heard” and are regarded as eternal truths that were passed orally. The four books of Vedas are part of
the shruti. Meanwhile, smriti literally means “that which has been remembered” and these are writings
that serve to reinforce shruti.
For all Hindus, there are four desirable goals of life or purushartha. These are dharma (appropriate
behavior), artha (the pursuit of legitimate worldly success), kama (the pursuit of legitimate pleasure), and
moksha (release from rebirth). The terminal stage involves the liberation from the bonds of flesh and the
limitations of death-bound life (Brown 1975).

75
Fundamental to Hindu teachings are the doctrines of samsara which is the cycle of rebirth and karma
the universal law of causality. Within every human is an eternal soul or atman that is being reborn many
times and in various forms in accordance to the moral law or karma (Bowker 1997). A soul may escape the
cycle of rebirth and attain moksha. This particular liberation can be achieved through the four yogas that
involve a system of practices aimed at producing spiritual enlightenment. The word yoga is derived from the
root word yuj which translates as “to yoke” or “to join.”
Apart from recognizing a vast assortment of Indian deities, the Hindus believe in the trimurti (trinity)
composed of Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. Integral to Hindu worship are the sacred images and temples
believed to house and represent the deities.
India is a secular state that remains neutral in issues involving religious convictions and
practices of its citizenry. India is presently facing numerous challenges that are religious in
character.
The issue on women of which Manusmriti or the “Laws of Manu” states that women should
be honored in Hindu society, women have always been considered inferior to men in almost all
aspects of life. A woman's life revolves around the men in her life, to be taken care of by her
father in childhood, by her husband in married life, and by her sons upon old age. Thus, women
are relegated to performing household chores and are expected to become loyal to their
husbands, even after their husbands die.
Another is the Caste System. It is one major distinguishing feature of Indian culture that
still affects modern-day society. A system of social class opportunities which are based upon
family origin. One person belongs to a caste by being born to parents of that particular caste. This
has been an issue of distinctive concern for the reformers of the caste system. While full-blown
divisions are relatively a modern development, the caste system began to divide into thousands
of Note:
castesPractice
that arePersonal
sometimes basedProtocols
Hygiene on occupations.
at all times
76
Leaning Competency
Analyze the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices, and
related issues of Hinduism. (Quarter 1 Week 8)
LET’S START!
1.ON THE WALLS 1.1 Explore the Wall
Let us begin this first wall of adventure! In this wall, you are going to explore the pictures
presented below. Examine and study carefully. Answer briefly but substantially the given
questions. Write your answer in the provided lines.

77
1. What do you see in the pictures? Describe it.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. If you are to choose one from the pictures, which one and why?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. How do you regard the god/goddess? Do you think you also possess the traits they have?
_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
4. What purpose does a god or goddess serve?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

78
2. ON THE WALLS 1.2 Discover the Wall
This wall will let you discover the words inside the box. In the box are jumbled letters, when
formed, these words will tell us about practices and core teachings of Hinduism. Draw a line
vertically and horizontally to identify and form the word. Description of each word is provided
for you. Write the correct word on the lines provided.
H I N D U I S M R I G J 1. A religion which originally known as

V I S H N U M M I G H K “Arya Dharma” or the “Aryan Way.”
S C H O 0 L R R I V E R 2. The meaning of the Persian word hindu
T R I M U R T I Y E O S which in Sanskrit Sindhu.
H E V E N K T T O D L H 3. It means “that which is heard” and are
E W A R B L I I G A K R regarded as eternal truths that were
S A M S A R A C A S A U passed orally.
A T H A R V A O R D R T 4. It literally means “that which has been
C A S T E S Y S T E M I remembered” and these are writings that
serve to reinforce shruti.
B R A H M A Q S A M A P
5. The main source of teaching and
knowledge of the Hindus
6. It is the Hindu cycle of rebirth.
ANSWERS 7. The universal law of causality by the
Hindus.
1. ______________________ 8. A particular practice to achieve
2. ______________________ liberation which means “to yoke” or “to
3. ______________________ join.”
4. ______________________ 9. The Hindu belief of the three Hindu
highest deities.
5. ______________________
10. One of the Hindu Trinity who is
6. ______________________
considered as the creator.
7. ______________________ 11. A deity who is a preserver and an
8. ______________________ operator.
9. ______________________ 12. Hindu believed that this deity is a
10. _____________________ destroyer.
11. _____________________ 13. One of the issues confronted by
12. _____________________ Indians as a system of social class
13. _____________________ opportunities which are based upon family
14. _____________________ origin.
15. _____________________ 14. A Veda which deals on the knowledge
15. A Veda which deals on the various
GOOD LUCK ! sciences

79
3: BEYOND WALLS 1.3 Think More
We are in the third wall, in this wall we are to examine the practices and beliefs of Indians.
Read and understand carefully the given questions and answer briefly in the provided lines.
1. How would you compare the Filipino belief of one God to Hindu belief of many
gods/goddesses?
_________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________.
2. Why do you think Hinduism is mainly concentrated in India?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What is Moksha and how can this be attained?

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. What are the four goals of human life. Explain each.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. What is the core teaching of Hinduism?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

80
4. BEYOND WALLS 1.4 Think about it: What Have I Learned so Far
Think about this fourth wall. Read and analyze very carefully the given questions.
Express what you have learned so far from the previous activity. Write your answer in
2-3 sentences only.
1. Hinduism is a monotheistic religion because despite the fact that it has as many as 33
million gods and goddesses, they are believed to be manifestations of one universal
god. Agree or disagree? Why?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________.
2. How is Hinduism affect your perspective in Religion?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________.
3. Do all people need freedom and liberation regardless of their religion? Why?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5. BEYOND WALLS 1.5 Think Deeper
Finally, this wall will ask you to discover your inner self. Given the chance to be one of
the Hindu deities, what would be your name and your function or role? Why?

81
RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Criteria Description Points Points Obtained
Organization The content is

creatively and
clearly conveyed 10
Content The content was 5

well expressed with
ideas easily
conveyed to
readers.
Presentation The presentation 5

was clear, concise,
and based on the
topic presented.
TOTAL 20
REFLECTION:
Complete this statement:
1.With the activities I have undertaken on this lesson, I learned that

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
2. I enjoyed most on
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. I want to learn more on

_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________.

82
REFERENCES
• https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-hindu-devotees-celebrate-the-ceremonial-worship-
of-hindus-deity-lord-171401528.html
• http://factsanddetails.com/world/cat55/sub354/item1353.html
• https://travelandculture.expertscolumn.com/four-vedas
• https://fitsri.com/yoga/4-paths-of-yoga
• http://explorevedanta.com/vbc-the-4-goals-of-human-life/
Diwali. National Geographic Kids. http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/diwali/
(accessed June 7, 2015)
• Four Paths of Yoga: Jnana, Bhakti, Karma, Raja. Traditional Yoga and Meditation of
the Himalayan Masters. http://www. swamij.com/four-paths-of-yoga.htm (accessed
June 7, 2015)
• Hinduism on Wealth and Poverty. Berkley Center for Religion, Peace & World series/
(accessed April 6, 2015)
• Introduction: Four Main Paths. Heart of Buddhism. http://hinduism.iskcon.org/practice
(accessed June 7, 2015)
• Other Social Issues. The Heart of Buddhism.
http://hinduism.iskcon.org/lifestyle/903.htm (accessed June 9, 2015)
• The Four Denominations of Hinduism. Kauai’s Hindu Monastery.
https://www.himalayanacademy.com/readlearn/basics/ four-sects (accessed April 7,
2015)
• The Problem and Status of Women in Hindu Society. Hinduwebsite.com.
http://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduwomen. asp (accessed June 10, 2015)
http://hinduism.about.com/od/scripturesepics/a/upanishads.htm (accessed April 5,
2015) Upanishads.
• The Hindu Universe. http://www.hindunet.org/upanishads/ (accessed April 5, 2015)
ANSWER KEY
WALL 1.1: answer may vary
WALL 1.2:
1. Hinduism 11. Vishnu

2. river 12. Shiva
3. Shruti 13. Caste System
4. Smriti 14. Rig
5. Vedas 15. Atharva
6. Samsara
7. Karma
8. Yoga
9. Trimurti
10. Brahma

83
WALL 1 3: (answer may vary)
PREPARED BY:
MARIVIC E. SIYANG
Writer

84

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11

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Learning Activity Sheet

Printed by DepEd Regional Office No. 02

Differentiate the concept, elements, and characteristics of 1

Analyze the interconnectedness of geography, culture and religions 18

Analyze the influence of religion to culture and society 29

Examine the belief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, 40

Examine the belief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, 47

Examine the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, 57

Compare and contrast the uniqueness and similarities of Judaism, 67

Analyze the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, 75

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

THE CONCEPT, ELEMENTS, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF BELIEF SYSTEM,

BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times

CHARACTERISTICS OF BELIEF SYSTEM, WORLDVIEW, RELIGION, AND SPIRITUALITY

CHARACT BELIEF SYSTEM WORLDVIEW RELIGION SPIRITUALITY

Belief systems have It can refer to a It is a set of A Practice of Peace,

Psychological Existential Refers to ETHICAL Focus on Non-

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times

Belief Refers to the way

The boundaries of a Briefly a creed is a

The elements (concep A Creed is a SET

Belief systems are in Refers to the

Belief systems often

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times

Belief systems rely

Belief systems are likely

The content set to be

Beliefs can be held

The believer can be

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times

6. Compassion- is the purest form of love plus meditation. Compassion is neither

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times

WHO IS A RELIGIOUS PERSON?

1. There is usually a greater focus on the externals such as Houses of worship

2. They have an affiliated organization which is structured and rule-based that

4. Their belief in something based upon unconditional acceptance of the

5. A religious person is committed to following the guidelines set by his or her

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times

LEARNING ACTIVITY 1 – Match Me

__ 1. From a Christian perspective, it embodies a A. Belief System

conscious relationship with God. B. Religion

__ 2. It is set of principles that helps us to interpret C. Spirituality

our everyday reality. D. Worldview

__ 3. is a unified system of beliefs and practices re-

lative to sacred things.

__ 4. It a comprehensive framework of ideas &

attitudes about the world, ourselves, and life.

__ 5. It can be created and change through our

knowledge on a certain topic, the way we were

raised, and even peer pressure from others.

__ 6. This can be achieved with the power of prayer

& meditation & with the balance mind we may

establish a feeling of calmness ,& quietness

__ 7. It is the highest manifestation of philosophy.

__ 8. These arebeliefs and practices which unite

into one single moral community called a church

Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times

LEARNING ACTIVITY 2 – Wordpick!

AREAS OF WORD/CONCEPT EXPLANATION