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The bioavailability of a drug is influenced by its physicochemical characteristics, formulation, and

administration. The drug and other ingredients are present in tablets, capsules, and solutions, which can all be
taken in various ways (eg, oral, buccal, sublingual, rectal, parenteral, topical, inhalational). No matter the route,
a solution is necessary for drug absorption. Tablets and other solids must therefore degrade.

Unless they are given intravenously, medications must first cross semipermeable cell membranes before
entering the bloodstream. Drugs are selectively blocked by cell membranes. The membrane's permeability is
governed by the bimolecular lipid matrix that predominates. There are numerous ways for drugs to cross cell
membranes.

Distributive Passivity
more efficient latent-to-active transfer

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