Date Page No

No veids -

no atpms

0ctahedral voids fo1

FcC
n Tttrahedval voidt.

414 O ctahedral ite

a a 25 a

=0419

CA Da T Ba 0* Pervokite StYuthTe)

Kead moYe abut-

SiLalt exami
Diamond Graphih hlerne
Ubtmpu ahm 2

ruhu Expen mental lechmique

Crystal
ddhr Sin nA dhk
indegTees)
yder Nlechm

dhk inr-planar pacing

Brag9 angle l8)
hal dirattm angle
h,K, NiLex inditt DiHracriom angle l&e)
C lath'ce_ Paramehey

*6ra99 lan=
a mi ae Situated Q Uit - ceu
Thi Lsumes ha

tormeA
for fc Bce e havt MeAe mut Phase cattr ing
"in order to succeed, your desire for success sthould be greater than your fear of failure."Narendra Modi

Absence Sme
 Date Page No.

h h+k+ mwst b e evn

BCC for FCch, k,
m s t be athe n _0Rodd

a 3 16 A_
beam S4A
ou_ ney
ine e Cin desrees)_
3

3
367
43.6
hndinkyplamay spaing- AHiller îmdice Teechng
plames.
d sin(do-i)
Sin 20 3) =_Ty
Jh+k+

+L+D
+ 4 o o)

The buttertly counts not months but moments, and has time enough."-Rabindranath Tagor
 e Page No.

uoin Zong -

t ideHintd 4eisner- Seitz

Tpi nllouin zone e

Smauet Dume Enhrel encleses
by plan hat are bitectoT
Tetpatal L a i e vectork da
om ATaggplane

Keuproal late Sim pleCubic

i mii v tranalatmal utoTi

. hosnal nit verD T

tTanilatimal eT k Yesipral lathice aTe

imitv

b b b

b b
a, x 3 Q a3
Klax a,)
Q x a3

The Struu r
ampide
Scattaint
dyn exp -iak T)

for compier
NS njt ceu

S StnuhuTe tthoY
than your fear of taikue-Nerendra i c
ucces shozaid be grenter
) toncentration
 Page No.
ate

nu) Supeyp0sihom 6 e Concentrabo

asouakd i Pat am h e Ceu

S dV - ) exp (-tG*)

Ato mi pim_taor

n ) exp-ihf)
auhomi peiN

S 2 exp-iGT)|

for 2cC Lathce

idenhto abm at

Sv,vv ti+erp (-iz (V+V Vs)|

exp)-- Hemte hen
V+V +Va o od 'ntge T
The buttertly counts not months but moments, and has
time enough."-Rabindranath lagor

+V+V3 evtn mtterS.

Date Page No.

S V+Y+V3 = even intger

Covered upto Date -
CTystals Sewn eystal systemi Unit eeu Pimiiv
) buuteen Bra vais lattice cel

T 4a ua+Uz@ Directlattice
v b . b + b_ Keaprcal

d t Sine
Bsagq

Coprdimabom d'h kPlanes

Struchure tatoY Atomicpim achor H

Sel-hady)

StTuthur e sDiamand tetrahedralvpids Sel-Study)

in order to succeed, your desire tor siUCCEss sthauld be greater than your fear of
failure."-Narendra Modi
 Crystoine Binding
Page No.
Date- Elashe Conttanb

what ase he torces4 inkTathons hatbindi he

aom 2

Jonic CDVal ent Van-dey haal.

X why do eneed ParaYne kTL tt detin

detine
a exagonal SYskm_2
HINT) Smmety

Na +C iomii0ni bomdimg

Ng

VanVam der WaalitoTte ene1aly OCCUY DY mêrt anm

bur wos wil he_crystalprm

i#hey aTeinert Qom.

For dipore intst aromi di pole intra uh om

m pprtant_ phen0menon. hut OcCu TSs.
0ybinn
Sommei peld model e dnud i tormed aTOUmd the
nudeuu that s lliprital in shape due
whi dipole inttothon take Place n imet atpms

Ne
Ne Ne Ne
R

Ho P Hamilto nian r
Dnpehurbed sy

The butterfly counts not manths but moments, and has time enough."-Rabindranath Tagor
 Date + Page No..

H e2
R
A+x1) (R-) R+-

Taking RCS H

H 1-/
(14 / )
txpansiom iu nd rde

- d H
R3 Haxmmic

e u Considev he dipole
D nplhase SmmeAziu
Our phase Anh Symmetric

br n phase 1 For 0u phase

= Z+x) -X)
J2
J

Pexhys bablm.
term

dez
H m
Ca+ R3

A= la+ a) ex-)
Wheye ARS

H +

nave been changed

Saing COtt

"In order to succeed, your desire tor suuccess shouid De greater than your fear of failure."-Narendra Modi
 Toblems rom th 8 , , 3,
Date Page No.

anuay eueny
R3
11

DIR
ferhurbatim Tequenty

Tepulive
AU A
R

atrach AUeps lempiriul tormul

Lennasd- Tony
lotal pntendal VT) =4e
Hard splhere cottHient T
1adia Spherical hall

for many dipole Syskm-

Tondonokntal/matb
UT
9

Meama hat Hhere is Some Testrichon m the

Summahon
Here
it
12
for Fcc 1 . 13

44

The butterfy counts not months but moments, and has time enougn."-Rabindranath Tagor
 Date Page No.

For hinding the Nalue R.

20T

Al
R13

09 Theoreital)
Ne AY Xe
t11 116 09 Ex Peaimental)

in fcC ha a mest Ome R-/

Fox higher atoms
Nalue
uantum e oiU be impDrtamEtor Lghtrapm

euilubrium EUR
2oheAi ener ener t

AE DT0 Preyure
eonard- Jms
Potennal
* Crytal due to ionic bmding-
Na+U Nal

+ -ve
onit CyAtali made uf
Ex Nal
imit Ttali e h a v a Spheicau
ke inert ase
di'stibum
Jaar
2 BE whole imic 4tali

succeed, your desire tor success should be greater than your fear of fallure."-Narendra Modi
"In order to
 Page No.
Date

Na tL)1 7:9eV
athce nexq4
2 S.1ev
Collombi in tYathnmene1
Najo Van- dey aUL comtmbubm 4
Miney- Rence

ecc
elgdmItab' ener Made lung
Comtmbubm Tm
NaOY ener
b imi i
1 U inrauhm ene Y
inkraui on foT n
Total

t hr like charse
tor unline
to QvDid
The Ypulsiy_paAt due to tende my

oveslappi na- e dutrbuh m-

osen aA 994 a reHY nLe

1 nNa any
NU nele ch'nE
Total latice ene
SuNtace

R
for nearest_muhboUT

otthe ruunie). Hdapunlike, henLe

PiR n in tmula

Total ener -
NU = N z exp E
no nea rut te- neishbouT
m

The butterfty counts not months but moments, and has time enough."-Rabindranath Tagor
Date Fage No

At pori hm
9 Made u n a COmitant

Totd atice ene

-)NdUi/ 0 - NoRo
Let1s mside -D CaAe
Cohesi ne)
yekrene im)

Lalulah / DCose
Takin
+
-

ulRle b dbwz ab im n hotdiy -

l n d fpr D hain
Repulsiv enerY
Enex
tev Total R
COulomb ener

Oyolent rystas 1

The 0me di rechiona

Foy
in_Mahure.
Noneamie lathiee
(yatal vibran Sound wocves

uanhzed PH0NON
St Ptanes
Canbeonsideed as pm ngs_undei elut Cmit

"in order to succeed, your desire for suCcess stiould be

greater than your fear of
failure."-Narendra Modi
 Page No.
Date

mohim 4 Potinm
Arihng he e

Forceelasne enstant
C unimim_

dt

Wu Trams veTte oY

sa ue e Fon 1-

foT Loni hudinala1t a fart

Eta nxdi
Hos mede)

hi10na1eat
Ha mad e)

-w e e-in

M -e ha
-ce na) L1-ek

bipeTm 1el

Aw aSinKa
dk M
8Z 1
The Ducterfiy couts not emonco but moment and nas
an
Date Page No

Standing oa med im he
TS Biuan zone bundare.

Bundan

h'nd out he BYags Cond m tra

velun

foY k value beumd la

e IKa

us
Beyond the 5au ndans

vel 4
Vge_do
dk

tandin wa

Lon
Lon avelens H limit=
Ka Lese imall)2
Sine k < e
Can be pamded

K Dnlyposible Comnuum
mit

Mdu Use+U-du,)
dt
KS -wt
u e e
K +/a
max Simq
in order to succeed, your desire cess should be greater than your fear of failure,"- Narendra Modi
 Date PageNo.

Diatomi taAe-

M M

Umit c

du Vi tVs -3u 4 ue t
d
ve'ksa. t
M2 dv cuUe -v)
dt

- w Mu =Vs+ea -2Cu

rihns im tor m Matix--

-M C 1+ eka)
- c + eika) Lo

Deerminant 6 Matix zo
NN - MA M) wtdc - ce Ka) D
HN2w -eM Mwt +c in |ka

- H+H +4t Sin|ka)

M, N MML

w Au Bsin |ka= o M ML

A+A 8sinka/ Dispehtimel" Or

icuromi athee
MitNL e(MtN
N, Na N ML -16cSin
MM
Ka-
=) undony pt K z 4K /a
Dt Seem Y_ mompav mi lathce
"The butterfly counts not nonths but moments, and has time
enough."-Rabindranath Tagar
0phta mod Aruutie mode
Date Page No.

) =A/2 + A/ L A

LMM)
M, M

A + A8
CM
+M
MML MM M, M

o F
c +N) + -

Wa

w An -VA-48 sin ka/

AlA/

Accoh Mode1- /
ophLal Mode Ma/M

K
-a
"in order to succeed, your desire tor success should De greater than your fear of failure."-Narendra Modi
 Date Page No.

Lath'ce Vibrahons in Crystali

uanizahen waves Phonmi

aatal Harmmiu tuallatoY

Ene P En +ho
These ae virainsJud that
cme waAA Loming t a
9Jantized

zOD -Pont eneAg

panad
mpora
u = uo CO4 kxCej wt
Displece ment_

Average ener 4m
P.E
stal has some plume_ _ M densi h 1
m
Avg kE
2

3u u sinwt Keskn) m: fV
u o sin wt

Ayg k:E_ pemod 't

fVwuo

vibrahsn w uanze
Mwt he +
we aicall Commechnj.
Vhe buttertly counts not monthsut moments, and has time enough.-Rabindranath Tagor
 rob
Date Page No.

hetoniintyating it Phomomi
E

-a n t o th ng Cru al xRD
Hene Braga cOndinom satit
hr elashu Scattering-
kPhaton a
Nechor
K Phonm AM.

Hence ytalake aleau brah ns but iH onl

Some uanized queny_

mear Momenbum honA exiitE torKKzo

hononu doha P eudo-inea mom enum

Latthice Vibraons2 Cpec'pr heat oR heat capa i

Netal Solid Cnystal LathcePnts VbTah m

T he la thce pank_ haut Sme
At m temp
he Dm_ RaT
Aner
Vibrahoms C
Aoud Opneal

what P e up heat 2
d _dU+ PdvN Duums-Petit
odinemahtall
(T law) la

du
dE 0T

"In order to succeed, your desire tor success should be greater than your fear of failure. "-Narendra Modi
 Date Page No

peapie heat at either CMs tt vD pesswne

c) c)
aT/y

CpC -12y af
OT DYT K Compressi bu ty

hermal ex pamsim

asnthe maoia

60

SHO
TK)

The aNeraq. emer _ SHO

E= mw'*

E RT ReT

E 3N RAT 3R 5:96 Cal/moldeg.

Quanhum_ Correchom Gen b Emtein

Atm Qhe vbran2
in-phaAe
ut- phate
wiu be-
Avera ene
pnhy
3 En hy
120
nph_

"The butterfly counts not months but moments, and has time enough."-Rabindranath Tagor
Date Page No.

E 3 Nh
e Php
-1 Denvabon may be
e Bh
Cy 3R |hy sked
RT eBh)
uanhm LoYTeuhom takes herma 4vibratienal
enerne
eneAis
when +reajed claitally_Hhermal4 ibrabioma
when
were igmored
HigherT asitalsuA m
vibrabmal
h ther m a
BT
ah o ModesHarmoniu
V Tmperahue

behave Su Haat
At loeY temperahi re h eThe uTVe
CpT3

Cystalw S6U bee

Even oe ahe at zero kmp,

hain Sme vibranlomi

eE/T Densihy taHA

Cy
3R T T-1)
f i n d ut! HmeWDYK
hD =Ra
ends
Vrahn
Vibrahng trin i jixe

a e4

-D wa e
ulzt)= A Sin 12z tel8XVt)_
In order to succeed, ycur desire tor success should be greater than your fear of faiture. "-Narendra Modi

m ode. m - din
 t
Ho .o msdts wi
d

41
.

tain t A ,4, 1

disL

141

htbe' ntisn
Date
Page No.

Csm

How man- medes wiu be in y 4 Vtdy

dn n d Ldy
C C

In 3D
3ux 'uyt uz
C t

(CSeed
n+ + n~) = 47

ni+ny+ n 4 ththi Sugs fhat nly

cextain Value
MAV
ane auDwed hence m odesit
t Spheve discrek values

7R dR NuTM bex modes in he n

V+d
R 4 4
Cs

where V=L3
47V*d)

z ) dy = 4zN d

otal mo modes

z )dy = 3N Debe Asiumphm

The buttertly counts not months but moments, and has time enough."-Rabindranath 1agor
Date Page No.

9N
zl)y dy 9N keT kT dz
e-
(B-1

FDy hgher temp i sical Umit)

e-1

for tempP hV kT

Debye_ temp

Since mp i o

d
J e-1

ei im's

Debyey (tomeu

inik value
we aMumed
Lmit i me btoz
Dppex not
end poinh he bmunday- aAe
that the
vibrahn

"In order to succeed, your desire for success should be greater than your fear of failure. "-Narendra Modi