UNIT 2: CITY LIFE

1. GRAMMAR: 1
COMPARISONS OF ADJECTIVES & ADVERBS
TRI PHAN EDUCATION CENTRE
I. COMPARISONS OF ADJECTIVES & ADVERBS
1. EQUALITY
2. SUPERLATIVE & COMPARATIVE
a) LONG & SHORT ADJECTIVES/ ADVERBS
b) SUPERLATIVE
c) COMPARATIVE
d) SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION

II. PRACTICE
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 As + Adjective/ Adverb + As
Not As/ So + Adjective/ Adverb + As
Ex: John is as tall as Peter.
USE
Equality form is used to describe or indicate the
equality or similarity of a feature or property of a
subject with only one thing or one person.

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 As + Adjective/ Adverb + As
Not As/ So + Adjective/ Adverb + As
Ex: John is as tall as Peter.
*NOTE:

 (1) As much/ many + noun: Equality of quantity

 Ex: I have not read as many books as my teacher advises me.

 (2) The same (+ noun) as: Similarity

 I am the same height as my father.

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Short adjectives/ adverbs

 One-syllabus adjectives like tall, short, long, big…

 Two-syllabus adjectives ending with y, et, le, er, ow like: happy, quiet, simple,

clever, narrow.

 Long adjectives/ adverbs

 Long adjectives and long adverbs are words that have two or more syllables

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 Positive Comparative Superlative
1. Good/well better best
2. Bad/ badly worse worst
3. Much/ many more most
4. little less Least
5. Far Farther/further Farthest/ furthest
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Positive Comparative Superlative Comment

farther farthest distance

1. Far distance or
further furthest
time
people and
older oldest
things
2. Old
people
elder eldest
(family) 14
Positive Comparative Superlative Comment
1. large larger largest leave out the silent -e
2. big bigger biggest double the consonant
sad sadder saddest after short vowel

Change -y to -
3. dirty dirtier dirtiest
i (consonant before -y)

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 Superlative form of short adjective

THE SHORT ADJECTIVE/ ADVERB + EST …

EX: He is THE strongest in his class.

 Superlative form of long adjective

THE MOST LONG ADJECTIVE/ ADVERB …

EX: She is the most beautiful student in her village.
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More information:
Superlative adjectives are used to describe an object which is at the upper or lower limit
of a quality (the tallest, the smallest, the fastest, the highest). They are used in
sentences where a subject is compared to a group of objects.

USE:
Superlative form is used to describe or indicate the
superiority (the best or above all everything) of a feature
or property of a subject compared with many nouns,
things or many people
(collective nouns can replace)
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 NOTE
“by far” can stand right in front of this
structure to enhance or emphasize the
comparison meaning in a sentence
Ex: He is by far the best student

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 Short adjectives/ adverbs

SHORT ADJECTIVE/ ADVERB + ER + THAN

EX: He is stronger than his brother.

 Long adjectives/ adverbs

MORE LONG ADJECTIVE/ ADVERB + THAN

EX: She is more beautiful than her sister.
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More information:
Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between the two objects
they modify (larger, smaller, faster, higher). They are used in sentences where two
nouns are compared

USE
Comparative form is used to describe or indicate the
comparison (the more or over one element) of a feature or
property of a subject compared with one person or one
thing.

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In order to enhance or emphasize comparative form, you
can add these signals
Hơn nhiều: much/ far/ a lot
Hơn chút chút: a little/ a bit
Ex: This chair is much/ far/ a lot smaller than that chair.
(Cái ghế này thì nhỏ hơn rất nhiều so với cái ghế kia.)
This chair is much/ far more expensive than that chair 21
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