Engineering Division

Course: Mining Engineering

3 º Year - Day Course, Class A

Research work

English IV

Theme: DISSEMBLING ROCKS BY EXPLOSIVES IN MINING

Studies of environmental problems caused by explosive dismantling at Vale Mozambique between

2019-2021

INTRODUCTION

Student:

Hélio Júlio Fernandes

Teacher

MSc: David Constantino Colasso

 1. INTRODUCTION

Vibrations and acoustic pressure are known to be the most common cause of concerns. and
complaints from affected people in the vicinity of rock blasting works. In in some cases these
complaints may be due to the lack of information about the opening hours. Detonations to the
community, while in others it may be due to the impact suffered in windows or even to vibration
transmitted to objects within structures.

Historically, blasting rocks with explosives has always been based on practice and experience of
the operators whose main objective was to fragment the necessary rock production, but which
often neglected the generation of vibrations and acoustic pressure by detonation. Currently, due
to the expansion of the urban network close to new developments mining and above all due to
increasingly strict environmental laws and requirements, it is necessary to apply scientific
concepts for the control of vibrations and acoustic pressure.

The application of scientific concepts in rock blasting with explosives allows the consideration
of geological parameters of the terrain where the shock wave propagates as well such as sizing
the fire plan with the appropriate maximum standby load, output sequence and perforation mesh.

For greater control of these effects, monitoring campaigns can be carried out. blasts with the use
of seismographs. Such equipment allows recording the vibrations of the particles of the terrain in
three directions through its sensors (ISEE, 2003), the acoustic pressure generated and still
provide graphics with the description of the wave behavior. With the consolidation of a database
containing records of vibrations, acoustic pressure, operational parameters of fire plan,
geological and geotechnical parameters of the site and distance between the vibration source and
the monitoring points, it is possible to determine laws of propagation for vibrations and
effectively predict their behavior in a given location.

Keyword: dissembling rocks by explosives, Vibrations, acoustic pressure.

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