SLIDE 1

Topic
FRATURE ZONE DETECTION USING VLF ELECTROMAGNETIC
METHOD: A CASE STUDY OF NSAN, OKOM ITA, AND IGBOFIA IN
AKAMKPA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, CROSS RIVER STATE

SLIDE 2
Presentation sequence

 Introduction
 Research site
 Geology of research site
 Aims and objective
 Significant of study
 Materials and Methods
 Field procedure
 Conclusion

SLIDE 3
introduction
What is fracture?
Fracture is any separation in a geologic formation, such as joint or a fault that
divides the rock into two or more pieces. Fractures are usually caused by stress
exceeding the rock strength, causing the rock to lose cohesion along its weakest
zone

Types of fracture?
 Extension fracture
 Shear fracture
Slide 4
Location
Research sites area located within the oban massif

SLIDE 5

Geology of research site

Geologically, These villages are within the Oban Massif basement complex
located in south – eastern Nigeria.
Lithologically, three major rock types are recognized in this region and are
granites, gneisses and schist. Theses rocks exhibit varying degrees of
weathering across the massif.
Slide 6
Aims and objectives

AIMS : The aim of this research work is to detect fracture zone in bedrock over
an anisotropic earth within the study area using very low very frequency EM
method.

OBJECTIVES:

SLIDE 7
SIGNIFIANCE OF STUDY
Very low frequency(VLF) survey is an effective method for detecting

fracture zone or images subsurface void, map land fill margins and to delineate

conductive utilities .

The study is important as far as groundwater development is concerned.

In the study area groundwater reservoir can be either in the weathered basement

joining or fracture zone. The detection and location of fracture zone will help in

recommending site for borehole drilling, to enhance public water supply in this

geologic environment.

Slide 8
Materials and method
MATERIALS:
 Abem wadi,
 hand-held Global Positioning System (GPS)
 measuring tape.

METHODS: very low frequency (VLF) method

SLIDE 9
FIELD PROCEDURE
For this work, data were collected along a transverse. The transverse was

perpendicular to the strike.

A single transverse was covered during the survey with length 350m at

sample interval of 5m. during this process all efforts was made to avoid putting

transverse in area that contain cultural features that may mask anomalies

associated with the intended target strike and also during the process, the

direction of the transmitting station was perpendicular to the transverse before

readings were taken.

SLIDE 10

CONCLUSION

in conclusion, very low frequency electromagnetic method was used to detect

the position of bedrocks fracture zones at Nsan, Okom ita and Igbofia areas of

Akamkpa local government, cross river state. The fracture was detected and
interpreted at different surface position in the current density. And the direction

of fracture zones was also interpreted .