BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

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1. Cross Tee Short metal "T" beam used in suspended ceiling systems
to bridge the spaces between the main beams

2. Pantile Roofing tile which has the shape of an "S" laid on its side

3. SAD Clay roofing tile approximately semi cylindrical in shape

laid in courses with units having their convex side alter-
nately up and down

4. Dado Groove cut into a board or panel intended to receive the

edge of a connecting board

5. Foundation Wall Part of the building foundation which forms the permanent
retaining wall of the structure below grade

6. Grade Beam Part of a foundation system which supports the exterior

walls of a superstructure and bears directly on the column
footing

7. Dampproofing Black, tar like waterproofing material applied to the exte-

rior of a foundation wall

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8. Balloon Framing System of framing a building in which the studs are con-
tinuous to roof supporting second floor joints

9. Western Framing System of framing a building on which floor joists of each

storey rest on the top plates of the storey below and the
bearing walls and partitions rest on the subfloor of each
storey

10. Dead Bolt An exterior security lock installed on exterior entry doors
that can be activated only with a key or thumb-turn

11. Tryolean Finish Rough plaster finish obtained by flinging plaster on a wall
with a hand operated machine

12. Chord Principal member of the truss which extends from one
end to the other primarily to resist bending

13. Alloy Composition of two or more metals fused together usually

to obtain a desired property

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14. Backset Horizontal distance from the face of a lock or latch to the
center of the knob or lock cylinder

15. Baluster Vertical members in a railing used between a top rail and
bottom rail or the stair treads

16. Cast Iron An iron alloy usually including carbon and silicon which
has high compressive strength but low tensile strength

17. Nickel Steel Ferrous metal that offers great resistance to abrassion
and finds important use in the cutting edges of heavy
digging tools

18. Wrought Iron Commercially pure iron of fibrous nature, valued for its
corrosion resistance and ductility

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19. Double Glass Window or door in which two panes of glass are used with
a sealed air space between

20. Fortification The wall of Intramuros

21. 15mm Concrete slab should have a minimum clearance

22. Hybrid Girder Special type of plate girder consisting of tees, angles and
multiple web

23. Cantilever Beam Beam that projects beyond one or both its support

24. Shear Wall Wall (bearing or non-bearing) designed to resist lateral

forces parallel to the wall

25. Gluing/ Pasting Modern method of installing wood parquet flooring on

wooden boards sub-flooring

26. 0.90 m Standard height of window sills for office rooms in upper
floors

27. 24" x 48" x 1/2" Dimension of commercial acoustic boards for aluminum
T-runners used for dropped-ceiling in offices

28. Eaves Horizontal exterior roof overhang

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29. Post-tensioning Structural method used for longer span/ interval of

columns

30. Building paper Humidification and condensation in exterior walls are min-
sheathing and imized by providing:
space filled

31. Area Wells Corrugated metal or concrete barrier walls installed

around a basement window to hold back the earth

32. One-Way Slab Type of slab when the ratio of short span to the long span
of a slab is less than 0.50

33. Felt Tar paper. Installed under the roof shingles

34. Purlins Longitudinal beams which rest on the top chord and
preferably at the joints of the truss

35. Inflection Point The section of which the moment changes from positive
to negative

36. Batten Narrow strip of wood applied to cover a joint along the
edges of two parallel boards in the same plane

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37. Fish Plate or A wood or plywood piece used to fasten the ends of two
Gusset Plate members together at a butt joint with nails or bolts

38. Post-tensioning The stressing of unbounded tendons after concrete has

cured

39. Beam Blocking The boxing in of covering a joist, beam or girder to give
the appearance of a larger beam

40. Atmospheric Pressure exerted against the underground portion of a

Pressure building created by the presence of water in the soil

41. Bay Window Window which projects outside the main line of a building
and the compartment in which it is located extends to the
floor

42. Control Joints Joint employed to reduce restraint by accommodating

movement of masonry walls

43. Expansion Joint Joint used for adjoining existing building to new building

44. Cold Joint Joint formed when a concrete surface hardens before the
next batch of concrete is placed against it

45. Construction Joint used when vertical and horizontal surface is rein-
Joint forced concrete where concreting was stopped and con-
tinued later

46. Control Joint Joint that is a straight groove which is used on concrete
floors to "control" where the concrete should crack

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47. Lap Seam Joint formed by overlapping the edges of metal sheet or
plated and joining them by riveting, soldering or brazing

48. Flat Paint Interior paint that contains a high proportion of pigment
and dries to a flat/ lusterless finish

49. Trabe-Anzo Filipino term for horizontal stud

50. Soleras Filipino term for floor joist

51. Vaciada Filipino term for rabbet

52. Kusturada Filipino term for plastered course

53. Tirante Filipino term for bottom chord

54. Reostra Filipino term for purlin

55. Alero Filipino term for eave

56. Tahilan Filipino term for top chord

57. Poleva Filipino term for temper (metal work)

58. Hulog Filipino term for plumb line

59. Bolada Filipino term for projection

60. Kilo Filipino term for rafter

61. Rodapis Filipino term for baseboard

62. Asintada Filipino term for alignment

63. Baniera Filipino term for bath tub

64. Pie De Gallo Filipino term for brace

65. Pundido Filipino term for cast iron

66. Filipino term for contractor

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Kontratista
(yeah!)

67. Tubo de Banada Filipino term for downspout

68. Plantilya Filipino term for pattern

69. Paupo Filipino term for mortar

70. Gang Nail Plate A steel plate attached to both sides at each joint of a truss

71. Lightning Climatic factor that is considered in the structural and

architectural design of tall buildings

72. Lath and Plaster Dry walls are customarily finished

73. 1/4 Ø plastic One method of leveling batterboards without the transit is
hose filled w/ wa- the use of
ter

74. 3-4-5 multiples Manual method of squaring the corners of a building lines
with the use of in building layout
steel tape mea-
sure

75. Grain The direction, size, arrangement, appearance, or quality

of the fibers in wood

76. G.I. Sheets The most common materials used for roofing of urban
residential houses

77. Corkboard Block or panel type insulating material used in flat roof of
commercial or industrial building

78. 1 1/2 corr Standard size overlap for corrugated G.I. roofing

79. Chase A continuous recess built into a wall to receive pipes,

ducts, etc.

80. Serpentine

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Building stone of igneous origin and composed of quartz,
hornblende and mica

81. English Bond Form of brick bond which is composed of alternating

courses of headers and stretchers

82. Running Bond Form of brick bond which is composed entirely of stretch-
ers

83. Common Bond / Form of brick bond which is a variation of a running bond
American Bond with a full course of headers at regular intervals

84. Flemish Bond Form of brick bond in which each course is alternately
composed of entirely of headers or of stretchers

85. Heel Cut A notch cut in the end of a rafter to permit it to fit flat on a
wall and on the top, doubled, exterior wall plate

86. Soil Bearing A geological or ground condition considered in determin-

Pressure ing the size and type of foundation of the building

87. Aluminum Foil Materials excellent as vapor barrier in the roofing system
Sheets of residential buildings

88. Reinforced Con- The chief structural materials, used for tall buildings
crete and High
Grade Steel

89. Asbestos-Ce- Material that holds less moisture, is very light, less water
ment Shingles absorptive capacity and is very good in sidings of dwelling
units

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90. Door Jamb The finished frame surrounding a door

91. Knob Bolt A door lock with a spring bolt controlled by one or both
knobs and dead bolt controlled by a key

92. Dutch Door Door consisting of two separate leaves, one above the
other, this leaves may operate independently or together

93. Torsion A twisting force

94. Honey Combs The appearance concrete makes when rocks in the con-
crete are visible and where there are void areas in the
foundation wall, especially around concrete foundation
windows

95. Sheet Piling A barrier or diaphragm formed to prevent the movement

of soil to stabilize foundation

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96. Wood Siding Refers to the term stone-cut

97. AA Standard concrete mix for beams, girders, slabs, stairs

and columns

98. Split-Ring Chord splice connectors for trusses

99. Clamp Nail A specialized fastener used to pull on to hold mitered

joints together

100. Weathered Most waterproofed type of mortar joints for wall

101. Hip Rafter Rafters laid diagonally from corner of a plate or girts to
the ridge

102. Batter Boards The horizontal boards nailed to corner post to assist in the
accurate layout of foundation and excavation lines

103. Composite Col- Columns in which a concrete core is reinforced with a

umn steel or cast-iron core designed to support a part of load

104. Spirit Level Instrument or tool capable of vertical and horizontal line
check

105. Space Frame

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A three-dimensional structural system without bearing
walls composed of interconnected laterally supported so
as to function as a complete self-contained unit with or
without the aids of horizontal diaphragms or floor-bracing
system

106. Keeper The metal latch plate in a door frame into which a door-
knob plunger latches

107. Zinc Chromate The appropriate painting material type for wood surfaces

108. Aluminum Coat- Coating of commercially made corrugated G.I. sheets, ga.
ing 26, having standard corrugation

109. 7 & 6 Wood Wood flooring finishing material

Planks

110. Chalking A common paint film defect where progressive powdering

from the surface inward occurs

111. 24 hours Time required for the removal of a form works of a con-
crete footing

112. Studs Wall partition wooden framing

113. Acrylic Latex The appropriate paint material for G.I. sheet roofing
Paint

114. Acrylic Paint The paint finishing material of long-span pre-painted roof-
ing sheet

115. L Hook Bolt Hardware used to fasten corrugated asbestos cement

roofing sheet on a steel purlin

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116. Staple Wire Hardware used to fasten an asphalt strip roof shingle on
wooden sheets/planks

117. Flat Slab A type of concrete floor which has no beam

118. Level Tool Tool used for guiding and testing the work to a vertical and
horizontal position

119. Steel Square Tool for testing and for framing work

120. Riser Vertical surface on face of a stair step

121. 2 years The complete records of test conduction (slump, com-

pression test, etc.) shall be after completion of the pro-
jects for a period of not less than

122. Collar Beam Nominal 1" - 2" thk members connecting opposite roof
rafters to stiffen the roof structure

123. 2" to 5" Thickness of a wood plank

124. Run Distance from the first to the last riser of a stair flight

125. Portable Hand A high-speed rotary shaping hand power tool used to
Router make smooth cutting and curving on solid wood

126. Aggregate A mixture of sand and stone and a major component of

concrete

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127. Girder The major horizontal supporting member of the floor sys-
tem

128. Nonbearing Wall A wall supporting no load other than its own weight

129. Load Bearing A wall that support weight from above as well as their own
Wall dead weight

130. Retaining Wall A wall that holds back on earth embankment

131. Bearing Wall A wall which supports vertical loads in addition to its
weight without the benefit of a complete vertical load
carrying space frame a complete vertical load carrying
space frame

132. Floating Wall A non-bearing wall built on a concrete floor

133. Shear Wall It is designed to resist lateral forces parallel to the plane
of the wall

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134. Live Load The occupancy load which either partially or fully in place
or may not be present at all

135. Effective Length Distance between inflection point in the column when it
breaks

136. Cement The most important component to determine the strength

of a concrete mix

137. Total Run The total of all the tread widths in a stair

138. Sump Pit A pit in a basement floor made to collect water into which
a pump is placed to pump the liquid to the sewer pipe

139. Prefabrication The pre-construction of components as a part of a whole

140. Skylight An opening in the roof for admitting light

141. Softwood Wood coming out from trees with needle leaves, rather
than broad leaves

142. Firebrick A kind of brick used for high temperature

143. Plaster Ground A nailer strip incorporated in rough concrete wall to be

plastered to act as guide and support for finish trim
around openings and near the base of the wall

144. Span Distance between two structural supports

145. Xylem Scientific name for wood

146. Muntin A small member which divides the glass or openings of

sash or doors

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147. Hip Roof Roof that has four sloping sides

148. Rip-rap Stone placed on a slope to prevent erosion

149. Moat A tough used for carrying off water

150. Stripping The process of removing concrete forms from the cured
concrete

151. Purlin A structural member spanning from truss-to-truss or sup-

porting rafters

152. Anchor Bolt A threaded steel bent inserted of masonry construction

for securing wood or metal plates to concrete construction

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153. Lintel A horizontal piece of wood, stone, steel or concrete
across the top of door or window opening to bear the
weight of the walls above the opening

154. Glazing The placing of glass in windows or doors

155. Banister Another word for handmill on a stair construction

156. Lap Joint A joint produced by lapping two pieces of materials

157. Butt Hinge The most common type of hinge where one leaf attaches
to the door's edge, the other to its jamb

158. Green Lumber Lumber that still contains moisture or sap

159. Valley The internal angle formed by the two roof slopes of a roof

160. Facia A vertical board attached on the ends of the rafters

161. Spike nail A large heavy nail

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162. Caisson Underwater watertight chamber to allow construction

work to be done

163. Smooth on four Lumber specification S4S

sides

164. Chord The term used to indicate top and lower principal member
of a roof or bridge truss

165. Wood Saddle Strips of hardwood, usually 2x2" laid over a concrete slab
floor

166. 45 Miter square is a guiding and testing tool that has a

permanent blade set

167. Latch A beveled metal tongue operated by a spring-loaded knob

or lever

168. Common Wall A wall that serves two (2) dwelling units, known also as
party wall

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169. Escutcheon The hardware on a door to accommodate the knob and
lockset keyhole

170. Flashing The material used for the process of making watertight
the roof intersection and other exposed areas on the
exterior of a building

171. Lookout A short wood bracket or cantilever that supports an over-

hang portion of a roof

172. Formworks The term to describe the putting up of the skeleton of the
building

173. Keystone Wedge-shaped stone of an arch

174. Kalomein Door Fireproof door with metal covering

175. Corbel The triangular, decorative and supporting member that

holds a mantel or horizontal shelf

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176. Milled Lumber Lumber that is not squared or finished

177. Foundation Bolt A round steel bolt embedded in concrete or masonry use
to hold down machinery, steel columns or beams, casting,
shoes, beams plates and engine heads

178. Velvet Simplest type of fiber carpet weaving where pile forms
as the wrap yarns loop over removable "wires" inserted
consecutively across the loom

179. Scratch Coat A pretreatment of poured concrete such as walls beams

and columns where a thin layer of lean cement grout
mixed with flexible base additives is splattered by tampico
brush or masonry spoon to the surface to give a "tooth"
for excellent plaster adhesion

180. Polyurethane A special coating system with a high gloss shine while
Floor Coating maintaining the natural wood qualities, maintenance free,
used to finish and topcoat wood flooring

181. Scarf A type of wood end joint where both wood are cut at equal
angles diagonally

182. Standard Terazzo A type of terazzo floor described by its physical appear-
ance whereby the stone or pebble is intentionally exposed
while the cement matrix is depressed

183. Outrigger An extension of a rafter beyond the wall line

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184. Pivoted Window A type of window where the ventilating sash rotates 90
degrees to 180 degrees about the header and sill or about
the side jamb

185. Caulking Used to fill a joint with mastic or asphalt plastic cement to
prevent leaks

186. Rabbet Type of joint is used to install a glass into a lite of a French
window

187. Masonry Neutral- Water-mixed productwith a ratio of 1:20 to stabilize lime

izer activity in new masonry surface

188. Notch A crosswise groove at the end of a board

189. Figured Wired Shutter proof opaque glass used to construct a door with
Glass glass to allow natural light only

190. Grading
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The act of excavating or filling of earth or any sound ma-
terial or combination thereof, in preparation for a finishing
surface such as paving

191. Monopost Adjustable metal column used to support a beam or bear-

ing point

192. Ceiling Joist or One of a series of parallel framing members used to sup-
Roof Joist port ceiling loads and supported in turn by larger beams,
girders or bearing walls

193. Vigan Tiles A floor finish commercially size 1" x 12" x 12" utilizing
clay and fired in traditional manner making interesting and
attractive rustic clay shade patterns

194. Tendon Steel element such as wire, cable, bar, rod or strand, or
a bundle of such elements, used to impart prestress to
concrete

195. Cap The upper member of a column, pilaster, door cornice,

molding, or fireplace

196. Apron A trim board that is installed beneath a window sill

197. Boardfoot A unit of measure for lumber equal to 1 inch thick by 12

inches wide by 12 inches long

198. Casement Frames of wood or metal enclosing part (or all) of a

window sash

199. Backfill The replacement of excavated earth into a trench around

or against a basement or crawl space foundationwall

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200. Backing Frame lumber installed between the wall studs to give
additional support for drywall or an interior trim related
item, such as handrail brackets, cabinets, and towel bars

201. Casement Win- Window with hinges on one of the vertical sides and
dow swings open like a normal door

202. Barge Horizontal beam rafter that supports shorter rafters

203. Bay Window Window space projecting outward from the walls of a
building

204. Laminating Bonding together two or more layers of materials

205. Mudsill Bottom horizontal member of an exterior wall frame which

rests on top a foundation, sometimes called sill plate

206. Pilot Hole Small-diameter, pre-drilled hole that guides a nail or

screw

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207. Rim Joist A joist that runs around the perimeter of the floor joists
and home

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