BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

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1. Cross Tee Short metal "T" beam used in suspended ceiling 7. Dampproofing
systems to bridge the spaces between the main
beams
2. Pantile Roofing tile which has the shape of an "S" laid on
its side
3. SAD Clay roofing tile approximately semi cylindrical
in shape laid in courses with units having their
convex side alternately up and down
4. Dado

Black, tar like waterproofing material

applied to the exterior of a foundation wall
8. Balloon
Framing

Groove cut into a board or panel intended to

receive the edge of a connecting board
5. Foundation Part of the building foundation which forms the
Wall permanent retaining wall of the structure below
grade
6. Grade
Beam

System of framing a building in which the

9.
10.
Part of a foundation system which supports the
exterior walls of a superstructure and bears
directly on the column footing
studs are continuous to roof supporting
second floor joints
Western System of framing a building on which floor
Framing joists of each storey rest on the top plates of
the storey below and the bearing walls and
partitions rest on the subfloor of each storey
Dead Bolt

An exterior security lock installed on exterior

entry doors that can be activated only with a
key or thumb-turn
11. Tryolean Rough plaster finish obtained by flinging plaster 18. Wrought
Finish on a wall with a hand operated machine Iron
12. Chord

Principal member of the truss which extends from

one end to the other primarily to resist bending
13. Alloy

Commercially pure iron of fibrous nature,

valued for its corrosion resistance and ductility
19. Double Window or door in which two panes of glass
Glass are used with a sealed air space between
20. Fortification The wall of Intramuros
Composition of two or more metals fused 21. 15mm Concrete slab should have a minimum
together usually to obtain a desired property clearance
14. Backset Horizontal distance from the face of a lock or 22. Hybrid Special type of plate girder consisting of tees,
latch to the center of the knob or lock cylinder Girder angles and multiple web
15. Baluster 23. Cantilever
Beam

Vertical members in a railing used between a top

rail and bottom rail or the stair treads Beam that projects beyond one or both its
16. Cast An iron alloy usually including carbon and silicon support
Iron which has high compressive strength but low 24. Shear Wall
tensile strength
17. Nickel
Steel

Ferrous metal that offers great resistance to Wall (bearing or non-bearing) designed to
abrassion and finds important use in the cutting resist lateral forces parallel to the wall
edges of heavy digging tools 25. Gluing/ Modern method of installing wood parquet
Pasting flooring on wooden boards sub-flooring
26. 0.90 m Standard height of window sills for office 36. Batten
rooms in upper floors
27. 24" x 48" x 1/2" Dimension of commercial acoustic boards
for aluminum T-runners used for dropped-
ceiling in offices
28. Eaves

Narrow strip of wood applied to cover a joint

along the edges of two parallel boards in the
same plane

Horizontal exterior roof overhang 37. Fish Plate or A wood or plywood piece used to fasten the
Gusset ends of two members together at a butt joint
29. Post-tensioning Structural method used for longer span/
Plate with nails or bolts
interval of columns
38. Post- The stressing of unbounded tendons after
30. Building paper Humidification and condensation in
tensioning concrete has cured
sheathing and exterior walls are minimized by providing:
space filled 39. Beam The boxing in of covering a joist, beam or
Blocking girder to give the appearance of a larger
31. Area Wells Corrugated metal or concrete barrier
beam
walls installed around a basement
window to hold back the earth 40. Atmospheric
Pressure
32. One-Way Slab Type of slab when the ratio of short span
to the long span of a slab is less than
0.50
33. Felt Tar paper. Installed under the roof
shingles
34. Purlins Longitudinal beams which rest on the top
chord and preferably at the joints of the
truss
Pressure exerted against the underground
35. Inflection Point
portion of a building created by the presence
of water in the soil
41. Bay Window

The section of which the moment changes

from positive to negative Window which projects outside the main line
of a building and the compartment in which it
is located extends to the floor
42. Control Joint employed to reduce restraint by
Joints accommodating movement of masonry walls
43. Expansion Joint used for adjoining existing building to
Joint new building
44. Cold Joint Joint formed when a concrete surface hardens
before the next batch of concrete is placed
against it
45. Construction Joint used when vertical and horizontal 74. 3-4-5 multiples Manual method of squaring the corners
Joint surface is reinforced concrete where with the use of of a building lines in building layout
concreting was stopped and continued later steel tape
measure
46. Control Joint that is a straight groove which is used on
Joint concrete floors to "control" where the concrete 75. Grain The direction, size, arrangement,
should crack appearance, or quality of the fibers in
wood
47. Lap Seam Joint formed by overlapping the edges of
metal sheet or plated and joining them by 76. G.I. Sheets The most common materials used for
riveting, soldering or brazing roofing of urban residential houses
48. Flat Paint Interior paint that contains a high proportion 77. Corkboard Block or panel type insulating material
of pigment and dries to a flat/ lusterless finish used in flat roof of commercial or
industrial building
49. Trabe-Anzo Filipino term for horizontal stud
78. 1 1/2 corr Standard size overlap for corrugated
50. Soleras Filipino term for floor joist
G.I. roofing
51. Vaciada Filipino term for rabbet
79. Chase A continuous recess built into a wall to
52. Kusturada Filipino term for plastered course receive pipes, ducts, etc.
53. Tirante Filipino term for bottom chord 80. Serpentine Building stone of igneous origin and
54. Reostra Filipino term for purlin composed of quartz, hornblende and
mica
55. Alero Filipino term for eave
81. English Bond Form of brick bond which is composed
56. Tahilan Filipino term for top chord
of alternating courses of headers and
57. Poleva Filipino term for temper (metal work) stretchers
58. Hulog Filipino term for plumb line 82. Running Bond Form of brick bond which is composed
59. Bolada Filipino term for projection entirely of stretchers

60. Kilo Filipino term for rafter 83. Common Bond / Form of brick bond which is a variation
American Bond of a running bond with a full course of
61. Rodapis Filipino term for baseboard headers at regular intervals
62. Asintada Filipino term for alignment 84. Flemish Bond
63. Baniera Filipino term for bath tub
64. Pie De Gallo Filipino term for brace
65. Pundido Filipino term for cast iron
66. Kontratista Filipino term for contractor
(yeah!)
67. Tubo de Filipino term for downspout Form of brick bond in which each
Banada course is alternately composed of
entirely of headers or of stretchers
68. Plantilya Filipino term for pattern
85. Heel Cut A notch cut in the end of a rafter to
69. Paupo Filipino term for mortar permit it to fit flat on a wall and on the
70. Gang Nail A steel plate attached to both sides at each top, doubled, exterior wall plate
Plate joint of a truss 86. Soil Bearing A geological or ground condition
71. Lightning Climatic factor that is considered in the Pressure considered in determining the size and
structural and architectural design of tall type of foundation of the building
buildings 87. Aluminum Foil Materials excellent as vapor barrier in
72. Lath and Dry walls are customarily finished Sheets the roofing system of residential
Plaster buildings

73. 1/4 Ø plastic One method of leveling batterboards without 88. Reinforced The chief structural materials, used for
hose filled the transit is the use of Concrete and tall buildings
w/ water High Grade Steel
89. Asbestos- 94. Honey
Cement Combs
Shingles

Material that holds less moisture, is very light, The appearance concrete makes when rocks in
less water absorptive capacity and is very good the concrete are visible and where there are
in sidings of dwelling units void areas in the foundation wall, especially
around concrete foundation windows
90. Door The finished frame surrounding a door
Jamb 95. Sheet
Piling
91. Knob Bolt A door lock with a spring bolt controlled by
one or both knobs and dead bolt controlled by
a key
92. Dutch
Door

A barrier or diaphragm formed to prevent the

movement of soil to stabilize foundation
96. Wood Refers to the term stone-cut
Siding
97. AA Standard concrete mix for beams, girders,
slabs, stairs and columns
98. Split-Ring Chord splice connectors for trusses
Door consisting of two separate leaves, one 99. Clamp Nail A specialized fastener used to pull on to hold
above the other, this leaves may operate mitered joints together
independently or together
100. Weathered Most waterproofed type of mortar joints for
93. Torsion wall
101. Hip Rafter Rafters laid diagonally from corner of a plate
or girts to the ridge
102. Batter
Boards

A twisting force
The horizontal boards nailed to corner post to
assist in the accurate layout of foundation and
excavation lines
103. Composite Columns in which a concrete core is reinforced 113. Acrylic The appropriate paint material for G.I. sheet
Column with a steel or cast-iron core designed to Latex Paint roofing
support a part of load
114. Acrylic The paint finishing material of long-span pre-
104. Spirit Paint painted roofing sheet
Level
115. L Hook Hardware used to fasten corrugated asbestos
Bolt cement roofing sheet on a steel purlin
116. Staple
Wire

Instrument or tool capable of vertical and

horizontal line check
105. Space A three-dimensional structural system without
Frame bearing walls composed of interconnected
Hardware used to fasten an asphalt strip roof
laterally supported so as to function as a
shingle on wooden sheets/planks
complete self-contained unit with or without the
aids of horizontal diaphragms or floor-bracing 117. Flat Slab
system
106. Keeper The metal latch plate in a door frame into which
a doorknob plunger latches
107. Zinc
Chromate

A type of concrete floor which has no beam

118. Level Tool Tool used for guiding and testing the work to a
vertical and horizontal position
119. Steel Tool for testing and for framing work
Square
120. Riser Vertical surface on face of a stair step
121. 2 years The complete records of test conduction
The appropriate painting material type for (slump, compression test, etc.) shall be after
wood surfaces completion of the projects for a period of not
less than
108. Aluminum Coating of commercially made corrugated G.I.
Coating sheets, ga. 26, having standard corrugation 122. Collar Nominal 1" - 2" thk members connecting
Beam opposite roof rafters to stiffen the roof structure
109. 7&6 Wood flooring finishing material
Wood 123. 2" to 5" Thickness of a wood plank
Planks
124. Run Distance from the first to the last riser of a stair
110. Chalking A common paint film defect where progressive flight
powdering from the surface inward occurs
125. Portable A high-speed rotary shaping hand power tool
111. 24 hours Time required for the removal of a form works Hand used to make smooth cutting and curving on
of a concrete footing Router solid wood
112. Studs Wall partition wooden framing 126. Aggregate A mixture of sand and stone and a major
component of concrete
127. Girder 133. Shear Wall

The major horizontal supporting member of

the floor system
128. Nonbearing A wall supporting no load other than its own
Wall weight It is designed to resist lateral forces parallel
to the plane of the wall
129. Load A wall that support weight from above as well
Bearing as their own dead weight 134. Live Load The occupancy load which either partially
Wall or fully in place or may not be present at all

130. Retaining 135. Effective Distance between inflection point in the

Wall Length column when it breaks
136. Cement The most important component to
determine the strength of a concrete mix
137. Total Run The total of all the tread widths in a stair
138. Sump Pit A pit in a basement floor made to collect
water into which a pump is placed to pump
the liquid to the sewer pipe
A wall that holds back on earth embankment
139. Prefabrication
131. Bearing A wall which supports vertical loads in
Wall addition to its weight without the benefit of a
complete vertical load carrying space frame a
complete vertical load carrying space frame
132. Floating
Wall

The pre-construction of components as a

part of a whole
140. Skylight An opening in the roof for admitting light
141. Softwood Wood coming out from trees with needle
leaves, rather than broad leaves

A non-bearing wall built on a concrete floor 142. Firebrick A kind of brick used for high temperature
143. Plaster A nailer strip incorporated in rough concrete
Ground wall to be plastered to act as guide and
support for finish trim around openings and
near the base of the wall
144. Span Distance between two structural supports
145. Xylem Scientific name for wood
146. Muntin 152. Anchor
Bolt

A threaded steel bent inserted of masonry

construction for securing wood or metal plates to
A small member which divides the glass or concrete construction
openings of sash or doors
153. Lintel
147. Hip Roof

Roof that has four sloping sides A horizontal piece of wood, stone, steel or
concrete across the top of door or window
148. Rip-rap Stone placed on a slope to prevent erosion
opening to bear the weight of the walls above the
149. Moat opening
154. Glazing The placing of glass in windows or doors
155. Banister

A tough used for carrying off water

150. Stripping The process of removing concrete forms from the
cured concrete
151. Purlin A structural member spanning from truss-to-truss
or supporting rafters

Another word for handmill on a stair construction

156. Lap
Joint

A joint produced by lapping two pieces of

materials
157. Butt The most common type of hinge where one leaf 167. Latch
Hinge attaches to the door's edge, the other to its
jamb
158. Green Lumber that still contains moisture or sap
Lumber
159. Valley The internal angle formed by the two roof
slopes of a roof
160. Facia A vertical board attached on the ends of the
rafters
161. Spike nail
A beveled metal tongue operated by a spring-
loaded knob or lever
168. Common A wall that serves two (2) dwelling units,
Wall known also as party wall
169. Escutcheon The hardware on a door to accommodate the
knob and lockset keyhole
170. Flashing The material used for the process of making
watertight the roof intersection and other
exposed areas on the exterior of a building
171. Lookout A short wood bracket or cantilever that
supports an overhang portion of a roof
A large heavy nail 172. Formworks
162. Caisson

Underwater watertight chamber to allow

construction work to be done The term to describe the putting up of the
skeleton of the building
163. Smooth Lumber specification S4S
on four 173. Keystone
sides
164. Chord The term used to indicate top and lower
principal member of a roof or bridge truss
165. Wood Strips of hardwood, usually 2x2" laid over a
Saddle concrete slab floor
166. 45 Miter square is a guiding and testing tool that
has a permanent blade set

Wedge-shaped stone of an arch

174. Kalomein Fireproof door with metal covering 179. Scratch Coat
Door
175. Corbel

A pretreatment of poured concrete such as

walls beams and columns where a thin layer
of lean cement grout mixed with flexible
base additives is splattered by tampico
brush or masonry spoon to the surface to
give a "tooth" for excellent plaster adhesion

The triangular, decorative and supporting 180. Polyurethane A special coating system with a high gloss
member that holds a mantel or horizontal shelf Floor shine while maintaining the natural wood
Coating qualities, maintenance free, used to finish and
176. Milled Lumber that is not squared or finished topcoat wood flooring
Lumber
181. Scarf A type of wood end joint where both wood
177. Foundation are cut at equal angles diagonally
Bolt
182. Standard A type of terazzo floor described by its
Terazzo physical appearance whereby the stone or
pebble is intentionally exposed while the
cement matrix is depressed
183. Outrigger An extension of a rafter beyond the wall line
184. Pivoted
Window

A round steel bolt embedded in concrete or

masonry use to hold down machinery, steel
columns or beams, casting, shoes, beams A type of window where the ventilating sash
plates and engine heads rotates 90 degrees to 180 degrees about the
header and sill or about the side jamb
178. Velvet Simplest type of fiber carpet weaving where
pile forms as the wrap yarns loop over 185. Caulking
removable "wires" inserted consecutively
across the loom

Used to fill a joint with mastic or asphalt

plastic cement to prevent leaks
186. Rabbet 198. Casement

Type of joint is used to install a glass into a lite Frames of wood or metal enclosing part (or all)
of a French window of a window sash
187. Masonry Water-mixed productwith a ratio of 1:20 to 199. Backfill
Neutralizer stabilize lime activity in new masonry surface
188. Notch A crosswise groove at the end of a board
189. Figured Shutter proof opaque glass used to construct a
Wired door with glass to allow natural light only
Glass
190. Grading The act of excavating or filling of earth or any
sound material or combination thereof, in
preparation for a finishing surface such as
paving
191. Monopost Adjustable metal column used to support a
beam or bearing point
The replacement of excavated earth into a
192. Ceiling One of a series of parallel framing members
trench around or against a basement or crawl
Joist or used to support ceiling loads and supported in
space foundationwall
Roof Joist turn by larger beams, girders or bearing walls
200. Backing Frame lumber installed between the wall studs
193. Vigan Tiles A floor finish commercially size 1" x 12" x 12"
to give additional support for drywall or an
utilizing clay and fired in traditional manner
interior trim related item, such as handrail
making interesting and attractive rustic clay
brackets, cabinets, and towel bars
shade patterns
201. Casement
194. Tendon Steel element such as wire, cable, bar, rod or
Window
strand, or a bundle of such elements, used to
impart prestress to concrete
195. Cap The upper member of a column, pilaster, door
cornice, molding, or fireplace
196. Apron A trim board that is installed beneath a window
sill
197. Boardfoot A unit of measure for lumber equal to 1 inch
thick by 12 inches wide by 12 inches long

Window with hinges on one of the vertical sides

and swings open like a normal door
202. Barge Horizontal beam rafter that supports shorter rafters
203. Bay Window Window space projecting outward from the walls of a building
204. Laminating Bonding together two or more layers of materials
205. Mudsill

Bottom horizontal member of an exterior wall frame which rests on top a foundation, sometimes called sill plate
206. Pilot Hole

Small-diameter, pre-drilled hole that guides a nail or screw

207. Rim Joist

A joist that runs around the perimeter of the floor joists and home