Finsihing after guessing, ft: geometry

Pranav Choudhary
October 3, 2022

In this lecture we will be doing a few problems which involve guessing the geometrical
properties in the configuration. Sometimes in question, the things you are asked to
prove have other nice synthetic properties. Noticing them helps a lot in solving the
question. It’s not necessary that it revolves around the well-known configurations to
have nice synthetic properties. We will be seeing questions which do not involve those
configurations that much.

§1 Problems
Problem 1.1 (USA EGMO TST 2020 P4). Let ABC be a triangle. Distinct points D, E,
and F lie on sides BC, AC, and AB, respectively, such that quadrilaterals ABDE and
ACDF are cyclic. Line AD meets the circumcircle of △ ABC again at P. Let Q denote the
reflection of P across BC. Show that Q lies on the circumcircle of △ AEF.

Problem 1.2 (APMO 2022 P2). Let ABC be a right triangle with ∠ B = 90. Point D is lies
on the line CB such that B is between D and C. Let E be the midpoint of AD and let F
be the second intersection point of the circumcircle of △ ACD and the circumcircle of
triangle △ BDE. Prove that as D varies, the line EF passes through a fixed point.

Problem 1.3 (CAMO 2020 P3). Let ABC be a triangle with incircle ω, and let ω touch
BC, CA, AB at D, E, F, respectively. Point M is the midpoint of EF, and T is the point on
ω such that DT is a diameter. Line MT meets the line through A parallel to BC at P and
ω again at Q. Lines DF and DE intersect line AP at X and Y respectively. Prove that the
circumcircles of △ APQ and △ DXY are tangent.

Problem 1.4 (Iran TST 2017 P5). Let ABC be a triangle. Points P, Q lie on side BC such
that BP = CQ and P lies between B and Q. The circumcircle of triangle APQ intersects
sides AB and AC again at E and F respectively. Point T is the intersection of lines EP
and FQ. The two lines passing through the midpoint of BC and parallel to AB and AC
intersect lines EP and FQ at points X, Y respectively. Prove that the circumcircles of
triangle TXY and triangle APQ are tangent to each other.

Problem 1.5 (HMMT 2017 T10). Let LBC be a fixed triangle with LB = LC, and let A be
a variable point on arc LB of its circumcircle. Let I be the incenter of △ ABC and AK the
altitude from A. The circumcircle of △ IKL intersects lines KA and BC again at U ̸= K
and V ̸= K. Finally, let T be the projection of I onto line UV. Prove that the line through
T and the midpoint of IK passes through a fixed point as A varies.

Problem 1.6 (USA TST 2006 P2). Let ABC be an acute triangle with altitudes AD, BE,
CF concurrent at the orthocenter H. A circle γ centered at S passing through A and H

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Pranav Choudhary (October 3, 2022) Finsihing after guessing, ft: geometry

meets sides AB and AC again at points P and Q. Given that the circumcircle of △SPQ
is tangent to BC at R, prove that
BR DF
= .
CR DE
Problem 1.7 (China TST 2018 D2 P1). Let ABC be a given triangle. The variable points
D, E, F, respectively on sides BC, AC, AB, satisfy CD = BF and BD = CE. Point P is
defined as the second intersection of ( BFD ) and (CED ). Prove that point P lies on a
fixed circle.