Republic of the Philippines

Department of Tourism

Developing a Tourism Code

A Toolkit for Local Government Units

Series of 2020

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 3

4 Department of Tourism
 Table of Contents

Acknowledgement 7

Abbreviations and Acronyms 8

Glossary of Technical Terms Used in the Manual 9

Introduction 10

Purpose of this toolkit 10

How to use this toolkit 10

I. What is a tourism code? 11

II. What are the benefits of codifying tourism ordinances? 12

III. What are the parts and contents of a tourism code? 13

IV. What are the steps in developing a tourism code? 18

4.1 Preparing to Codify 19

4.1.1 Form the Codification Team 19

4.1.2 Develop a Work Plan 21

4.2 Formulating the Code 22

4.2.1 STEP 1: Gather and organize 22

4.2.2 STEP 2: Inventory tourism-related ordinances and rules 23

4.2.3 STEP 3: Classify and group ordinances 25

4.2.4 STEP 4: Write the draft code 26

4.2.5 STEP 5: Review and Revise 26

4.2.6 STEP 6: Supplement 28

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 5

Table of Contents

4.3. Enacting the Code 29

4.3.1 First Reading, Committee Meetings and Reporting 29

4.3.2 Second Reading 30

4.3.3 Third and Final Reading 30

4.3.4 LCE Approval 30

4.4 Post Enactment 30

4.4.1 Transmittal and Review of Higher Sanggunian 30

4.4.2 Publication of Approved Code 31

4.4.3 Effectivity 31

4.4.4 Popularization and Dissemination 31

V. What are the characteristics of a good tourism code? 31

References 32

Annex A: Templates and Forms 33

Template 1: Executive Order Creating the Tourism Codification Team 33

Form 1: Work Plan Form 34

Form 2: Inventory of Tourism-related Issuances and Ordinances 35

Form 3: Classification of Tourism Ordinances 35

Documentation (Pictures) 36

6 Department of Tourism
 Acknowledgement

The Department of Tourism (DOT) would like to acknowledge the participation and invaluable
contribution of every representatives from the national government agencies, local government units,
private sector associations, academe, and other relevant organizations in the fruitful conduct of interviews,
focus group discussions, pilot testing activities and consultations.

The DOT would like to extend its sincerest gratitude and appreciation to the members of the DOT operating
units and its regional offices who are instrumental in developing and crafting this “Development of a
Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units”, particularly the Office of the Tourism Development
Planning, Research and Information Management (OTDPRIM) through the Policy Formulation and
International Cooperation Division (PFICD).

Project Management Team

Head: Mr. Warner M. Andrada, OIC-Director, OTDPRIM
Co-Head: Mr. Alex M. Macatuno, Chief, PFICD

Project Officers:
Ms. Mylene D. Talana, PFICD
Mr. Kim Benedict B. Vito, PFICD

Contributors and Facilitators:

Ms. Jem Micaiah M. Turla, PFICD
Mr. Jaime Victor V. Bayhonan, PFICD
Ms. Rochelle Ann C. Eneria, PFICD
Ms. Alexandra B. Tobias, PFICD

Writers/Consultants
Ms. Julie Catherine D. Paran, M.D.
Mr. Roberto Cereno
Ms. Khristine Hope Pujanes

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 7

Abbreviations and Acronyms

ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations

BCE Before Common Era
BFP Bureau of Fire Protection
CDRRMC City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
DOT Department of Tourism
DRR Disaster Risk Reduction
EO Executive Order
IP Indigenous People
LCE Local Chief Executive
LEIPO Local Economic and Investment Promotion Office
LGPMS Local Governance Performance Management System
LGU Local Government Unit
LO Legal Officer
LPDC Local Planning and Development Coordinator
MICE Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibitions
NGA National Government Agency
NGO Non-government Organization
OTDPRIM Office of the Tourism Development Planning, Research and
Information Management
PFICD Policy Formulation and International Cooperation Division
PHP Philippine Peso
PNP Philippine National Police
RA Republic Act
RIA Regulatory Impact Assessment
Ser Series
SP Sangguniang Panlalawigan/Panglunsod/Pambayan
TC Tourism Council
TO Tourism Officer
TODA Tricycle Operators and Drivers’ Association
TWG Technical Working Group
UNWTO World Tourism Organization

8 Department of Tourism
 Definition of Terms

Code A collection of laws, rules or regulations that are systematically

arranged
Codification A joint effort of the executive and legislative branches of the
Local Government Unit in the systematic process of collecting,
inventorying and classifying legislation by subject of law of practice,
revising, supplementing and consolidating provisions to efficiently
and effectively inform the public through an enactment of its end
product – a code
Digest A compilation
General Ordinance An ordinance enacted by a Sanggunian in the exercise of its police
power whose primary purpose is the general welfare of the people
by prescribing regulatory measures
Obsolete Ordinance which have lost their efficacy
Ordinance A law or rule made by a local government unit such as a province,
city, municipality or barangay that prescribes rules of conduct
Penal Punishments and penalties given by the ordinance
Regulatory Assessment of the impacts of a regulation with proper
methodology, including cost-benefit analysis and stakeholder
consultation to ensure that the regulation is effective and efficient
in achieving policy objectives while minimizing negative effects on
stakeholders affected
Series Sequence
Supplementation The addition of an extra element
Systematic Orderly
Toolkit A set of tools designed to be used together or for a particular
purpose
Tourism Comprises the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places
outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive
year for leisure, business and other purposes
Tourism Code A systematic collection of rules, regulations and ordinances on
tourism of a local government unit that are arranged in an orderly
manner
Veto Right to reject a decision or proposal made by the Sanggunian
Viewsheds Areas of particular scenic or historic value that are considered
worthy of preservation against development or other change
Vista A view from a high position

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 9

Introduction

Purpose of this toolkit

This toolkit provides local government
units (LGU) with the simplest, fastest and least
expensive way to develop their tourism codes.
This toolkit has been prepared primarily as an
instructional and reference guide for LGUs in
preparing, drafting, adopting and updating
a tourism code that is legally defensible
and easily understood by local government
elected officials, employees and the general
public.
The toolkit provides comprehensive
instructions, timelines, templates and a set of
tools that can help LGUs develop a tourism
code that is reflective of the needs and
circumstances of tourism in their localities and
contribute to creating a business – friendly
environment.
In view of recent developments, this toolkit
starts from the perspective of how the tourism
code can be made more business – and
stakeholder – friendly, where ordinances, rules
and regulations are transparent, consistent,
accurate and unnecessary and outdated rules
are removed. Presently, the emphasis is being
placed on business-friendly, citizen-centric,
transparent and corruption-free governance.
Therefore, it has become prudent to introduce
a toolkit that will help LGUs formulate and
amend tourism codes that are attuned to
best practice and help review, streamline and
revise existing regulations, tourism-related
processes and requirements.
The Department of Tourism (DOT)
introduced the Regulatory Impact Assessment
(RIA) to promote the development of
regulations that follow best practice principles
that shape better regulations for people and
businesses. RIA results in the improvement
of the quality of new regulations to promote
1) transparency, rigor, and consistency in
the development and application of rules
and regulations; and 2) removal or revision
of unnecessary and excessive rules and
regulations (DOT, 2014).
How to use this toolkit
This toolkit is a basic guide – the local
government unit (LGU) can modify the
process to suit their local circumstances and
requirements. To help the LGU, the following
are provided:
1. A Glossary of Technical Terms Used in the
Toolkit which contains an alphabetized
list of specialized terms with their
definitions;
2. Short discussions on key concepts to
help users understand and appreciate
what they are doing and why they are
doing the code;
3. Templates and tools for each of the steps
in the process. The LGU can opt to revise
and refine them to suit their needs;
4. Boxed examples and tips to help you
understand the concepts being discussed;
5. Actual experiences are also included
to show how different LGUs have done
their local tourism codes; and
Links to websites that provide new
developments and best practices on
tourism (e.g. http://tourism4sdgs.org/).
Throughout this toolkit, we refer to
the word document. This refers to the
tourism code that is being developed.

10 Department of Tourism
 The Code of
Hammurabi

The Hammurabi code is a collection of

282 rules, which established standards
for commercial interactions and set
fines and punishments to meet the
requirements of justice.

I. What is a tourism code? for relevance, repetitious and unnecessary

Codes existed as early as the 1700 BCE.
One of the earliest known codes was the Code
of Hammurabi, proclaimed by the Babylonian
King Hammurabi, who reigned from 1792 to
1750 BCE. The Hammurabi code is a collection
of 282 rules, which established standards
for commercial interactions and set fines
and punishments to meet the requirements
of justice.1 Hammurabi recognized that, to
achieve results, he needed a unified set of laws
for all of the diverse peoples he conquered.
Therefore, he sent legal experts throughout
his kingdom to gather existing laws. These
laws were reviewed, and some were changed
or eliminated before they were compiled into
the final list of 282 laws.2
provisions are removed, new provisions are
added, and provisions restated to effectively
and efficiently inform the public of acceptable
and unacceptable behavior. Once adopted by
the Sanggunian, the tourism code, will contain
a complete list of all ordinances of the local
government for proper enforcement.
A tourism code is an ordinance that
exhaustively covers a complete system of
laws on the subject. An ordinance regulates
the way in which things are done or should
be done by tourists and other tourism
stakeholders in order to attain their tourism
goals and objectives and maintain order.5 A
tourism code can also be called consolidated
laws on tourism.

A tourism code has been defined as a A tourism code is an ordinance that

systematic collection of rules, regulations and
ordinances of a local government unit (LGU)
that are arranged in an orderly manner.3
These include executive orders, ordinances
and standards on tourism. Tourism codes are
more than a digest or compilation of rules
and regulations into a compact form.4
Rather, it covers a coherent system of rules
and regulations where ordinances are reviewed
contributes to the achievement of the tourism
goals and objectives of the LGU. LGUs must
focus their attention on sustainability and
be mindful of the three key components
of the sustainability: people, profit, and
planet. Tourism needs to benefit the host
communities of tourism attractions and help
create local jobs and empower businesses.
Codes may address a wide variety of tourism
issues in the locality.

References: 3
Adapted from GTZ, 2009; USLegal, 1997-2016
1
History.com editors, 2018 4
Gahan, 1922
2
ushistory.org, 2019
5
Laws.Africa

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 11

To wit:
• Unbridled development in tourism
attractions;
• Host communities are not benefitting
from tourism;
• Limited jobs due to tourism activity;
• Loss of biodiversity and degraded
ecosystems; and
• Limited LGU tax revenue from tourism.
For cities like Iloilo city, the tourism code
included ordinances and allied subjects
for ease of access and dissemination of
information on tourist related matters.
II. What are the benefits of codifying
tourism ordinances?
Local governments accumulate ordinances
and rules through the years. With so many
regulations, both local governments and
stakeholders can’t keep up. Many of these
ordinances become obsolete, unmodified
and unsystematic. Others are duplicative and
conflicting with one another. Additionally,
some are difficult to comply with. And
because these ordinances and rules are found
in different offices, they become inaccessible
to the public even with current computer
technologies.
Tourism codes can promote good and
transparent governance. The process of
formulating the code has the potential
to improve the overall quality of the
tourism ordinance. Codification provides
an opportunity for the LGU and other
stakeholders to review, revise and supplement
existing ordinances and rules to make them
more relevant and responsive to stakeholders.
If done properly, the code can provide
important benefits. There are various reasons
why it is important to codify. A tourism code
can fulfill the following objectives:
12 Department of Tourism
1. Allows LGUs to keep up with the ever-
changing trends. Situations change
through the years, making some ordinances
obsolete. Codification can shape better
and more responsive ordinances. It can
make the tourism ordinance up to date
and relevant;
2. Makes legislation more compact.
Voluminous legislation can discourage
users and tourism codes can make
life easier for everyone. Removal of
redundant provisions and revision of
unnecessary and excessive rules and
regulations; Coherence and consistency is
improved and duplication, conflicting and
contradictory provisions are eliminated;
3. Improves accessibility to enforcers
and the public. Ordinances should be
easily accessible for the law enforcer,
stakeholders and the general population.
Ordinances should be available to its users
when needed. Consolidating all related
rules and regulations into one document
from various offices makes it convenient
for users;
4. Lessens confusion and misinterpretation.
Codification can make the ordinance’s
language simpler and easier for the
general public to understand and follow.
“If you have 10,000 regulations,
you destroy all respect for the
law.”
Winston Churchill
Codification provides an opportunity to
revise and improve the language of the
ordinance to make it understandable
and layman friendly. Ordinances that are
difficult to understand may be hard for
people to follow. Makes interpretation
more consistent;
5. Harmonizes local and national laws and
standards. Codification can help align
laws and standards, and executive and
legislative initiatives in tourism; and
6. Fosters meaningful and stronger
partnerships. Involvement of the private
sector and non-government organizations
in the formulation of the code improves
relationships.
III. What are the parts and contents
of a tourism code?
The contents of tourism codes can vary
from LGU to LGU. The following are the basic
parts of the document:
1. Title;
2. Ordaining or enacting clause;
3. General provisions;
4. Miscellaneous provisions; and
5. Final provisions
These are discussed in more detail below:
A. Title
The code, like any ordinance, should have
a title. The title contains a concise caption
of the code with an assigned number. Titles
of tourism codes can differ – it can be short
or long depending on the preferred style of
the LGU. The following are some examples of
titles that your LGU can adopt:
1. An Ordinance Codifying the (Province/
City/Municipality) Tourism Code of (Year
of Enactment)
2. An Ordinance Enacting the Tourism
Code of (Province/City/Municipality)
3. An Ordinance Adopting the (Province/
City/Municipality) Tourism Code of (Year
of Enactment), for the development,
promotion and regulation of tourism
6
Villaluz, 2004.
7
Ibid.
Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units
activities in the (Province/City/
Municipality), and for other purposes
B. Enacting or Ordaining Clause
The ordaining or enacting clause indicates
the authority or source of the ordinance.6 It
contains an opening statement or explanatory
note containing the justification for the
approval of the code. Some LGUs, such as
the Municipality of San Felipe in Zambales,
and the Island Garden City of Samal, just
include a short phrase to introduce the main
provisions of the code. Other LGUs, however,
provide a more elaborate foreword that
presents the sources from which the code
draws its authority. These are introduced with
“Whereas.” The “Whereas” section, is finalized
with an ordaining statement that can take the
following form:
Now therefore, be it ordained by the
Sangguniang Bayan in session duly assembled
that: ….. or by any of the following forms:
1. Be it enacted by the Sangguniang
(Panlalawigan/Panglungsod/Bayan) of
the Province/City/Municipality that:
2. Be it ordained by the Sangguniang
(Panlalawigan/Panglungsod/Bayan) of
the Province/City/Municipality that:
C. General or Body of Provisions
The body of provisions carry out the
code’s primary objective. It contains
general or introductory provisions such
as the title, declaration of policy, scope,
objectives purpose, definitions, structural
or administrative and reporting provisions.7
A simplified guide in crafting the body of
provisions is found in Box.
The document can contain the following
provisions concerning overall tourism
13
 Examples of Opening Statements
of an Enacting Clause

The City of Vigan Tourism Code includes the following:

“WHEREAS, to ensure efficient and effective operation and maintenance of all tourism-
oriented and tourism-related establishments, it is imperative to provide such rules and
regulations as may be necessary for their governance;”

While the Municipality of Baler, Aurora’s Tourism Code contains the following:

“WHEREAS, the tourism industry in Baler once fully harnessed and developed can greatly
enhance the economic activity of business establishments in the town, provide more jobs
for populace and increase the financial resources not only of the Municipal Government
of Baler.”

operations, activities, roles and commitments for licensing of accommodation

of regulators and stakeholders:
1. Tourism Governance and Institutional
Arrangements
This section defines the functions, roles
and responsibilities of the Municipal
Tourism Office, Sangguniang Bayan
Committee on Tourism, Municipal
Tourism Council, tourism related
associations or civil society organizations
and other tourism stakeholders that
share some roles and responsibilities
in the coordination, implementation,
management of tourism operations in
the locality.
2. Tourism Product Development,
Promotion and Awareness Advocacy
This section provides guidelines on
product research and development,
market segmentation, marketing and
promotions, setting up of tourism
information and ‘pasalubong’ center,
and implementation of tourism-related
events.
3. Licensing Guidelines
This section enumerates the guidelines
establishments, travel and tours
agencies, tourist transport operators,
Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and
Exhibitions (MICE) organizers, facility
or venue and, tour guides and other
tourism-related establishments.
4. Registration and Licensing Procedures
This section enumerates registration
and licensing procedures with the local
government unit and other government
agencies particularly the DOT as to their
Progressive Accreditation System.
5. Regulatory measures including
violations, penalties and incentives
This section specifies requirements
pertaining to mandatory registration of
guests or tenants, submission of visitor
arrival data and occupancy report,
compliance with zoning requirements,
compliance with labor standards and
regulations, safety and health regulations.
6. Code of Ethics for Tourists
This section defines the rules and
regulations for tourists and penalties for
violation.

14 Department of Tourism
7. Environmental protection, climate and 9. Gender and development and
disaster resilience vulnerable sectors

This section spells out climate change
adaptation plan of action of the LGU and
tourism related enterprises, disaster and
risk preparedness, emergency rescue
10. Ease of doing business and good
operations.
8. Tourist Safety and Security
This section provides for the organization
and training of tourism-oriented police.
This section addresses gender and
development issues and the needs of
vulnerable sectors.
regulatory practices
This section itemizes steps to promote
ease of doing business and good
regulatory practices.

Guide in Crafting the Body of Provisions

The following can be used to guide the codification team in identifying what to
include in the body of provisions:
1. Tenets of Sustainable Tourism or the 5Es include visitor enjoyment, economic
benefit, stakeholder engagement, environmental protection, and conservation
education. Visitor’s enjoyment refers to the satisfaction of tourists on the overall
experience in the tourism destination, including the quality of services and
products, destination’s scenery, safety and security, and cleanliness, among others.
Economic benefit pertains to the economic returns of tourism enterprises, business
organizations, local community members, local government, and all other players.
Stakeholder engagement is the involvement of the different sectors in the locale as
they have shared benefits and responsibilities in tourism management and operations.
Environmental protection refers to strict implementation of regulations to preserve
biodiversity and ecological systems in order tom perpetuate nature and the natural
attractions. Lastly, conservation education includes the conduct of site interpretation,
information campaigns, advocacy and public awareness, and documentation and
dissemination of site studies and best practices to make tourists as advocates for
sustainable tourism.

2. Assessment of the factors in tourism development or the 5As include:

Attractions, Activities, Accommodation, Amenities, and Access. Attractions
pertain to the natural and cultural features of the place. These include the flora and
fauna species, natural and geological features, historical sites, festivals, and products
of the locale. Activities may include the visitors’ interests, undertakings, goings-on
(e.g. trekking, birding, snorkeling, rafting, etc.). including visitor decorum and ethics.
Accommodations include the hotels, resorts, inns, campsites, and other enterprises
that offer facilities and services to meet visitor needs. Amenities refer to services
offered to raise public awareness, understanding, and appreciation through tour
guides and information materials as well as services to make visitation safe and
comfortable. Lastly, access includes convenient forms of travel to and from the
destination, transportation and communication support.

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 15

 Example:
Miscellaneous Provision of San Carlos
City’s Tourism Code
SECTION 18.05. Monitoring and
Evaluation System - The San Carlos City
Tourism Office, in coordination with the
San Carlos City Tourism Council, shall
establish a monitoring and evaluation
system, in order to evaluate the
economic, social and environmental
impact of the tourism activities. This
should cover all elements that are
crucial to sustainability of the tourism
resource, in compliance with the
provisions of this Code. Monitoring and
evaluation indicators should include
service quality and participation of local
communities.
D. Miscellaneous provisions
This section enumerates provisions for
funding, monitoring and evaluation systems.
E. Final Provisions
Penalty Clause
This section provides penalties for the
violation of the code. This can be titled as
Penal Provisions (i.e. San Fernando; San
Carlos) or Penalties.
Repealing Clause
Also known as the severability or
separability clause, this section declares that
if any part of the ordinance is found to be
unconstitutional, the rest of the ordinance will
not be affected.8
8
Ibid.
16 Department of Tourism
Example of Penalty Clause
SECTION 96. CRIMINAL SANCTIONS
(a) Violation of a non-holder of
Authority
Any person who violates any of the
provisions of this Ordinance shall,
upon conviction by a competent court,
suffer the penalty of imprisonment not
exceeding one (1) year or a fine of not
less than Four Thousand Pesos (Php
4,000.00) nor more than Five Thousand
Pesos (Php 5,000.00), or both at the
discretion of the court.
(b) Penalty imposed upon officers of
juridical persons
If the offender of the provisions in
the next preceding paragraph hereof
is a corporation, partnership, firm
or association, the penalty provided
therefore shall be imposed upon the
officer or officers responsible for the
violation; and if such officer is an alien,
he shall, in addition be subject to
deportation.
Source: City of San Fernando, Pampanga
Tourism Code, 2009
Effectivity Clause
This section specifies exactly when and
how the ordinance will be in effect.
Tool: Sample Format of a Tourism Code

Republic of the Philippines

Province/City/Municipality of _______________
Office of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan/Panglungsod/Bayan

AN ORDINANCE ADOPTING THE (LGU NAME) TOURISM

CODE OF (YEAR), FOR THE DEVELOPMENT, PROMOTION
Title
AND REGULATION OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES IN THE (LGU
Name)

Be it enacted by the Sangguniang Panlalawigan/Panglungsod/

Enacting Clause
Bayan of the (LGU), in regular session assembled that:

Section 1. Coverage - This code shall govern and regulate all

tourism-related matters within the territorial jurisdiction of
Body the (LGU Name) and its political subdivisions.

Section 2. XXX

Section 20. Any violation of any provisions contained in this

Penalty Clause Code, shall be meted with the following fines and penalties,
in accordance with existing Revised Revenue Code.

Section 30. Repealing Clause - Any ordinance, Executive

Order, local issuances or Rules and Regulations, or parts
Repealing Clause
thereof, which are inconsistent with this Ordinance are hereby
repealed and/or modified accordingly.

Section 31. This Ordinance shall take effect 30 days after

satisfaction of the required publication of three consecutive
Effectivity Clause weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the (LGU)
and the posting of the same in the barangays and other
conspicuous places in the (LGU).

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 17

 ENACTED: (Date)

I hereby certify to the correctness of the foregoing

ordinance which was duly enacted by the Sangguniang
Panlalawigan/Panlungsod/Bayan during its regular
session held on (Date).

___________________________
Secretary to the Sangguniang
Panlalawigan/Panlungsod/Bayan

Attested:

__________________
Presiding Officer
APPROVED ON ________(Date)________
 

__________________________________
Governor/Mayor

Adapted from Villaluz, 2004, Local Legislator’s Toolkit.

IV. What are the steps in developing

a tourism code?9
There is no one way to develop a Stakeholder participation is a highly desirable
tourism code. The process of developing process in policy making.
codes is changing in response to the
Tourism codification involves a four-step
recent developments and the challenges
process: preparing to codify, formulating the
of a constantly changing environment.
code, enacting the code, and post enactment
The following process of codification is
(see Figure 1 ). These are discussed in detail in
recommended to assist the LGUs to come up
the following sections.
with a code in a highly participatory manner.
Figure 1: Steps in Preparing a Tourism Code

Prepare to Formulate Enacting Post

Codify the Code the Code Enactment

9
Note: Adapted from “Codification of Ordinances” by E. Gapuz, 2013. PowerPoint Presentation. Retrieved
from https://www.slideshare.net/edzmhar0186/codification.

18 Department of Tourism
 Prepare to
codify

Prepare to • Gather Prepare to

codify codify
• Inventory
• Classify Prepare to
• Form the • Review of
codify
team • Write higher LGU
consultation
• Develop • Review
Work Pan • First reading/ • Publication of
• Supplement Consultations approve code
• Second • Effectivity
reading
• Popularization/
• Third and final Dissemination
reading
• LCE Approval

4.1 Preparing to Codify 4.1.1 Form the Codification Team

One cannot be successful in building a
house without construction workers and
a set of blueprints. Similarly, one cannot
successfully formulate a code without having
a team and a work plan. Local government
personnel perform multiple duties and tasks
simultaneously, and without a plan to guide
them, they may not be able to prioritize the
formulation of the code, which can result in
delays or non-completion of the document.
Before even starting to codify, the LGU needs
to prepare by:
Tourism has many facets and is a multi-
sectoral undertaking. It should follow
that formulating a tourism code should
be a collaboration of private and public
organizations at various levels. Stakeholder
engagement is important in developing a
document that is socially acceptable and
legitimate. The LGU should lead the process,
with the executive and the legislative
branches working together, and promoting
local participation in the various phases of the
process.

• Forming a codification team (i.e.

Codification Committee and/or Technical
Working) Group

• Work Planning

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 19

In order create impetus for the team and
ensure that the outputs are done within
schedule, the LCE can issue an Executive Order
• Other members depending on the
creating the codification team (see Annex B
for Template on Executive Order Creating the
Tourism Codification Team).
The LGU should identify partners that can be
helpful in formulating the code. The following
are the recommended members of the
tourism code codification team:
• Local Chief Executive (LCE)
• Vice-LCE
• Legal team can comprise the Legal Officer
(LO) and staff. Legal support can also be
requested from the next higher LGU or
from the private sector; The LO, can draft
the initial manuscript. If a draft document
has been prepared by another person or
office, the LO can review the draft and
provide comments and recommendations
to improve the draft.
• Sanggunian
»» Secretary
»» Chair of the Committee on Tourism
»» Chair of the Committee on Environ 6) President of the Moalboal
ment/Climate Change
»» Chair of the Committee on Agriculture
»» Chair on the Committee on
Indigenous People (IP)
• Tourism Officer
• Tourism Council representative
• Department heads
»» Local planning and development
coordinator (LPDC)
• National Government Agencies (NGAs)
and their regional offices
»» Department of Tourism
»» Department of Agriculture (DA)
• Academic institutions that have tourism-
related courses
20 Department of Tourism
• Private Sector (i.e. Chamber of Commerce;
Hotel and Restaurant Association)
characteristic of the LGU (e.g. IP
representative; fisherfolk)
The Legal Officer has an important role in
the formulation of the tourism code. The
LO can prepare the draft tourism code, as
prescribed in Section 481b3ii of the LGC.
Examples: Composition of Tourism
Codification Team
The tourism codification team’s
composition may vary depending on
the nature of tourism of the LGU.
For the Municipality of Moalboal, Cebu
the members included:
1) LCE
2) All SB members
3) SB Secretary
4) Tourism Council
5) Department heads
Business Tourism Organization
7) Tourism Officer
8) Civil Society Organization
Representative
For the Island Garden City of Samal,
the Tourism Codification Team
included:
1) Sangguniang Panglungsod
2) SP Secretary,
3) IP Representative
4) Liga ng mga Barangay
representative
5) Tourism Office
6) Legal Office
 Other members can be added depending on the characteristics and thrust of the LGU. For
instance, if the LGU has unique cultural heritage with the presence of indigenous people, an IP
representative can be included in the codification team. Similarly, if farm tourism has a strong
potential in the locality, the DA can be included as part of the team.

4.1.2 Develop a Work Plan

Before plunging deeply into work, it is advisable to develop a work plan to agree on the
activities, outputs, responsibilities, resource requirements and the timetable to move work forward
and get results. The duration for developing the tourism code can vary, but it is recommended
that you finish the work from six months to a year. A sample work plan is shown below. A Work
Plan Worksheet is found in Annex 1.

Example of Filled Out Form 1: Work Plan

Activities Expected Persons Resource Timeframe/

Output Responsible Requirements Duration

Gather tourism Compilation of Tourism officer Jul. 1- 31

related tourism-related Sanggunian
ordinances and executive orders, Secretary
executive orders, resolutions and
and national laws ordinances

Prepare Filled out Tourism officer Meeting Room Aug. 1-15

inventory Form 1 Sanggunian Meals
Secretary

Classify Filled out Tourism officer Meeting room Aug. 16-30

Form 2 Sanggunian Snacks
Secretary
Tourism Council

Write Draft Tourism Tourism Officer Sep. 1 – Oct. 30

Code Tourism Council
Sanggunian
Secretary

Revise Revised Tourism Tourism Officer Meeting Room Nov. 1-30

Code Legal Officer Meals
Sanggunian LCD projector
Secretary
Committee on
Tourism Chair

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 21

 Supplement Revised Tourism
with additional
provisions
4.2 Formulating the Code
After the codification team has been
appointed and a workplan has been prepared,
the LGU can now enter the second phase in
the codification process: the formulation of
the code.
Developing a tourism code involves
collecting, recording, classifying, organizing,
supplementing and consolidating tourism
Figure 2: Steps in Formulating a Tourism Code
Gather Inventory Classify
4.2.1 STEP 1: Gather and organize
Gather and organize all existing tourism
– related ordinances and rules of your LGU.
Your sources can include the following offices:
• Sanggunian Secretary
• Local Chief Executive
• Sangguniang Panlalawigan
After the ordinances and rules are
gathered, these should be arranged by their
year of enactment, from newest to oldest.
22 Department of Tourism
Tourism Officer Meeting Room Dec. 1-15
Local Chief Meals
Executive LCD projector
Sangguniang
Panlalawigan/
Panglunsod/
Pambayan
ordinances, rules (i.e. executive order creating
the tourism council) and regulations, by
subject matter into a code. This involves
revising and adding provisions to efficiently
and effectively inform the public. There
is no one way to develop the document.
The following are the sub-steps that can be
undertaken to formulate the code
(see Figure 2):
Write Revise Supplement
A tourism code is not a static document
– it can be amended, as needed. For
example, the Tourism Code of Iloilo
City, which was enacted in 2013, was
amended in 2015. Amendments can
include, inter alia, the following:
a) adding articles;
b) inserting new sections;
c) putting in additional wordings; and
d) inserting paragraphs.
 In addition, the LGUs should also look
at existing national laws and international
guidelines that have a bearing on tourism in
the LGU. These include, among others, the
following:
tourism businesses in your localities. The
LGU can also gather examples of tourism
codes and ordinances from other LGUs that
can serve as benchmarks in developing their
codes.

• Republic Act (RA) 9593 (Tourism Act
of 2009) http://www.tourism.gov.ph/
Downloadable%20Files/RA%209593.pdf
• RA 10066 (National Cultural Heritage Act
of 2009) https://www.wipo.int/edocs/
lexdocs/laws/en/ph/ph141en.pdf
• RA 10816 (Farm Tourism Act of
2016) http://www.tourism.gov.ph/
Downloadable%20Files/RA%209593.pdf
• RA 11292 (The Seal of Good Local
Governance Act of 2019) https://
w w w. of f i c i a l g a z e t t e . g o v. p h /
downloads/2019/04apr/20190412-RA-
11292-RRD.pdf
• Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) Standards10 https://asean.org/
wp-content/up-loads/2012/05/19037_
ATF2018_Directory_610118.pdf
4.2.2 STEP 2: Inventory tourism-related
ordinances and rules
From the ordinances gathered, prepare an
inventory of tourism-related ordinances and
rules by arranging them chronologically from
the most current to the oldest. Although there
are no hard and fast rules on what to include,
the inventory can cover ordinances and rules
enacted in the last 25 years (GTZ, 2009). An
ordinance remains effective and enforceable
as long as it is not obsolete, amended or
repealed. The inventory should distinguish
what ordinances are:
a) missing
b) amended
c) repealed
d) Obsolete

It is also worth looking at the ASEAN The following example shows an

Tourism Standards11 to improve the overall inventory of tourism-related issuances and
quality of tourism products and services and ordinances. The template for step 2 can be
promote responsible management among found in Annex B.

Example of Filled Out Form 2: Inventory of Tourism-related Issuances and Ordinances

Ordinance Date of Source Subject Status*

number Enactment/
Series

Ord. No. 004 May 26, 2019, Sanggunian Cultural Amendment to

Series of 2019 Secretary Heritage Sites Ordinance 035,
Series 2001

E.O. No. 014 Mar. 20, 2018, Office of the Rules and Original
Series of 2018 LCE Regulations
Governing
Tourism
Establishments

10
ASEAN has created seven tourism standards: Green Hotel Standard; Spa Services Standard; Clean
Tourist City Standard; Community Based Tourism Standard; Homestay Standard; Public Toilet Standard;
and MICE Venue Standard.

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 23

 Ord. No. 009 2015 LEIPO Cultural Amendment to
Heritage Sites Ordinance 035,
Series 2001

Ord. No. 002 Apr. 20, 2012, ENRO Environmental Original

Series of 2012 Code

Res. No. 026 2010 Tourism Office Arts and Culture Original

E.O. No. 007 Feb. 25, 2010, Office of the Tourism Council Original
Series of 2010 LCE

Ord. No. 001 2009 LPDO Zoning Original

Ordinance

Ord. No. 004 May 26, 2019, Sanggunian Cultural Amendment to

Series of 2019 Secretary Heritage Sites Ordinance 017,
Series 2001

E.O. No. 014 Mar. 20, 2018, Office of the Rules and Original
Series of 2018 LCE Regulations
Governing
Tourism
Establishments

Ord. No. 009 2015 LEIPO Investment and Amendment to

Incentive Code Ordinance 017,
Series 2005

Ord. No. 002 Apr. 20, 2012, ENRO Environmental Original

Series of 2012 Code

Res. No. 026 2010 Tourism Office Arts and Culture Original

E.O. No. 007 Feb. 25, 2010, Office of the Tourism Council Original
Series of 2010 LCE

Ord. No. 001 2009 LPDO Zoning Original

Ordinance

*Specify if original; amendment (specify ordinance number and series that has been
amended); repeals what ordinance

24 Department of Tourism
4.2.3 STEP 3: Classify and group ordinances

Classify tourism ordinances by topic or
subject matter, grouping similar ordinances
together. Group ordinances under the same
or similar subjects together for eventual
assignment to specific chapters of the code.
Establish the possible groupings that can
be used by the codifier after having completed
the inventory of ordinances. An example of a
chronological classification is shown in below.
The template for step 3 is found in Annex B.

Example of Filled Out Form 3: Classification of Tourism Ordinances

Ordinance Date of Subject Classification Remarks

number Enactment/
Series

Ord. No. 023 Jan. 30, 2019 Registration and Development

Accreditation control
Guidelines

Res. No. 014 Nov. 13, 2018, Medical Tourism

Series of 2018 Facilities in Governance
Tourism Areas

E.O. No. 014 Mar. 20, 2018, Rules and Tourism

Series of 2018 Regulations Governance
Governing
Tourism
Establishments

Ord. No. 021 Dec. 05, 2017, Height of Development

Series 2017 Buildings in control
Beach Areas

Ord. No. 010 Series 2017 Regulate the Environment Repeals Ord.
use of plastics 064, Series of
and plastic by- 2016
products

Ord. No. 064 Jan. 27, 2016, Tourism Council Tourism

Series of 2016 Governance

Ord. No. 064 2016 Plastic Environment Repealed

Regulation
Ordinance

Ord. No. 26 October Transportation Development Amendment to

Series of 2015 Code control Ord 15, S 2014

Res. No. 011 Series of 2013 Local heritage Cultural

and historical Heritage
structures

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 25

 Res. No. 011 Series of 2013 Heritage Cultural
Mapping Heritage

Ord. No. 037 2012 Incentive Code Tourism

Governance

Ord. No. 033 Jul. 31, 2012, Solid Waste Environment

Series of 2012 Management in
host barangays
of tourism
attractions

Res. No. 033 Jul. 31, 2012, Incentives for Environment

Series of 2012 Environmentally
Compliant
Tourism-Related
Enterprises

Ord. No. Feb. 10, 2012, Prescribing Tourism Obsolete

Series of 2012 Fees for Tourist Governance
Guides

Ord. No. 26 October 2007 Transportation Development Amendment to

Code control Ord 15

4.2.4 STEP 4: Write the draft code 4.2.5 STEP 5: Review and Revise12

There are two sub-steps to do here:
• Prepare the outline: It is important to
have a coherent document, so that
the stakeholders will be able to easily
follow. Chapters and sections11 should be
presented in logical order. Using Form
2 as your guide, prepare the outline of
the draft code using the classifications
identified in step 3.
• Populate with the relevant provisions to
form a coherent document. Rename the
headings as you see fit. For instance, the
classification shown in Form 2 above on
development control can be renamed as
Physical Development Guidelines.
11
Other LGUs use the term article in place of section.
12
Adapted from Gapuz, E., 2013; GTZ, 2009
Ordinances affect us all. Yet, many
ordinances are intimidating and difficult
to understand. Ordinances should not be
necessarily complex. Tourism rules and
ordinances have been developed by the LGU
over several years. With this, a great deal of the
language used is antiquated and sometimes
quite difficult for the laymen to understand.
Local chief executives and law enforcers
can have difficulty in enforcing ordinances
with lack of coherence and consistency, and
access to ordinances. Through the years,
the accumulation of ordinances and rules
could lead to duplication, redundancies and
inconsistencies that can result in difficulties in

26 Department of Tourism
enforcement and compliance. At times, laws
and rules become outdated and unsuitable for
the times. Laws can also be extremely complex
and difficult to follow. The codification team
should meet to review and revise14 provisions
of ordinances in the draft code and check if
they are:
• responsive to the present needs and issues.
Weed out obsolete or inactive provisions
in the existing ordinance
• consistent with other provisions and laws
not in conflict with existing national laws
or local ordinances
• easily understood; poorly worded and
unclear ordinances are ineffective and
misleading, while simple and clear
language are less susceptible to different
interpretations
• gender-neutral/non-sexist (e.g. use of
chairperson instead of chairman; police
officer in place of policeman; worker in
place of manpower)
Benchmarking
The team should not be carried away in
revising the document, keeping in mind that
the codal provisions should be implementable.
It is a good idea at this point to benchmark
with other LGUs.

Tips in Revising Ordinances Example: Language Improvement

1. Universal symbols are used in the Article A
revision of provisions Height of Buildings to Beach Areas
2. Brackets ( ) or [ ] is used to indicate
SECTION 9. Height of Buildings in
deletion or omission.
Beach Areas – Building construction for
3. Additions or insertions are indicated beach resorts and those located along
by CAPITALIZING all the WORDS or the beach areas, either for residential
PHRASES ADDED or INSERTED. or commercial purposes, shall not go
Each provision is numbered higher than the height of a full-grown
consecutively at the left margin for coconut tree.
easy reference.

The language of the section can be improved to make the document simpler, direct and
less susceptible to different interpretations. Coconut trees can grow from 6 meters to 30
meters depending on their variety. The recommended changes are as follows:

Article A
Height of Buildings (to) ALONG Beach Areas

SECTION 9. Height of Buildings (in) ALONG Beach Areas – Buildings and structures
constructed (ion) (for beach resorts and those located) along the beach areas, (either for
residential or commercial purposes), shall not go higher than (the height of a full-grown
coconut tree) 30 meters.

Note: This content is adapted from Tourism Code: San Carlos City, Ordinance No. 18-03,
Series of 2018, and is provided for illustrative purposes only.

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 27

4.2.6 STEP 6: Supplement13 B. Add chapters or provisions that deal
with new development concerns such as
Supplementation is a very important climate change or disaster risk reduction
step in the codification process, because (see Box)
it looks at the inadequacies and gaps of
present ordinances. Add, amend, and modify C. Amend sections to make it consistent with
provisions of existing ordinances by looking national laws and standards.
at the following:
Careful attention should be given to
• Gaps of existing ordinances
identify what the problem is and what
• LGU’s goals and vision (or tourism vision if
ordinances or provisions to include to respond
your LGU has one)
to the problem. The following questions can
• New developments and good practice
be asked in identifying new provisions:
such as business friendly LGUs; climate
»» Is there legislation that protect your
change; disaster risk reduction (DRR);
tourism assets?
Green Hotel; Sustainable Development
»» Is there legislation that protect the
Goals (SDGs)14
environment?
• National laws and standards
»» Is there legislation that advance the
• International tourism standards and plans
welfare of host communities?
• Possible enforcement problems
»» Is there legislation that improve business
The following sub steps can be undertaken competitiveness?
during step 6: »» Is there legislation that protect
A. Add new chapters if existing provisions
are inadequate to attain tourism goals of
the LGU (see example in Box below)

In supplementing: Example:
Adding a New Chapter on Disaster Risk
A new chapter may be placed where Reduction
it belongs appropriately. A new
section may be added or inserted in Chapter 5:
the proper Chapter (Tourism Code of Disaster Risk Reduction Management
San Carlos, 2018) to supplement the Compliance
ordinance to attain a goal.

Section 204.
Lifesaving Equipment Facilities. – Every resort and other tourism-related establishment
must be equipped with lifesaving and rescue equipment facilities in cases of natural and
human induced disasters.

Section 205.
Trained Personnel. – Every resort must have their employees undergo periodic disaster
preparedness and response trainings duly accredited by the City Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Council (CDRRMC).

Source: Tourism Code of the Island Garden City of Samal

13
GTZ, 2009
14
The World Tourism Organization has launched a platform to make tourism a driver for realizing the SDGs
at http://tourism4sdgs.org/.

28 Department of Tourism
 Example: Adding a new chapter

Additional provisions or chapters can be added, if existing provisions are inadequate to

reach the goals set in the tourism or LGU plans. Supplemental provisions should contribute
to turning vision and goals into reality.

In identifying additional provisions, you must be mindful of the strengths, weaknesses,

opportunities and threats (SWOT) or issues and concerns of tourism in your LGU. For
instance, if an LGU has beautiful view corridors as a strength, there should be provisions to
protect these view corridors from being destroyed. Similarly, if an LGU’s heritage sites are
being destroyed and damaged, then the LGU has to identify possible strategies on how to
protect these sites from damage.

Tourism Goals/ Required Action in

Issue/Problem Gap
Objectives Tourism Code
View corridors View corridors and There is no LGU Include chapter on
and vistas are vistas are being ordinance on the the protection of
protected for destroyed by unbridled protection of view view corridors and
public enjoyment development corridors and vistas vistas

Cultural and Heritage sites and There is no Include a chapter

heritage sites and structures are being ordinance on the on the protection
structures are damaged and protection of cultural and preservation
protected destroyed and heritage sites of cultural and
heritage sites

4.3. Enacting the Code

4.3.1 First Reading, Committee Meetings

and Reporting Good Practice: Consulting Stakeholders
The draft tourism code is filed by a council The Municipality of San Felipe,
member or members with the Secretary. Zambales intended to make prescribed
During the First Reading, the secretary of fees, fines and taxes acceptable to
the Sanggunian reads the title and assigned stakeholders. To achieve this, the LGU
number of the proposed code and the name held meetings and consultations with
of its author or authors or name of the council various groups including to determine
member introducing them. An explanatory what rates are acceptable to those
speech by the principal author may be allowed. affected:
The proposed code shall be referred by the
• Barangay officials • Tricycle Operators
presiding officer to the Tourism Committee for
• Resort owners and Drivers
study, comment and recommendation. Public
• Affected NGOs Association (TODA)
hearings and consultations shall be conducted
• Women • Philippine National
to solicit inputs from various tourism
• Senior citizens Police (PNP)
stakeholders. Afterwards, the Committee shall
• IPs • Bureau of Fire
report and recommend the proposed Code
• Market vendors Protection (BFP)
for plenary deliberations with or without
• Farmers and Fisherfolk
amendments. The proposed code shall then
be calendared for second reading.

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 29

4.3.2 Second Reading
During the second reading the author or
sponsor of the proposed measure delivers his
sponsorship speech and makes the necessary
motion.
After the motion has been duly seconded
the presiding officer shall restate the motion
and open the period for debate or discussion.
Motion to close the debate require 2/3 vote
of the members present provided that there
is a quorum.
Committee deliberations can be attended
by members of government agencies and
non-government organizations (NGOs).15
Once the period of discussion or debate
has closed, the presiding officer announces
the period for amendments. After the
period for amendments has been closed the
Sanggunian shall take final action on the
proposed measure.
Involving the Sanggunian early in the
process of tourism code formulation can
facilitate the enactment of ordinances.
In the Province of Pampanga, the active
participation of the Sanggunian from
the start of the codification process
expedited enactment of the code,
eliminating discussion and debate
during the second reading.
4.3.3 Third and Final Reading
During the Third and Final Reading,
the Secretary of the Sanggunian reads
the proposed code by its number, title
and the name of the sponsor or sponsors.
Immediately thereafter, the presiding officer
puts the proposed code to a vote. The result
of the vote is immediately announced by the
15
Villaluz, 2004.
30 Department of Tourism
presiding officer and entered in the record by
the secretary. Once approved, the enacted
code shall be transmitted to the LCE for
approval.
4.3.4 LCE Approval
The enacted code, like any ordinance, has
to be presented to the LCE for approval. The
LCE may take the following courses of action:
A. The LCE approves and signs the code as
transmitted. The LCE shall sign on each
and every page of the code;
B. The LCE does not act on the Code. However,
a 10-day period without the action of the
LCE shall automatically mean the approval
of the Code
C. The LCE vetoes the Code if he finds the
Code “ultra vires” or beyond the power
of its office or the Code is prejudicial to
the public welfare. The veto must be done
in writing, specifying the grounds and
reasons for the veto. The Sanggunian may
either override the veto by a 2/3 vote of
all members or accept the veto and revise
the Code or some of the provisions that
are not acceptable to the LCE or shelve the
Code entirely.
4.4 Post Enactment
4.4.1 Transmittal and Review of Higher
Sanggunian
The LCE-approved code shall be
transmitted to the higher-level Sangguniang
Panlalawigan (provincial legislative body)
for review and approval. The Sangguniang
Panlalawigan shall approve the code within
30 days or the code shall automatically “lapse
into law” without the action of the higher-
level council.
4.4.2 Publication of Approved Code and profits for business, higher prices for
consumers, unintended consequence, and
Once the tourism code is approved, it greater administration costs for government”
needs to be posted in the bulletin board (RIA Manual).
located at the entrance of the city/municipal
hall or the provincial capitol and in at least two
other conspicuous places within the premises
of the LGU not later than five days after its Characteristics of a good tourism
approval. If the code has penal provisions, it code
needs to be posted for a minimum ofthree
consecutive weeks and published in a • Legally defensible or can
newspaper of general circulation within the withstand legal scrutiny
territorial jurisdiction of the LGU. • Readily accessible to enforcers
and the general public
4.4.3 Effectivity
• Uses language that is clear,
Unless specified, the approved tourism simple, direct, precise, and
code shall take effect after 10 days from date easily understood by local
of posting and/or publication. government officials, staff and
the general public, so as not
4.4.4 Popularization and Dissemination
to be susceptible to different
Once the code is approved, the LGU interpretations
should popularize and disseminate it to all • Easy to follow
stakeholders. The LGU should ensure that
• Gender-neutral/Non-sexist
the tourism code is widely disseminated. It is
recommended that the LGU allocate funds for • Implementable and enforceable
the reproduction of the approved tourism code • Provisions are consistent,
and provide copies of the ordinance to major and not duplicative of other
groups of stakeholders: the LCE, Sanggunian, provisions
barangays with tourist attractions, and local
• Formulated in a participative
Chambers of Commerce. To help the LGU
manner
save on printing costs, the LGU can post the
tourism code in its website. • Contributes to the achievement
of the Vision and goals of
V. What are the characteristics of a tourism in the LGU
good tourism code? • Consistent with national laws,
standards and plans
Codification of ordinances provides an
opportunity for the LGU to review and revise
existing ordinances and rules to improve the
quality of legislation. Regulations that are
“unnecessary or poorly designed can impose
significant costs on business, community, and
government because of inefficiencies caused
by time taken to understand, comply with,
and enforce these regulations. These may
have the perverse results of lower efficiency

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 31

References:
Cambridge University Press (2019). Cambridge Dictionary online. Retrieved from https://
dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/ordinance/ on July 3, 2019

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Code. Encyclopedia Britannica. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University
Press. (p 632–634).

European Parliament (2018). Gender-Neutral Language in the European Parliament. Retrieved

from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/151780/GNL_Guidelines_EN.pdf on September
27, 2019.

Gahan, F. (1922). The Codification of Law. Transactions of the Grotius Society, 8, 107-116. Retrieved
from http://www.jstor.org/stable/742715.

Gapuz, E. (2013). Codification of Ordinances [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from https://www.

slideshare.net/edzmhar0186/codification.

GTZ (2009). Simplified Manual on Codification: A Guidebook on Harmonization of Local Laws.

Makati: German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) Decentralization Program, (page).

History.com Editors (2018). Code of Hammurabi, 2018 ed, A&E Television Networks. Retrieved
from https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/hammurabi. Accessed June 27 on June 27,
2019

Laws.Africa (2015-2019). Introduction to the Terminology of Law. Retrieved from https://indigo.

readthedocs.io/en/latest/guide/law-intro.html on July 3, 2019

Law Drafting Manual in Albania (2006). No Title. Retrieved from https://www.legislationline.org

McKenna, B. (n.d.). Codified Law: Definition and History [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://study.com/academy/lesson/codified-law-definition-lesson.html#lesson on 28 May, 2019

Series. (n.d.) Burton’s Legal Thesaurus, 4E. (2007). Retrieved July 16 2019 from https://legal-
dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/series.

San Carlos City Negros Occidental (2018). Tourism Code: San Carlos City Negros Occidental.
Ordinance No. 18-03, Series of 2018.

State of Alaska Department of Commerce, Community and Economic Development (2014).

Codification of Ordinances. Retrieved from https://www.commerce.alaska.gov/web/dcra/
LocalGovernmentOnline/Ordinances/CodificationofOrdinances.aspx

Ushistory.org (2019). Hammurabi’s Code: An Eye for An Eye. Ancient Civilizations Online Textbook.
Retrieved from http://www.ushistory.org/civ/4c.asp on June 27, 2019.

USLegal (1997-2016). Code Law and Legal Definition. US Legal, Inc. Retrieved from https://
definitions.uslegal.com/c/code/.

32 Department of Tourism
Annex A: Templates and Forms

Template 1: Executive Order Creating the Tourism Codification Team

Republic of the Philippines

Office of the Governor/Mayor
Province/City/Municipality of ________

Executive Order No. ____

Creating the Tourism Codification Team

WHEREAS, local governments are mandated by the Local Government Code of 1991 otherwise known
as R.A. 7160 to develop and promote tourism and the general welfare in their respective jurisdictions;

WHEREAS, DILG Memorandum Circular (MC) No. 95-162 and DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2002-81
mandates all Local Chief Executives to organize a local tourism, culture and the arts councils;

WHEREAS, DILG Memorandum Circular 2019-44 included Tourism, Culture and the Arts as one of the
Assessment Criteria in the Seal of Good Local Governance;

WHEREAS, in its primordial concern to make the province/city/municipality a prime destination for both
local and foreign tourists, set of rules and regulations must be in place starting with the creation of the
tourism codification team.

NOW THEREFORE, I, (Name of Governor/Mayor) of the Province/City/Municipality of _______, by the

virtue of the power vested in me by law, do hereby order the creation of the Tourism Codification Team.

Section 1. Creation and Mandate. There is hereby created a Tourism Codification Team under the Office
of the Governor/Mayor in the Province/City/Municipality of ___________ which shall study, gather, and
compile the relevant laws, rules and regulations, as well as the executive orders, departmental issuances,
and other government mandates, involving the regulation of tourism in order to produce a Tourism
Code which shall be used as the basis in the promotion of tourism in the Province/City/Municipality of
___________.

Section 2. Composition. The Tourism Codification Team shall be composed of the following members:
1. Provincial/City/Municipal Tourism Office
2. Provincial/City/Municipal Legal Office
3. Sanggunian Panlalawigan/Panglungsod/Pambarangay
4. Sangguanian Secretary
5. Tourism Council
6. Department Heads
7. Academe
8. Civil Society
9. Indigenous Peoples

The Local Chief Executive (LCE)/Vice-LCE shall be the Ex-Officio Chairperson of the Team. The ________
shall be the executive secretary. The Team may establish other positions as they may deem necessary.

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 33

Section 3. Functions.
1. Prepare a workplan for the preparation of the tourism code
2. Gather tourism related ordinances, executive orders, national laws and international commitments
on tourism
3. Prepare an inventory tourism-related ordinances and rules
4. Classify and group tourism-related ordinances
5. Review and revise ordinances and rules
6. Supplement considering the gaps of existing ordinances
7. Formulate the tourism code.

Section 4. Internal Rules and Regulations. The team shall formulate and adopt its own rules and regulations
in conducting their duties and responsibilities within thirty (30) days from the date it is convened for the
first time.

Section 5. Compensation. Every Member of the Team shall be entitled to a reasonable honorarium/per
diems, except as prohibited by the rules on double compensation.

Section 6. Completion. The Team shall endeavor to complete its work on or before the lapse of
___________ from the date it is convened. After the production of the Tourism Code, the team shall
wind up its affairs.

Section 7. Separability. If any provision of this Executive Order is declared invalid, the other provisions
not affected thereby shall remain valid and subsisting.

Section 8. Effectivity. This Executive Order takes effect immediately.

WITNESS MY HAND AND SEAL, this ______ in the Province/City/Municipality of _______________.

By:

(Signature)

(Name)

Governor/Mayor

Form 1: Work Plan Form

Expected Persons Resource Timeframe/

Activities
Output Responsible Requirements Duration

34 Department of Tourism
Form 2: Inventory of Tourism-related Issuances and Ordinances

Date of
Ordinance
Enactment/ Source Subject Status*
number
Series

*Specify if original; amendment (specify ordinance number and series that has been amended);
repeals what ordinance
Source: Adapted from Gapuz 2013

Form 3: Inventory of Tourism-related Issuances and Ordinances

Date of
Ordinance
Enactment/ Source Subject Status*
number
Series

Source: Adapted from Gapuz 2013

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 35

Documentation

36 Department of Tourism
 Documentation

Developing a Tourism Code: A Toolkit for Local Government Units 37