The Bishop’s Co- Ed.

School Kalyani Nagar

Subject: Social Studies
Topic: The Northern Mountains
Class: 4(A- F) Date: 19.05.2020
Note: Read, learn and copy the notes in the Class Work notebook/
Rough notebook.

I. Points to remember:
1) The Northern Mountains are known as the Himalayas.
2) The word Himalayas in Hindi means ‘abode of snow’.
3) Mount Everest is the highest peak of the Himalayas.
4) The Himalayas form a natural barrier between India and Myanmar.
5) The rain bearing winds hit the Himalayas, bringing rainfall to the
Northern and Eastern parts of India.
6) The Himalayas consists of three parallel ranges:
i. The Shivalik Hills or the outermost Himalayas.
ii. The Himachal or the middle Himalayas.
iii. The Himadri or the greater Himalayas.
7) Santosh Yadav of India is the only woman in the world who climbed
Mount Everest twice.
II. Name the following:
1) The first two people to climb Mount Everest

Ans. Sir Edmund Hillary, Tenzing Norgay

2) The two glaciers which form the Ganga and Yamuna rivers

Ans. Gangotri, Yamunotri

3) Passes in the Himachal region

Ans. Rohtang Pass, Shipki La, Nathu La, Bomdi La

III. Define:
1) Landslide

Ans. A landslide is a mass of earth, rock, etc that falls down from the
mountains.

2) Pass

Ans. A pass is a narrow path over or through the mountains. The word ‘La’
means pass.

3) Glacier

Ans. A slow moving river of ice is known as a glacier.

4) Mountain range

Ans. A row of mountains is called a mountain range.

5) Valleys

Ans. Valleys are low areas surrounded by hills and mountains.

IV. Give Reasons:

1) Terrace farming is done on the foothills of the Shivalik Hills.

Ans. Terrace farming is done on the foothills of the Shivalik Hills because
the land is flat and fertile, so steps are cut on the slopes for terrace farming.

V. Answer the following:

Q1. How are the landslides caused?

Ans. Landslides are caused because of heavy soil erosion caused by

cutting down of trees in the Shivalik Hills to fulfil human needs.
VI. Short Notes:
1) The importance of the Himalayas
a) The Himalayas act as a huge wall and protects us from the cold winds
of the North.
b) They prevent the rain- bearing clouds from leaving India and ensure
heavy rains all over the country.
c) The melting snow of the Himalayas provide water to the rivers
throughout the year.
d) The forest of the Himalayas provide timber, honey, etc. It is also a
home to many wild animals like the tiger, snow leopard, rhinoceros,
elephants, etc.

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