ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

ACADEMIC SESSION: _____________

DEE20033 – DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

TITLE:
PRACTICAL WORK : ______

LECTURER’S NAME:

GROUP NO. : CLASS:

TOTAL
STUDENT ID & NAME : MARKS
(100%)

1.

2.

3.

4.
 Digital Electronics

EXPERIMENT 5: ASYNCHRONOUS AND SYNCHRONOUS COUNTER

1.0 OUTCOMES

At the completion of the work in this experiment, students should be able to :

i. Identify the structure of Asynchronous counter .

ii. Understand the operational circuit of Asynchronous Counter
iii. Identify the structure of Synchronous Counter .
iv. Understand the operational circuit of Synchronous Counter

2.0 EQUIPMENT

i. Digital trainer
ii. IC 7476
iii. Jumper wires

3.0 THEORY

An important application of flip-flops is in the design of digital counters. These devices

generate binary numbers in a specified count sequence when triggered by an incoming clock
waveform. On each trigger, the counter advances to the next number in the sequence. After
reaching the final state in the sequence, the counter then recycles.

Asynchronous counters do not have a common clock that controls all the flip-flop
stages. The name 'asynchronous' comes from the fact that this counter's flip-flops are not being
clocked at the same time. The control clock is fed to clock input of the first stage, or the LSB
stage of the counter. Asynchronous counters are also known as ripple counters because the
clock inputs of subsequent flip flops are driven by the output of preceding flip flop which
resulting propagation delay. Thus, the effect of the input clock "ripples" through the counter
until it reaches the final stage.

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4.0 PROCEDURE

A. ASYNCHRONOUS COUNTER

Figure 5.1 Note:

Pin 5 – Vcc
Pin 13 - Gnd

1. Connect Preset = SW1, JK = SW2, CLR = SW3 and CLK = Pulse Switch.
2. Connect the output A, B to LED.
3. Set the value for PRESET,CLEAR and JK to logic 1 followed by CLOCK.
4. The steps must be repeated with different input.
5. Record the result in Table 5.1.

CLK B A
0
1
2
3
4
Table 5.1

B. SYNCHRONOUS COUNTER

1. By using IC 7476 construct the circuit as shown in figure 5.2

2. Use the switch: Preset, JK , CLK and CLR.
3. Set the value for PRESET and CLEAR to logic 1 (non active state).
4. Set the value for J and K to logic 1 followed by CLOCK. These steps must be repeated with
different input.
5. Record the value in table 5.2 (which the truth table for asynchronous flip flop).

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 Digital Electronics

Figure 5.2 Note:

Pin 5 – Vcc
Pin 13 - Gnd

Binary Counting
Number of Decimal
Sequence
Clock Pulse Count
C B A

Table 5.2

5.0 DISCUSSION :

What are the differences between synchronous counter and asynchronous counter in this
practical work ?

6.0 CONCLUSION :
Summarize your experiment by relating to the outcome of this practical work.

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 Digital Electronics

APPENDIX

IC PIN-OUT DIAGRAMS

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 DEE 20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
PRACTICAL SKILL ASSESSMENT (PLO5/P4/CLS3a, 3c/CLO2)
PRACTICAL WORK :
NO NAME: STUDENT ID
1

STUDENTS
Criteria 1 2 3 4 5 SCORE
1 2 3 4
Student was able to
Student was able to Student was able to identify x2
Student was unable to identify and select more Student was able to
IC Selection & identify and select less and select all IC’s quickly
identify and select any than half but less than identify and select all
Identification than half of the IC and without the help of the
IC three quarter of the IC needed IC’s
needed lecturer
needed
Student was able to Student was able to Student was able to
Circuit Student failed to Student constructed construct part of the construct all the circuits construct all the circuits x5
Construction construct the circuits the circuits incorrectly circuits correctly under correctly under excellently without the help
supervision of the lecturer supervision of the lecturer of the lecturer

1 2 3
Functional of
Circuit x5
Circuit was not
Circuit was partly operational Circuit was fully operational
working
Student was able to
Student was unable to Student performed the Student was able to Student was able to do
Trouble troubleshoot the circuit
Shooting
perform any trouble troubleshooting perform part of the
with the help of the
troubleshooting without the x4
shooting incorrectly troubleshooting correctly help of the lecturer
lecturer
Student demonstrated
Student demonstrated
Student did not Student only Student demonstrated proper safety practices most
Practice of some safety practices
Safety
demonstrate proper demonstrated some
after he/she was reminded
proper safety practices of the times and ensured x1
safety practices safety practices most of the times they were practiced by
by the lecturer
others in the group
Clean-up procedures Clean-up Clean-up
Clean-up procedures Clean-up procedures are
Housekeeping are seldom used
are often missed generally used
procedures are procedures are most x1
consistently used consistently used
(A) Total 80

(B) Total = Result (10 MARKS) + Discussion (5 MARKS) + Conclusion (5 Marks) 20

Total (A) + (B) 100

 DEE 20033 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
INDIVIDUAL AND TEAMWORK (CLO3 , A3 , PLO9)
PRACTICAL WORK :
NO NAME: STUDENT ID
1
2
3
4

Student
Very Weak Weak Fair Good Very Good
ttribute Subattribute
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
1 2 3 4
High ability to foster
No clear evidence of ability Able to foster relationship and Able to foster relationship
Able to foster good good relationship and
to foster good relationships work together with other group and work together with other
relationship and work work together
Foster good and work together members towards goal group members towards
together with other group effectively with other
relationship effectively with other group achievement but with limited goal achievement with some
members towards goal group members
members towards goal effect and require effect(s) and require minor
achievement towards goal
achievement. improvement improvements
achievement
TEAMWORK

Able to demonstrate in Able to demonstrate in Show clear evidence

No clear evidence of ability
to assume alternate roles
Alternate
as a group leader and
Roles
group members
demonstrated in practice
Attempt to demonstrate in
practice the ability to practice the ability to to assume alternate
practice the ability to alternate
assume alternate roles as a assume roles as a group
roles as a group leader and
group leader and group alternate roles as a group leader and a group
group members but with
members with some effect(s) leader and a group member
limited effect and require
and require minor member demonstrated in
improvements
improvements to achieve the same goal practice

Able to very well

Not able to respect and Limited respect and Able to well respect and
Respect and Able to respect and accept respect and accept
accept opinion of others acceptance of others’ opinions accept opinion of others in
accept opinion of others in opinion of others in
that leads in achievement group’s achieving group’s
opinions achieving group’s objectives achieving group’s
to conflicts objectives objectives
objectives

Total Marks: [15m]

 PRACTICAL SKILL ASSESSMENT (PLO5/P4/CLS3a, 3c/CLO2) ONLINE

Score Description
Stud. Stud. Stud. Stud.
Aspect Score
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 5

Student was able to

Student was able to identify and select Student was able to identify
Student was unable Student was able to x2
IC Selection & identify and select more than half but and select all IC’s quickly
to identify and select identify and select all
Identification less than half of the less than three and without the help of the
any IC needed IC’s
IC needed quarter of the IC lecturer
needed

Student was able to Student was able to

Student was able to
construct part of the construct all the x5
Circuit Student failed to Student constructed construct all the circuits
circuits correctly circuits correctly
Construction construct the circuits the circuits incorrectly excellently without the help
under supervision of under supervision of
of the lecturer
the lecturer the lecturer

1 2 3
Functional of
x5
Circuit Circuit was not
Circuit was partly operational Circuit was fully operational
working

Student was able to Student was able to Student was able to do

Student was unable Student performed
Procedure perform part of the perform the perform the simulation x4
to perform any of the the simulation
(Simulation) simulation procedure simulation procedure procedure without any
simulation procedure procedure incorrectly
correctly with minimal errors. errors

Student recorded x2
Record the Student did not Student only recorded Student results were Student recorded the results
the results with
results record the results some results not fully recorded without any errors.
minimal errors

(A) Total 80

(B) Total = Result (10 MARKS) + Discussion (5 MARKS) + Conclusion (5 Marks) 20

Total (A) + (B) 100

Digital Electronics
Name:……………………………….…………………….. Registration No.: ………………………...
Class:……………………………………………………… Date :……………………………………...

EXPERIMENT :5
TOPIC : ASYNCHRONOUS AND SYNCHRONOUS COUNTER
RESULTS
A. ASYNCHRONOUS COUNTER

CLK B A
0
1
2
3
4
Table 5.1
1. Draw the State Diagram for table 5.1.

2. Determine the maximum decimal number.

B. SYNCHRONOUS COUNTER

Binary Counting Decimal

Number of
Sequence Count
Clock Pulse
C B A

Table 5.2

Experiment 5: Asynchronous And Synchronous Counter Page - 1 -

Digital Electronics
1. Draw the State Diagram for table 5.2.

2. Use K-map to derive the logic equations based on the excitation table below.

Qn Qn+1 Input

C B A C B A JC KC JB KB JA KA
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 X 0 X 1 X

0 0 1 0 1 0 0 X 1 X X 1

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 X X 0 1 X

0 1 1 1 0 0 1 X X 1 X 1

1 0 0 1 0 1 X 0 0 X 1 X

1 0 1 1 1 0 X 0 1 X X 1

1 1 0 1 1 1 X 0 X 0 1 X

1 1 1 0 0 0 X 1 X 1 X 1

A A A A A A

C B C B C B

C B C B C B

C B C B C B

CB CB
CB

JC = KC = JB =

Experiment 5: Asynchronous And Synchronous Counter Page - 2 -

Digital Electronics

A A A A A A

C B C B C B

C B C B C B

C B C B C B

CB CB CB

KB = JA = KA =

DISCUSSIONS

a) What are the differences between Synchronous Counter and Asynchronous Counter in this
experiment?

Experiment 5: Asynchronous And Synchronous Counter Page - 3 -

Digital Electronics

CONCLUSION

Experiment 5: Asynchronous And Synchronous Counter Page - 4 -