Ehandout DSD

Ship Security Awareness
Training
and Seafarers with
Designated Security Duties
Name:
Batch. No.: Instructor :

13- 393- SHIP SECURITY AWARENESS TRAINING AND Page No.: 2
SEAFARERS WITH DESIGNATED SECURITY DUTIES Revision No.: 03/April 2016
Ship Security Plan and the ISPS Code
Learning Outcomes
 know how to maintain the conditions set forth in a ship security plan
 know the maritime security terms, including elements that may relate to
piracy and armed robbery
 state the international maritime security policy and responsibilities of
Governments, companies and persons, including working knowledge of
elements that may relate to piracy and armed robbery
 state maritime security levels and their impact on security measures and
procedures aboard ship and in the port facilities
 state security reporting procedures
 know the requirements for drills and exercises under relevant conventions,
codes and IMO circulars, including working knowledge of those that may
relate to piracy and armed robbery
 state the procedures for conducting inspections and surveys and for the
control and monitoring of security activities specified in a ship security plan.
 know security-related contingency plans and the procedures for responding
to security threats.
Course Overview
 The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) is a
comprehensive set of measures to enhance the security of ships and port facilities.
Development and Implementation of the ISPS Code

 The USCG, as the lead agency in the US delegation to the IMO, advocated for the
measure.
 The Code was agreed at a meeting of the 108 signatories to the SOLAS convention
in London in December 2002.
 The measures agreed under the Code were brought into force on July 1, 2004.
Purpose of the Code

 To provide a standardized, consistent framework for evaluating risk, enabling
Governments to offset changes in threat with changes in vulnerability for ships and
port facilities through determination of appropriate security levels and
corresponding security measures.
 These new requirements form the international framework through which ships and
port facilities can co-operate “to detect and deter acts” which threaten security in
the maritime transport sector.
Competences to be Achieved
 The training aims to develop awareness in order to identify and prevent such
actions through:
 proper planning,
 preparation and
 coordination with various entities
Current Security Threats and Patterns
Threat
A threat to the shipping industry is any criminal or terrorist action affecting operations and
potentially causing considerable commercial loss.
Piracy
The following definition of piracy is contained in article 101 of the 1982 United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
“Piracy” consists of any of the following acts:
(a) any illegal acts of violence or detention, or any act of depredation,
committed for private ends by the crew or the passengers of a private ship
or a private aircraft, and directed:
(i) on the high seas, against another ship or aircraft, or against persons
or property on board such ship
or aircraft;
(ii) against a ship, aircraft, persons or property in a place outside the
jurisdiction of any State;
(b) any act of voluntary participation in the operation of a ship or of an aircraft with
knowledge of facts
making it a pirate ship or aircraft;
(c) any act inciting or of intentionally facilitating an act described in sub-paragraph (a) or
(b).”
“Armed robbery against ships” means any of the following acts:

.1 any illegal act of violence or detention or any act of depredation, or threat thereof,
other than an act of piracy, committed for private ends and directed against a ship or
against persons or property on board such a ship, within a State’s internal waters,
archipelagic waters and territorial sea;
.2 any act of inciting or of intentionally facilitating an act described above.
Other Threats to Maritime Security

 Terrorism
 Contraband smuggling
 Stowaways and refugees
 Cargo theft
 Collateral damage
SOLAS XI-2 Regulation 1

DEFINITIONS
Ship Security Plan
a plan developed to ensure the application of measures on board the ship
designed to protect persons on board, cargo, cargo transport units, ship’s stores or the
ship from the risks of a security incident.
Company Security Officer

the person designated by the Company for ensuring that a ship security assessment
is carried out; that a ship security plan is developed, submitted for approval, and thereafter
implemented and maintained and for liaison with port facility security officers and the ship
security officer.
Ship Security Officer

the person on board the ship, accountable to the master, designated by the Company as
responsible for the security of the ship, including implementation and maintenance of the
ship security plan and for liaison with the company security officer and port facility security
officers.
Port facility
Is a location, as determined by the Contracting Government or by the Designated
Authority, where the ship/ port interface takes place. This includes areas such as
anchorages waiting berths and approaches from seaward, as appropriate.
Ship/Port interface
the interactions that occur when a ship is directly and immediately affected by
actions involving the movement of persons, goods or the provisions of port services to or
from the ship.
Ship-to-ship activity
any activity not related to a port facility that involves the transfer of goods or
persons from one ship to another.
Port Facility Security Officer

the person designated as responsible for the development, implementation, revision
and maintenance of the port facility security plan and for liaison with the ship security
officers and company security officers.
Designated Authority
the organization(s) or the administration(s) identified, within the Contracting Government,
as responsible for ensuring the implementation of the provisions of this chapter pertaining
to port facility security and ship/port interface, from the point of view of the port facility.
Recognized security organization

an organization with appropriate expertise in security matters and with appropriate
knowledge of ship and port operations authorized to carry out an assessment, or a
verification, or an approval or a certification activity, required by this chapter or by part A
of the ISPS Code.
Declaration of Security
an agreement reached between a ship and either a port facility or another ship with
which it interfaces, specifying the security measures each will implement.
Security Incident
any suspicious act or circumstance threatening the security of a ship, including a
mobile offshore drilling unit and a high-speed craft, or of a port facility or of any ship/port
interface or any ship-to-ship activity.
Security Level
the qualification of the degree of risk that a security incident will be attempted or
will occur.
SOLAS XI-2 Regulation 1, Definition

Security level 1
the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be maintained
at all times.
Security level 2
the level for which appropriate additional protective security measures shall be
maintained for a period of time as a result of heightened risk of a security incident.
Security level 3
the level for which further specific protective security measures shall be maintained
for a limited period of time when a security incident is probable or imminent, although it
may not be possible to identify the specific target.
Piracy and Armed robbery

 Acts of piracy and armed robbery against ships are of tremendous concern
to IMO and to shipping in general. The fight to prevent and suppress these acts is
linked to the measures to improve security on ships and in port facilities, adopted in
December 2002.
Relevant international conventions, codes, and recommendations

 ISPS Code Implementation
• The ISPS Code is implemented through chapter XI-2 Special measures to
enhance maritime security in the International Convention for the Safety of
Life at Sea (SOLAS).
• The Code has two parts, “A” mandatory and “B” recommendatory.
The ISPS Code is part of SOLAS so compliance is mandatory for the Contracting Parties to
SOLAS.
SOLAS Amendments
 SOLAS Chapter XI
(Special Measures to Enhance Maritime Safety was re-numbered as Chapter XI-1)
 A new Chapter XI-2 was added
(Special Measures to Enhance Maritime Security)
 The measures adopted in 2002 include

 Modifications to SOLAS Chapter V Regulation 19 (Safety of Navigation)
 Automatic Identification System (AIS)
 All ships greater than 300 GRT to be fitted with AIS (from July to December
2004)
SOLAS Chapter XI-2 Regulation 6

 Message transmitted by the Ship Security Alert System (SSAS)
 Identity of the ship,
 its location and
 indicating that the security of the ship is under threat or it has been compromised.
 The system will not raise any alarm on-board the ship.
Special Measures to Enhance Maritime Security

 Applies to passenger ships and, cargo ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards,
including:
 high speed craft,
 mobile offshore drilling units and port facilities serving such ships
engaged on international voyages.
Relevant government legislation and regulations

 In order to determine what security measures are appropriate, Governments must
assess the threat and evaluate the risk of a potential unlawful act.
 The ISPS Code provides a standardized, consistent framework for managing risk
and permitting the meaningful exchange and evaluation of information between
Contracting Governments, Companies, Port facilities, and Ships.
Role of the Port State Control

A ship, which is required to comply with the requirements of Chapter XI-2 and the
ISPS Code, is subject to control and compliance measures when in a port of another
Contracting Government by officers duly authorized by that Government.
Governments may refuse entry into their ports to those ships which have failed to
comply with the ISPS Code.
Ships which call at port facilities which have failed to comply with the ISPS Code,
although they may hold a valid International Ship Security Certificate, may be faced with
additional security requirements at subsequent ports of call, leading to delays and possibly
denial of port entry.
Security Responsibilities
 Contracting Governments
 Set security levels
 Provide guidance for protection from security incidents
At Security level 3
 Shall issue appropriate instructions
 Shall provide security related information to the ships and port facilities that may be
affected.
 Approving PFSA
 Determining the port facilities which will be required to designate a PFSO
 Approving a PFSP
 Exercise Control of ships in port
 Establishing the requirements for a DOS
 Approving PFSA
 Determining the port facilities which will be required to designate a PFSO
 Approving a PFSP
 Exercise Control of ships in port
 Establishing the requirements for a DOS
 Recognized Security Organizations

An organization with appropriate expertise in security matters and with appropriate
knowledge of ship and port operations authorized to carry out an assessment, or a
verification, or an approval or a certification activity, required by this chapter or by part A
of the ISPS Code.
 The company
 The Company shall ensure that the ship security plan contains a clear
statement emphasizing the master’s authority.
 The Company shall establish in the ship security plan that the master has the
overriding authority and responsibility to make decisions with respect to the
security of the ship and to request the assistance of the Company or of any
Contracting Government as may be necessary
 The Company shall ensure that the company security officer, the master and
the ship security officer are given the necessary support to fulfill their duties
and responsibilities in accordance with Chapter XI-2 and this part of the
Code.
 The ship
A ship to which SOLAS Chapter XI applies. Various segments of Chapter XI and the
ISPS Code discuss the persons, activities, plans, documentation and so forth that a ship
will be exposed to in a security context.
 The port facility

 A port facility is required to act upon the security levels set by the
Contracting Government within whose territory it is located.
 Security measures and procedures shall be applied at the port facility in
such a manner as to cause a minimum of interference with, or delay to,
passengers, ship, ship’s personnel and visitors, goods and services
 Ship Security Officer

 Ship security officer means the person on board the ship, accountable to the
master, designated by the Company as responsible for the security of the
ship, including implementation and maintenance of the ship security plan
and for liaison with the company security officer and port facility security
officers.
 Completes the DOS for the ship
 Company Security Officer

 Company security officer means the person designated by the Company for
ensuring that a ship security assessment is carried out; that a ship security
plan is developed, submitted for approval, and thereafter implemented and
maintained and for liaison with port facility security officers and the ship
security officer.
 Port Facility Security Officer

 Port facility security officer means the person designated as responsible for
the development, implementation, revision and maintenance of the port
facility security plan and for liaison with the ship security officers and
company security officers.
 Completes the DOS for the Port facility.
 Seafarers with Designated Security Duties

 Shall understand their responsibilities for ship security as described in the ship
security plan and shall have sufficient knowledge and ability to perform their
assigned duties.
 Port Facility Personnel with designated security duties

 Port facility personnel having specific security duties should have knowledge
and receive training, in some or all of the following, as appropriate
1. knowledge of current security threats and patterns;
2. recognition and detection of weapons, dangerous substances and devices;
3. recognition of characteristics and behavioural patterns of persons who are likely
to threaten security;
4. techniques used to circumvent security measures;
5. crowd management and control techniques;
6. security related communications;
7. operations of security equipment and systems;
8. testing, calibration and maintenance of security equipment and systems;
9. inspection, control, and monitoring techniques; and
10. methods of physical searches of persons, personal effects, baggage, cargo, and
ship’s stores.
other personnel
 All other port facility personnel should have knowledge of and be familiar with
relevant provisions of the PFSP, in some or all of the following, as appropriate:
.1 the meaning and the consequential requirements of the
different security levels;
.2 recognition and detection of weapons, dangerous substances and devices;

.3 recognition of characteristics and behavioural patterns of persons who are likely to
threaten the security; and
.4 techniques used to circumvent security measures.
Security Level
 A ship is required to act upon the security levels set by Contracting Governments.
Actions Required by Different Security Levels

Security Level 1, NORMAL
 the level at which ships and port facilities normally operate.

 minimum protective security measures shall be maintained at all times.
Security Level 2, HEIGHTENED

 the level applying for as long as there is a heightened risk of a security incident.
 additional protective security measures shall be maintained for a period of time.
Security Level 3, EXCEPTIONAL

 the level applying for the period of time when there is a probable or imminent risk
of a security incident.
Action on change of security level

 Whenever security level 2 or 3 is set by the Administration
 The ship shall acknowledge receipt of the instructions on change of the security
level.
Reporting Security Incidents

ICC-IMB
 The ICC International Maritime Bureau (IMB) is a specialized division of the

International Chamber Of Commerce (ICC).
 The Centre is based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It maintains a round-the-clock

watch acting as the focal point against acts of piracy and armed robbery.
 Supported by financial contributions from the shipping industry, its services are free
and are available to all ships irrespective of flag.
The key services provided by the Center are:The key services provided by the Center are:
 To receive reports from ships of suspicious or unexplained craft movements and

actual boarding and armed robbery, and to alert other ships and law enforcement
agencies in the region.
 To issue regular status reports of piracy and armed robbery via routine broadcast
on INMARSAT-C through its safetyNET service.
 To collate and analyze all information received and to issue consolidated reports to
interested bodies, including IMO.
Drills and Exercises

 The objective of drills and exercises is to ensure that shipboard personnel are
proficient in all assigned security duties at all security levels and the identification of
any security related deficiencies, which need to be addressed.
 should be conducted at least once every three months.
 in cases where more than 25 percent of the ship’s personnel has been changed
 Within one week of the change.
 company security officers,
 port facility security officers,
 relevant authorities of Contracting Governments
 ship security officers,
 should be carried out at least once each calendar year with no more than 18
months between the exercises.
 These exercises should test communications, coordination, resource availability,
and response.
 These exercises may be:

.1 full scale or live;
.2 tabletop simulation or seminar; or
.3 combined with other exercises held such as search and rescue or emergency
response exercises.
 Company participation in an exercise with another Contracting Government should
be recognized by the Administration.
Risk Assessment and Methodology

 The ship security assessment is an essential and integral part of the process of
developing and updating the ship security plan.
Ship Security Assessment

 ISPS Code Part A, Section 8
.1 identification of existing security measures, procedures and operations;
Security procedures may include (but are not limited to):
 Procedures for response to emergency conditions (fire, flooding…)
 Procedures for security patrols
 Procedures for handling surveillance equipment, if any
 Procedures for handling security communication systems
 Procedure for handling security doors, barriers and lighting
.2 identification and evaluation of key ship board operations that it is important to protect;
 Operations
 Systems and equipment
 Areas and spaces on-board the ship
 Crew and personnel on-board
 Critical elements
The critical operations may include:

 cargo handling,
 the ship stores handling, and
 the navigation.
The critical spaces may include:
 the stores,
 the bridge,
 the machinery spaces including the Engine
 Control Room (ECR) and
 the steering control station.
The critical systems may include the security alert system.
.3 identification of possible threats to the key ship board operations and the likelihood of
their occurrence, in order to establish and prioritize security measures;
What are the possible situations, which could motivate security threats:
 Political
 Image
 Economical
 Fear driven
.4 identification of weaknesses, including human factors in the infrastructure, policies and
procedures.
Assessment Tools
 The use of checklist to perform assessment of security in day-to-day operations
should therefore be discussed, noting the inclusion of categories such as the
following:
 General layout of the ship
 Location of areas that should have restricted access, such as the bridge,
engine-room, radio room, etc.
 Location and function of each actual or potential access point to the ship
 Open deck arrangement including the height of the deck above water
 Emergency and stand-by equipment available to maintain essential services
 Numerical strength, reliability and security duties of the ship’s crew
 Existing security and safety equipment for protecting the passengers and
crew
 Existing agreements with private security companies for providing ship and
waterside security services
 Existing protective measures and procedures in practice, including
inspection, control and monitoring equipment, personnel identification
documents and communication, alarm, lighting, access control and other
appropriate systems.
On-scene Security Survey

 ISPS Code Part A, Section 8
The on-scene security survey is a very important part of the SSA.
Its objective is the examination and evaluation of existing shipboard protective
measures, procedures and operations for:
 Ensuring the performance of all security duties
 Monitoring restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have
access
ISPS Code Part A, Section 8

 Monitoring of deck areas and areas surrounding the ship
 Controlling the embarkation of persons and their effects (accompanied and
unaccompanied baggage and ship’s personnel effects)
 Supervising the handling of cargo and the delivery of the ship’s stores
 Ensuring that the ship security communication, information and equipment are
readily available
 The ship security assessment shall be documented, reviewed, accepted and
retained by the Company.
Emergency plans
 The emergency procedures established in the emergency plan or plans shall
provide decision support to masters for handling any combination of emergency
situations.
 The emergency plan or plans shall have a uniform structure and be easy to use.
Emergency preparedness, drills and exercisesSecurity Duties

1. access to the ship by ship’s personnel, passengers, visitors, etc;
2. restricted areas on the ship;
3. handling of cargo;
4. delivery of ship’s stores;
5. handling unaccompanied baggage;
6. monitoring the security of the ship.
Security Measures – Access to the ship

 The SSP should establish the security measures covering all means of access to the
ship identified in the SSA.
 access ladders;
 access gangways;
 access ramps;
 access doors, side scuttles, windows and ports;
 mooring lines and anchor chains; and
 cranes and hoisting gear.
Security Measures – Restricted Areas

 prevent unauthorized access;
 protect passengers, ship’s personnel, and personnel from port facilities or other
agencies authorized to be on board the ship;
 protect sensitive security areas within the ship; and
 protect cargo and ship’s stores from tampering.
Security Measures – Handling of Cargo

 prevent tampering
 prevent cargo that is not meant for carriage from being accepted and stored on
board the ship.
Security measures – Delivery of ship’s stores

 ensure checking of ship’s stores and package integrity
 prevent ship’s stores from being accepted without inspection
 prevent tampering; and
 prevent ship’s stores from being accepted unless ordered.
Security measures – Handling of unaccompanied baggage

 unaccompanied baggage (i.e. any baggage, including personal effects, which is
not with the passenger or member of ship’s personnel at the point of inspection or
search) is identified
 subjected to appropriate screening, including searching, before it is accepted on
board the ship.
Monitoring the Security of the Ship

 lighting;
 watch-keepers, security guards and deck watches including patrols; and
 automatic intrusion detection devices and surveillance equipment.
Execution of Contingency Plan

 Implementation of plans for a variety contingencies associated with terrorism and
other criminal activities.
 Possible responses in the case of:
 Bomb threats,
 Explosions,
 Piracy
 Armed robbery
 Hijacking, etc.
Contingency Planning
 Preparation of an effective SSP rest on a thorough assessment of all issues relating
to the security of the ship.
 Physical and operational characteristics,
 voyage pattern of the individual ship.
Security Incidents
 damage to, or destruction of, the ship or of a port facility,
 by explosive devices, arson, sabotage or vandalism;
 hijacking or seizure of the ship or of persons on board;
 tampering with cargo, essential ship equipment or systems or ship’s stores;
 unauthorized access or use, including presence of stowaways;
 smuggling weapons or equipment, including weapons of mass destruction;

 use of the ship to carry those intending to cause a security incident and/or their
equipment;
 use of the ship itself as a weapon or as a means to cause damage or destruction;;
 attacks from seaward whilst at berth or at anchor; and
 attacks whilst at sea.
Vulnerabilities
 conflicts between safety and security measures;
 conflicts between shipboard duties and security assignments;
 watch-keeping duties, number of ship’s personnel, particularly with implications on
crew fatigue, alertness and performance;
 any identified security training deficiencies; and
 any security equipment and systems, including communication systems.
Security Risks and Threats

 Recognize security risks and threats
 Explain the Declaration of Security.
 State the techniques used to circumvent security threats.
 Describe how to recognize potential security threats.
 Describe how to recognize weapons, dangerous substances and devices
and awareness of the damages.
 Define crowd management and control techniques.
 How to handle security-related information and security-related
communications.
 Demonstrate the methods for physical searches and non-intrusive
inspections.
 Addresses the security requirements that could be shared between a port facility
and a ship (or between ships) and shall state the responsibility for each.
 SOLAS XI-2/9.2.3
The minimum period for which Declarations of Security shall be kept for the last 10
calls at port facilities.
 Contracting Governments shall determine when a Declaration of Security is
required by assessing the risk the ship/port interface or ship to ship activity poses to
persons, property or the environment.
Completion of a DOS
 A ship can request completion of a Declaration of Security when:
 the ship is operating at a higher security level than the port facility or
another ship it is interfacing with;
 there is an agreement on a Declaration of Security between Contracting
Governments covering certain international voyages or specific ships on
those voyages;
 there has been a security threat or a security incident involving the ship or
involving the port facility, as applicable;
 the ship is at a port which is not required to have and implement an
approved port facility security plan
 the ship is conducting ship to ship activities with another ship not required to
have and implement an approved ship security plan.
The Declaration of Security shall be completed by:

 the master or the ship security officer on behalf of the ship; and, if appropriate,
 the port facility security officer or, if the Contracting Government determines
otherwise, by any other body responsible for shore-side security, on behalf of the
port facility.
Techniques used to circumvent security measures

 Failure of the security equipment or measure
 disabling of alarm systems
 picking of locks
 jamming of radio signals, etc.
 Deception
 Profiles, identities
 Distraction / diversion
 During the reconnaissance and attack
 Surprise
 Attack from unexpected direction time and place
Terrorist Profiling
 Action oriented individual
 Aggressive
 Stimulus hungry
 Excitement seekers
 Grudge driven
 Inferiority complex
 Suppressed/ Bullied
Persons posing potential security threats

 Avoid racial profiling and ethnic stereotyping
 Examples of suspicious behaviors include:
 Unknown persons photographing vessels or facilities.
 Unknown persons attempting to gain access to vessels or facilities.
 Individuals establishing businesses or roadside food stands either adjacent
or in proximity to facilities.
 Unknown persons loitering in the vicinity of vessels or port facilities for

extended periods of time.
 Unknown persons telephoning facilities to ascertain security, personnel, or
standard operating procedures.
 Vehicles with personnel in them loitering and perhaps taking photographs or
creating diagrams of vessels or facilities.
 Small boats with personnel on board loitering and perhaps taking
photographs or creating diagrams of vessels or facilities.
 General aviation aircraft operating in proximity to vessels or facilities.
 Persons who may be carrying bombs or participating in suicide squad
activities.
 Unknown persons attempting to gain information about vessels or facilities
by walking up to personnel or their families and engaging them in a
conversation.
 Vendors attempting to sell merchandise.
 Workmen trying to gain access to facilities to repair, replace, service, or
install equipment.
 E-mails attempting to obtain information regarding the facility, personnel, or
standard operating procedures.
 Package drop-offs/attempted drop-offs.
 Anti-national sentiments being expressed by employees or vendors.
 Anti-national pamphlets or flyers distributed to employees or placed on

windshields in parking lots
 Out-of-the-ordinary phone calls.
 Recreational boaters or persons aboard refugee craft posing as mariners in
distress to attract assistance from other vessels.
Weapons, dangerous substances and devices

 Objects that may pose serious threats to the crew or the ship.
 Substances and compounds that pose a hazard to personnel, vessels, and facilities.
 prohibited weapons
 explosives
 chemical, biological, and radiological devices
 Potential Weapons
 assault rifles
 machine guns
 RPG
 grenade launchers
 homemade mortars
 pipe bombs
 fertilizer bombs
 knives
 metal bars
 small arms
Letter and Package Bomb

Rocket Propelled Grenades

Crowd management and control techniques

 Understanding the behavior of people in groups during time of crisis
 Clear communication
 Vessel personnel
 Port facility personnel
 Passengers
 Others involved
 Behavioral response of people in crisis

 Denial
 People will assimilate perception into non-threatening framework
 Crew will continue normal behavior
 Panic
 Fear of the unknown
 Infrequent response
Communication interference
• Physical Factors
 Noise
 Obscured vision
 Poor hearing
• Psychological Factors
 Stress and Fatigue
 Information overload / Mix or conflicting messages
 Credibility of the message / sender
Information Security
 Protecting information and information systems from unauthorized access, use,
disclosure, disruption, modification, perusal, inspection, recording or destruction.
Threats to Information Security

 Security sensitive information
 specific category of information that requires protection against disclosure
Disclosure of Sensitive Information

 May result in loss of an advantage or level of security if disclosed to others who
might have low or unknown trustability or undesirable intentions.
Threats to information security

 Subversion
 Espionage
 Sabotage
 Terrorism
Physical searches and non-intrusive inspection

 Persons
 Personal effects
 Baggage
 Cargo
 Ship’s store
 Members of the ship’s crew should not be required to search their colleagues or
their personal effects unless there is a clear security ground for doing so.
 Any search shall be undertaken in a manner that fully takes into account the human
rights of the individual and preserves his or her basic human dignity.
Security Inspection
Execution of Security Procedures
 Ship Security Officer requires to carry out regular security inspections.
 Model Ship Security Plan
 Security measures and procedures at security level requires to:

 Ensure performance of all ship security duties;
 Control access to the ship;
 Control the embarkation of persons and their effects;
 Monitor restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have access;
 Monitor deck areas and areas surrounding the ship;
 Coordinate the security aspects of the handling of cargo and ship’s stores;
 Ensure security communication is readily available.
Execution and Coordination of Searches

 Search plan should be prepared in advance
 Basic equipment
 Flashlights
 Screw drivers, wrenches
 Mirrors
 Forms to record activities
Effective and efficient searches

 Crew members should not be allowed to search their own areas
 Search according to plan and carefully controlled
 Paired working party one searching high and one searching low, if suspicious
object is found, one pair can remain on guard while the other reports the find
 Recognition of suspicious items
 System for marking and recording “clean areas”
 Maintain contact with search controllers
 Weapons and other dangerous device may be intentionally placed as a means of
disguise
Various places of possible concealment onboardship

 Cabins
 Alleyways
 Toilet and showers
 Deck
 Engine room
 Galley and Stewards stores
Method of Protection
Access to the ship
 access ladders;
 access gangways;
 access ramps;
 access doors, side scuttles, windows and ports;
 mooring lines and anchor chains; and
 cranes and hoisting gear.
Purpose of the Restricted areas onboard the ship

 prevent unauthorized access
 protect passengers, ship’s personnel, and personnel from port facilities or
other agencies authorized to be on board the ship
 protect sensitive security areas within the ship; and
 protect cargo and ship’s stores from tampering.
Monitoring the security of the ship

 lighting;
 watch-keepers, security guards and deck watches including patrols; and
 automatic intrusion detection devices and surveillance equipment.
Handling of cargo
 prevent tampering; and
 prevent cargo that is not meant for carriage from being accepted and stored
on board the ship.
Delivery of ship’s stores

 ensure checking of ship’s stores and package integrity;
 prevent ship’s stores from being accepted without inspection;
 prevent tampering; and
 prevent ship’s stores from being accepted unless ordered
Embarkation, disembarkation, and access onboardship

 The Port Facility Security Plan should establish separate locations for checked and
unchecked persons and their effects and if possible separate areas for embarking/
disembarking passengers, ship’s personnel and their effects to ensure that
unchecked persons are not able to come in contact with checked persons.
Security Equipment and Systems
Ship Security Equipment

Deterrent Devices
 Discourage
 Prevent
 Delay
Detection Devices
 Observe
 Find
 Discover
 Notice
Deterrent Devices
 Lighting
 Fences
 Checkpoints
 Patrols
 Security notices
 Barriers
 Locks
 Safes
Detection System
 Lighting
 Patrols
 CCTV
 Alarm System
 Metal detector
Lighting
 Well lit area much less appealing to intruder
 Poorly lit area offers shadow to hide
 Timer switches
 Light level sensors
 Passive infrared detectors
 Wires can be cut
 Bulbs can be broken
CCTV
 Monitoring
 Visitors
 Cargo area
 Accommodation area
Limited area of coverage The camera may be broken Policy on recording and storage of
memory data
Alarm System
 Can be linked to other security measures
 Initiate CCTV recording
 Automatic Intrusion alarm
Patrols
 Portable Radio
 Batteries must be serviced daily
 Sufficient radios
 Common security frequency
 May not received signal in certain areas
 Signals can be jammed
Metal Detector
 Scanner
 Use to detect all metals
 Bleep when metal is detected
 Maintained regularly
Safe Box
 Burglary safe
 Security for storing cash, documents.
Key Lock System
Barriers
 Water spray
Razor wire barriers
Notice Board
“Danger electrified fence”
Notices and Markings

Anchor Chain Pipe Grating
Testing, Calibration, and Maintenance

 Security equipment and systems, if any, are properly operated, tested and
calibrated.
 The maintenance plan shall be kept on board the ship and shall be available for
inspection.
 Maintenance and testing deadlines are set within the defined parameters.
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Ship Security Awareness

Batch. No.: Instructor :

Ship Security Plan and the ISPS Code

Development and Implementation of the ISPS Code

Purpose of the Code

Current Security Threats and Patterns

“Armed robbery against ships” means any of the following acts:

Other Threats to Maritime Security

SOLAS XI-2 Regulation 1

Company Security Officer

Ship Security Officer

Port Facility Security Officer

Recognized security organization

SOLAS XI-2 Regulation 1, Definition

Piracy and Armed robbery

Relevant international conventions, codes, and recommendations

 The measures adopted in 2002 include

SOLAS Chapter XI-2 Regulation 6

Special Measures to Enhance Maritime Security

Relevant government legislation and regulations

Role of the Port State Control

 Recognized Security Organizations

 The port facility

 Ship Security Officer

 Company Security Officer

 Port Facility Security Officer

 Seafarers with Designated Security Duties

 Port Facility Personnel with designated security duties

.2 recognition and detection of weapons, dangerous substances and devices;

Actions Required by Different Security Levels

 the level at which ships and port facilities normally operate.

Security Level 2, HEIGHTENED

Security Level 3, EXCEPTIONAL

Action on change of security level

Reporting Security Incidents

 The ICC International Maritime Bureau (IMB) is a specialized division of the

 The Centre is based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It maintains a round-the-clock

 To receive reports from ships of suspicious or unexplained craft movements and

Drills and Exercises

 These exercises may be:

Risk Assessment and Methodology

Ship Security Assessment

The critical operations may include:

On-scene Security Survey

ISPS Code Part A, Section 8

Emergency preparedness, drills and exercisesSecurity Duties

Security Measures – Access to the ship

Security Measures – Restricted Areas

Security Measures – Handling of Cargo

Security measures – Delivery of ship’s stores

Security measures – Handling of unaccompanied baggage

Monitoring the Security of the Ship

Execution of Contingency Plan

 smuggling weapons or equipment, including weapons of mass destruction;

Security Risks and Threats

The Declaration of Security shall be completed by:

Techniques used to circumvent security measures

Persons posing potential security threats

 Unknown persons loitering in the vicinity of vessels or port facilities for

 Anti-national pamphlets or flyers distributed to employees or placed on

Weapons, dangerous substances and devices

Letter and Package Bomb