Introduction to Arts

READING VISUAL ARTS

Aryan root word AR, meaning to join or
put together. Ar can be derive in two
greek verbs, Artizein, which means to
prepare, and Arkiskeins which means to
put together.

The latin terms ARS means everything

that is artificially made or composed by
man. (Escalm,1992)
 Art is a product of man’s need to express himself
F. Zalueta.
 Art is concerned with the communication of certain
ideas and feelings by means of sensous
medium,color,sound,bronze,marble,words and film.
C.Sanchez
 Art is that which brings life in harmony with the
beauty of the world. Plato
• Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind– one
which demands for its own satisfaction and fulfilling,
a shaping of matter to new and more significant
form-John Dewey
• Art is the skillful arrangement or composition of
some common but significant qualities of nature such
as colors, sounds, lines,movements,words,stones,
wood,etc. to express human feelings, emotions, or
thoughts in a perfect meaningful and enjoyable way.
Panizo and Rustia
• According to Webster,art is “human ingenuity in
adapting natural things to man’s use.
• Art is a highly diverse range of human activities
engaged in creating visual, auditory, or performed
artifacts- artworks--that express the author's
imaginative or technical skill, and are intended to be
appreciated for their beauty or emotional power.
• Art may be characterized in terms of mimesis (its
representation of reality), expression, communication
of emotion, or other qualities.
1. Art must be man-made
2.Art must be creative,not imitative
3. Art must benefit and satisy man and man must
make use of art in practical terms.
4. Art is expressed trough a certain medium or
material by which the artist communicates
himself to his fellows.
 ART
VISUAL ART PERFORMING LITERARY ART
-painting ART
-sculpture -theatre -poems
-architecture
-drawing -dance -novels
-photography -performing
-print making art -music
-graphic design
-interior design
-film -poetry art
 What is Artist?
Comes from a FRENCH word “I’artiste” and
Spanish word “artista”. Which means
performer.
-It is a person who exhibits exceptional skills
in design,drawing,painting and who works in
performing arts.
ART MUST BE PERFECT
 ART MUST BE PERFECT
MISCONCEPTION:
Because it is art, everything must
be well-thought- out and properly
executed. It requires nothing more
than perfection, and anything less
is considered invalid.
REALITY:
In the words of the most famous
surrealist, Salvador Dali, “Have no
fear of perfection, you’ll never reach
it.” While the concept of
perfection is already unrealistic,
then so is the idea of trying to
perfect something that has never
been done – especially if it is your
original work.
Drawing And Painting Go Hand In Hand
 Drawing And Painting Go Hand In Hand
MISCONCEPTION:
Because painting is simply a
colored drawing, one must first
learn how to draw before he/she
can paint. Very much like not
being able to run if you cannot
walk, the artist must first learn
how to draw a decent line, before
he/she could paint inside it.
REALITY:
As Leonardo Da Vinci once said,
“Painting embraces all the 10 functions of the
eye: darkness, light, body, and color, shape and
location, distance and closeness, motion and
rest.” Painting requires its own set of
skills. Being good at drawing does not
necessarily make you a good painter – in
fact, some artists do not even have to
draw in the canvas just so they could
paint.
More colors are always better
 More Colors Are Always Better
MISCONCEPTION:
Because art is all about artistic
value and colors are all about
raising it, naturally, more colors
equal more aesthetic value.
REALITY:
In the words of Henri Matisse, “A colorist
makes his presence known even in a simple
charcoal drawing.”
The number of colors used does not make
the painting – it is how those colors are
used. With proper contrasting and toning,
an artist can make a painting come to life
with only two colors at hand, as
compared to those who use the entire
spectrum.
Small Canvases Over Big Canvases
 Small Canvases Over Big Canvases
MISCONCEPTION:
Because logic dictates that small
canvases are easier to paint than
big canvases, and they take up
less space and less time. Budget-
wise, it also saves up the amount
of paint used.
REALITY:
As Vincent Van Gogh once said, “Can you
believe it is not all easier to draw a figure about
a foot high than to draw a small one? On the
contrary, it is much more difficult.”
Why? It is because size is subjective. In
the end, it all comes down to what type of
painting you wanted to go for – you
cannot apply ‘one size fits all’ if your goal
is to envelop your viewers.
Painting Is Easy
 Painting Is Easy

MISCONCEPTION: REALITY:
Because they have talent, it As stated by Edgar Degas, “Painting is easy
should not take long for an artist when you don’t know how, but very difficult
to finish one painting. when you do.”

Everything an artist does with ease was

paid with many years of hard work and
practice.
Quantity equals Quality
 Quantity equals Quality
MISCONCEPTION:
Because higher prices often
indicate higher quality, therefore,
it’s not a good art if the price tag
is cheap
REALITY:
In the words of Andy Warhol, “Everything
has its beauty, but not everyone sees it.”
Sometimes the most ordinary paintings
will be unreasonably expensive.
Sometimes the best ones will be
ridiculously cheap. It is unjust to define a
painting’s quality through coins and bills.
ART IS UNIVERSAL
Art has always been timeless and
universal, spanning generations and
continents. In every country and every
generation, there is always art. People
oftentimes feel that what is considered
artistic are only those which have been
made a long time ago. However, age is
not a factor in determining art. And an
“...art is not good because it is old, but
old because it is good.”
Art is Not Nature
“One important characteristic of art is that it is not nature.
Art is man’s expression of his reception of nature. Art is
man’s way of interpreting nature. Art is made by man,
whereas nature is given around us” (Caslib et al., 2018 ).

…they are considered the opposite. What

we find in nature should not be expected to
be present in art too.
Art Involves Experience
To know what an artwork is, we have to sense
it, see, or hear it. In matters of art, the
subject’s perception is of primacy.
 Art Is Cultural

Art is a form of Communication

The visual arts are art forms that create works that are
primarily visual in nature, such as ceramics, drawing,
painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts,
photography, video, film making and architecture.
 FILM
•Film refers to the art of putting together
successions of still images in order to create an
illusion of movement.
•Filmmaking focuses on its aesthetic, cultural,and
social value and is considered both an
art and an industry.
PERFORMANCE ART

•Performance art is a live art and the artist’s

medium is mainly the human body
that he or she uses to perform, but also
employs other kinds of art such as
visual art, props, or sound.
 POETRY
PERFORMANCE

• Poetry is an art form where the artist expresses his

emotions not by using paint, charcoal, or camera,
but expresses them through words.
• Those words are carefully selected to exhibit clarity
and beauty and to stimulate strong emotions of joy,
anger, love, sorrow among others.
ARCHITECTURE

• Art is the pursuit and creation of beautiful things

while architecture is the making of beautiful
buildings
• Buildings should represent these three important
elements-plan, construction, and design- if they wish
to merit the title architecture (Collins & Riley, 1931).
 DANCE

• Dance is a series of movements that follows the

rhythm of the music accompaniment.
• Dancing is a creative art form that allows people to
freely express themselves.
• It has no rules.
LITERARY ART

• Artist who practice literary arts use words-not paint,

musical instruments or chisels – to express
themselves and communicate emotions to the
readers.
• It focuses on writing using unique style, not
following a specific format or norm.
THEATER

• Theater uses live performers to present accounts or

imaginary events before a live audience.
• Some genres of theater include drama, musical,
tragedy, comedy, and improvisation.
APPLIED ARTS

• Applied art is incorporating elements of style and

design to everyday items to increase their
aesthetical value.
• Industrial design, interior design, fashion design, and
graphic design are considered applied arts.
 Sculpture

• This form of visual arts characterized as the art of

representing an imagined or observed objects in
hard materials such as glass, metals, or wood in
three dimensions.
 Drawing

• This form of art enhances the way we see the world

around and conditions us to capture its details in a
two-dimensional medium. This has been a critical
element of art throughout history and in the
contemporary art world
PRINTMAKING

• Printmaking. It is an art that is made by covering a

plate with ink and pressing it on the surface of
another object. Today prints are mostly produced on
paper today but originally, they were pressed on
cloth or other objects. Plates are often made out of
wood or metal.
PAINTING

• Painting. This form of visual art aims to evoke an

emotion from the viewers. It is practice by applying
colors or other media to a surface with a brush or
other objects.
 EDUCATIONAL
FUNCTION
• Art can be a means to pass down the
values, attitudes and history of a
culture. Art can also be an effective
tool to educate, e.g. a mounted play
about an important historical event, or
ancient scrolls and diagrams of
prehistoric people.
ECONOMIC FUNCTION

Art serves its economic purpose, as

there are creations of art that are also
useful in the society. Also, paintings,
sculptures, and other works of art are
worth millions of money
AESTHETIC FUNCTION

An artwork is a direct source of

sensual pleasure and it elicits perhaps
an intrinsically aesthetic response.
RELIGIOUS FUNCTION

People in the prehistoric period relied

on works of art to worship their gods,
as evidenced by statues of gods, and
deities, as well as makeshift temples
and places for worship. Most of the
art forms evolved from religion.
PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ART

• ART AS AN IMITATION
- In Plato’s metaphysics or view of reality, the things in this
world are only copies of the original, the eternal, and the
true entities that can only be found in the World of Forms

- For example, the chair that one sits on is not a real chair. It
is an imperfect copy of the perfect “chair” in the World of
Forms”
PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON
ART
 PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ART

• Plato was deeply suspicious of arts and artists for two

reasons:
- They appeal to the emotion rather to the rational faculty of
men.
- They imitate rather than lead one to reality.
 PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ART

• Poetry rouses emotions and feelings and thus, clouds

rationality of people.
• Art is just an imitation of imitation. A painting is just an
imitation of nature which is also just an imitation of reality in
the World of Forms.
 PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ART

• ART as a REFLECTION OF SOCIETY

- Aristotle defends art by saying that in the
appreciation of art the viewer receives a certain
“cognitive value” from the experience (Stumpf,
p 99). “This is to say that through the
perception of art one gains a certain
understanding about the nature of reality...
 PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ART

• ART AS A DISINTERESTED JUDGEMENT

- Immanuel Kant, in his Critique of Judgement, considered the
judgement of beauty, the cornerstone of art, as something
than can be universal despite its subjectivity.
- Kant recognized that judgement of beauty is subjective.
HOW ARE THESE TWO STATEMENTS DIFFERENT?

•“I LIKE THIS PAINTING.”

•“THIS PAINTING IS BEAUTIFUL.”
 PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ART

• Making an aesthetic judgement require us to be

disinterested. In other words, we should try to go
beyond our individual tastes and preferences so that
we can appreciate art from a universal standpoint.
 AESTHETIC ART

• The word "aesthetic" is derived from the Greek "aisthetikos,"

meaning "esthetic, sensitive, or sentient.
• Aesthetics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the
nature and appreciation of art, beauty, and taste
 PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ART

• ART AS A COMMUNICATION OF EMOTION

- According to Leo Tolstoy, art plays a huge role in
communication with its audience’s emotions that the artist
previously experienced.
- Art then serves as a language; a communication device that
articulates feelings and emotions that are otherwise
unavailable to the audience.
Content Representational
 Art Representational artwork aims to represent
actual objects or subjects from reality. We can
easily identify with recognizable subjects in a
painting, drawing or sculpture. This makes
representational art widely accepted among
masses.
Abstract Art
 Abstract art aims to take subjects from reality but presents
them in the way that is different from the way they are
viewed in our reality.
Wassily Kandinsky, The Rider, 1911
Wassily Kandinsky, Black Grid, 1922, via Luxe
Beat

Wassily Kandinsky, On White II, 1923

Non-objective Art
 Non-objective art takes nothing from reality. It is created
purely for aesthetic reasons. Non-objective art is abstract
or non-representational art. It tends to be geometric and
does not represent specific objects, people, or other
subjects found in the natural world.
Robert Delaunay, Le Premier
Disque, 1913
Kazimir Malevich’s Black Square

Lavender Mist by Jackson Pollock

1. Theme - relates to the meaning of painting, rather
than the subject, which is specific and basic.
2. Mood - Is the atmosphere in the artwork or the
feeling expressed. Is the art tranquil, or is it dark or
disturbing
3. Tone - refers to the lightness or darkness of colors
used, which can help to create a sense of depth or
distance in art.
 Arts subjects encourage self-expression and
creativity.
 Studying arts subjects also help to develop critical
thinking and the ability to interpret the world
around us.
 Studying art and design provides the opportunity to
acquire new skills.
 Knowledge of different art forms, media and
techniques you can also gain special skills in areas
such as photography and digital technologies.
 INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY

• Draw a product of an art that can be seen in your home,

school or in the environment. Trace the beginning of an item
then identify what function it has in the history.
Example: Dining room and or a spoon. (The last supper)
www.reallygreatsite.com
 QUIZ

TEST 1: IDENTIFICATION
1. Art is derived from the Latin word “______” which means “Ability or
Skill”
2-4 Three types of arts
5. The __________are art forms that create works that are primarily visual
in nature
6. An _____ is person who exhibits exceptional skills in
design,drawing,painting and who works in performing arts.
 QUIZ

TEST 2: ENUMERATION
7-12.ENUMERATE THE MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT ART
13-17- ENUMERATE THE ASSUMPTIONS OF ART
18-20 GIVE AT LEAST THREE TYPES OF ART
EXPRESSION AND MEDIUM OF EXPRESSION
21-24 DISCUSS 2 FUNCTIONS OF AN ART
25. NAME OF YOUR TEACHER