2023

Communication Theory

RITUAL RATHER
THAN
TRANSMISSIONAL
PERSPECTIVES
CULTURAL ANALYSIS
PRAYER

Father God,
As we start this new day for new learning, we ask for Your
guidance.
Lead us all the way. May you let us see through your eyes,
listen through your ears, and speak with your mouth.
Be with us as we explore the world.
Give us the heart to love and be kind to one another. Please
watch over all our teachers, children, and families.
In Jesus’ name. Amen.

1.2
INTERACTIVE
ACTIVITY
What is Communication?

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COMMUNICATION

“There are broadly two types of definition of communication. The

first sees it as a process by which A sends the messages to B upon
whom it has an effect. The second sees it as a negotiation and
exchange of meaning, in which messages, people-in-cultures, and
'reality' interact so as to enable meaning to be produced.”
— John Fiske, Key Concepts in Communication and Cultural
Studies

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ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION

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TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

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FORMS OF COMMUNICATION

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CULTURAL ANALYSIS AS A DISCIPLINE

As a discipline, cultural analysis is based on using qualitative research

methods of the arts, humanities, social sciences, in particular ethnography and
anthropology, to collect data on cultural phenomena and to interpret cultural
representations and practices; in an effort to gain new knowledge or
understanding through analysis of that data and cultural processes.

I
CULTURAL ANALYSIS

Deals with communication and communication processes among people with

diverse cultural backgrounds and people in different social groups.

II
CULTURAL ANALYSIS

“The interaction of culture and communication is so pervasive that separating

the two is virtually impossible. The way you communicate is deeply
influenced by the culture in which you were raised.”
- (Bovee and Thill, 2016)

III
VIEWS OF COMMUNICATION

Transmission View
Communication links the ways messages are transmitted and received via
technology with the composition of these messages (or more broadly, as
communicative relationships), and with the analysis of the effects of these
communicative acts.

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VIEWS OF COMMUNICATION

Ritual Views
Communication is a central daily ritual that helps form and sustains
communities.

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TRANSMISSION VS. RITUAL

COMPARE TRANSMISSION RITUAL

METAPHOR • Transportation • Production

• Meaning as 'thing' pre- • Meaning as constructed
MESSAGES
existing • Meaning
ALTERS
• Behavior • Influences on society
FOCUS • Effects on individuals • Sense of Community
PURPOSE • Control/persuasion 9
JAMES CAREY

He proposed the ritual view of communication, wherein communication–the

construction of a symbolic reality–represents, maintains, adapts, and shares
the beliefs of society in time.

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RITUAL VIEW OF COMMUNICATION

Carey defines the ritual view, particularly in terms of sharing, participation,

association, and fellowship. Similarly, the term "ritual" holds religious
connotations. For Carey, this connection to religion helps to emphasize the
concept of shared beliefs and ceremonies that are fundamental to the ritual
view.

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RITUAL VIEW OF COMMUNICATION (SCOPE)

Carey continues, that, "though news changes little…it is habitually

consumed." In this way, the ritual view of communication is concerned with
the presentation of reality at a particular moment in time, and how individuals
interact and share in it.

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RITUAL VIEW OF COMMUNICATION (IMPORTANCE)

Thinking of communication as a ritual is a useful theoretical strategy because

it draws our attention toward the social consequences of communication.
Thinking of communication as a ritual reminds us, finally, of the importance
of communication in the moral life, and of our roles in life as moral agents.

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 INTERACTIVE
ACTIVITY

For you, what is the purpose of the ritual

view of communication? How can it be
utilized?

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RITUAL VIEW OF COMMUNICATION (UTILIZATION)

Due to the qualitative means of the ritual view of communication, it is more

utilized in fields such as anthropology, sociology, and politics wherein
directly stated answers that are not numerical are exactly needed.

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QUIZ

FILL IN THE BLANKS: Complete the

statements by writing the appropriate
words in the answer blank.

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QUIZ

1. What refers to the process through which we

express, interpret, and coordinate messages?

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QUIZ

2. This refers to the person who GIVES the

information in a communication process.

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QUIZ

3. This refers to the person who RECEIVES the

information in a communication process.

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QUIZ

4. This refers to the other factors that affect the

communication process.

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QUIZ

5. This form of communication is done using a

medium such as television or radio.

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QUIZ

6. This view of communication links the ways

messages are transmitted and received via
technology.

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QUIZ

7. This view of communication refers to a central

daily ritual that helps form and sustain
communities.

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QUIZ

8. Ritual view of communication alters on which

factor?
A. Behavior
B. Meaning

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QUIZ

9. He proposed the ritual view of communication.

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QUIZ

10. On Careyʼs statement, “it emphasizes the concept

of shared beliefs and ceremony that are fundamental to
the ritual view,” on which field is he relating the ritual
view of communication?
A. Religion
B. Anthropology
C. Politics 26
QUIZ

11 - 15. Give the learnings that you have successfully

acquired in todayʼs lesson.

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ANSWERS

1. Communication 6. Transmission View

2. Sender 7. Ritual View
3. Receiver 8. B. Meaning
4. Noises 9. James Carey
5. Mass Communication 10. A. Religion

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COMMUNICATION THEORY
Cultural Analysis

Thank you
for listening!
Ritual Rather Than Transmissional Perspectives