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TEST-18
TEST BOOKLET

GENERAL STUDIES (P) 2023 – Test – 3802

C
Time Allowed: Two Hours Maximum Marks: 200

INSTRUCTIONS

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1. Consider the following statements:
1. It is the largest of the living sea turtles.
2. Jellyfish is its primary food.
3. It is found in the tropical and temperate
waters.
Which of the following species is best
described by the statements given above?
(a) Leatherback turtle
(b) Kemp's ridley turtle
(c) Oliveridley turtle
(d) Loggerhead turtle
2. Which of the following statements best
describes the term ‘Ecological Fiscal
Transfers’?
(a) It is a methodology to estimate the
economic value of ecosystem products or
services that contribute to the production
of commercially marketed goods.
(b) It is a method to estimate tcost of
pollution based on what people are ready
to spend to prevent the damage of the
environment.
(c) It is the compensation provided to local
governments for biodiversity loss due to
implementation of the Union
government's projects.
(d) It is an instrument of revenue sharing
scheme or intergovernmental transfers
based on ecological indicators.
3. Consider the following statements regarding
natural farming:
1. It is a diversified farming system that
integrates crops, trees, and livestock with
functional biodiversity.
2. Natural farming is promoted as Bharatiya
Prakritik Krishi Paddhati Programme
(BPKP) under the Paramparagat Krishi
Vikas Yojana (PKVY).
3. Madhya Pradesh has the largest area
under natural farming in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
4. Consider the following statements with
reference to the ecological succession:
1. The primary succession occurs over a
barren area which usually lacks topsoil
and organic matter.
2. The recolonisation of an area damaged by
fire is an example of primary succession.
3. Each transitional community that is
formed and replaced during succession is
called a seral community.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 2 and 3 only
(b) 1 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1 and 3 only
5. In 1988, British ecologist Norman Myers
introduced the concept of 'biodiversity
hotspots'. Consider the following statements
with respect to biodiversity hotspots:
1. For a place to be declared a biodiversity
hotspot, it should have at least 1500
endemic animal species.
2. The Sundaland Biodiversity Hotspot and
Indo-Burma hotspot are the only two
biodiversity hotspots present in India.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
6. Which one of the following is the objective of
the EMIT mission launched by NASA?
(a) To return a sample of crustal material
from a small near-Earth asteroid.
(b) To map prevalence of key minerals in
dust-producing deserts on earth.
(c) To orbit and study the planet Jupiter.
(d) To provide satellite internet access
coverage to remote tropical rainforest
areas.
7. Which of the following biosphere reserves of 10. In the context of ecology, which of the
India is/are protected under UNESCO Man following statements best describes the
and Biosphere Reserve Programme? ecophene?
1. Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve (a) It is a phenotype of an organism when it
lives in a new environment for too long a
2. Panna Biosphere Reserve
time period.
3. Kachh Biosphere Reserve
(b) It refers to the population incapable of
4. Seshachalam Hills Biosphere Reserve
exchanging genes with other populations
Select the correct answer using the code given of the same species.
below. (c) It is a structural change in the
(a) 2 only chromosome, which cause changes in
(b) 1 and 2 only genetic makeup that result in the
(c) 3 and 4 only phenotypes leading to the formation of
(d) 2 and 3 only new ecological races.
(d) It is the first response or phenotype an
organism shows when it arrives in a new
8. Which of the following are advantages of
environment.
millets?
1. They are gluten-free and can be 11. Consider the following statements regarding
consumed by celiac disease patients. the light-mantled albatross:
2. They are highly adaptive to a wide range 1. It is a seabird native to the Antarctic seas
of ecological conditions and thrive well and forages over the cold Antarctic.
in rain-fed and arid climates. 2. It was recently spotted in India for the
3. They have a low Glycemic Index (GI). first time.
Select the correct answer using the code given 3. It is classified as near threatened on the
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
below.
Which of the statements given above is/are
(a) 1 and 2 only
correct?
(b) 2 and 3 only (a) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (b) 1 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 (c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
9. Which of the following functions and
ecosystem services are provided by a 12. Which of the following statements is correct
wetland? regarding the ecological pyramid of
numbers?
1. Purify and filter harmful waste including
(a) It represents the total number of
heavy metal from water
individuals of same species at each
2. Nutrients recycling
trophic level.
3. Climate change mitigation (b) In grassland and aquatic ecosystems, it is
4. Groundwater recharge of spindle-shaped.
Select the correct answer using the code given (c) In a forest ecosystem, it is upright
below. because large sized trees are the
(a) 2 and 4 only producers.
(b) 1 and 2 only (d) In an aquatic ecosystems, it is upright due
(c) 1 and 4 only to decrease in the number of individuals
from lower level to higher tropic level.
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
13. With reference to Bugun Liocichla, recently
seen in news, consider the following
statements:
1. It is a migratory bird found seasonally in
Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary of
Arunachal Pradesh.
2. It was the first bird to be discovered in
India since its independence.
3. It has been named in honour of the Bugun
community in conserving the wildlife.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
14. Consider the following statements regarding
the Vikram-S (VKS) rocket:
1. It was designed and developed by ISRO
under the Mission Prarambh.
2. It can carry heavier payloads than the
Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV).
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
15. Consider the following statements about a
vulture species:
1. The vultures are not resident vultures but
winter visitor vultures.
2. They are categorized as the Least
Concerned in the IUCN red list.
3. They are protected under Schedule IV of
the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Which of the following vulture species has
been defined in the statements given above?
(a) Red-headed vulture
(b) Slender-billed vulture
(c) Eurasian (griffon) vulture
(d) Egyptian vulture
16. Which of the following statements is not
correct regarding the various crocodile
species in India?
(a) Gharial is a fish-eating freshwater
crocodile.
(b) Mugger crocodile is a freshwater species
found exclusively in the Godavari delta.
(c) Saltwater crocodile is the largest living
reptile and crocodilian.
(d) Gharial is listed as Critically Endangered
on the IUCN Red list.
17. What is the significance of species like
''Schistocerca gregaria, Nomadacris succincta
and Anacridium sp''?
(a) They are invasive alien animal species
tend to reduce biodiversity in the area in
which they migrated.
(b) They are genetically modified organisms
exported for medicinal purposes.
(c) They are species involved in locust pest
swarms attack on cropfields in India.
(d) They are species used in crop fields for
biological weed control.
18. A particular biosphere reserve is located on
the leeward side of the Himalayas. A huge
seasonal variation is seen in the climatic
conditions of its region. It includes the Pin
Valley National Park and the Kibber wildlife
sanctuary. It is home to snow leopards and
ibex. The Chandratal Lake, an important
Ramsar site, is situated in this Biosphere
Reserve.
Which of the following biosphere reserves
has been described in the passage given
above?
(a) Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve
(b) Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve
(c) Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve
(d) Manas Biosophere Reserve
19. With reference to bioprospecting, consider 22. Which of the following steps are taken by
the following statements: India to prevent biopiracy?
1. It is the process of discovery and 1. India has ratified the United Nations
commercialization of new products based Convention on Biodiversity.
on biological resources. 2. The Biological Diversity Act of 2002
2. The biological resources associated with regulates access to biological resources
bioprospecting include chemical and associated traditional knowledge to
compounds, genes, and microorganisms. ensure equitable sharing of benefits
3. It can lead to the discovery of new arising out of their use.
medicinal drugs. 3. Traditional knowledge digital library
Which of the statements given above are documents traditional knowledge and
correct? makes it available in the public domain.
(a) 1 and 2 only Select the correct answer using the code given
(b) 2 and 3 only below.
(c) 1 and 3 only
(a) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
20. Consider the following statements regarding
(d) 1, 2 and 3
the Bathypelagic Zone of the ocean:
1. The organisms found here are illuminated
23. Consider the following fauna of India:
by bioluminescence.
1. Hawksbill Turtle
2. It is the bottom most layer of an ocean.
2. Himalayan Griffon Vulture
3. The sea creatures here are primarily black
3. Salt water crocodile
or red in the absence of sunlight.
Which of the species given above is/are listed
Which of the statements given above is/are
as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red
correct?
(a) 2 only List?
(b) 1 and 3 only (a) 1 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1 and 2 only (c) 2 only
(d) 3 only
21. Consider the following statements regarding
the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety: 24. Consider the following statements with
1. It regulates the transboundary movement regard to the Methane Alert and Response
of "Living Modified Organisms" System (MARS):
resulting from biotechnology. 1. It is a new satellite-based system that will
2. The protocol establishes a Biosafety alert governments, companies, and
Clearing-House to facilitate the exchange operators about large methane sources.
of information on living modified 2. It is implemented by World
organisms. Meteorological Organization.
Which of the statements given above is/are Which of the statements given above is/are
correct? correct?
(a) 1 only (a) 1 only
(b) 2 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
25. In the context of wildlife, consider the 28. With reference to United Nations
following statements: Environment Programme (UNEP), consider
1. Territory is the wider geographical area
the following statements:
in comparison to the home range.
2. A territory of an animal can be marked 1. It was founded as a result of the United
out using movements, sound, or smell. Nations Conference on the Human
Which of the statements given above is/are Environment in 1972.
correct?
2. It is headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only Which of the statements given above is/are
(c) Both 1 and 2 correct?
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
26. In order for biomagnification to occur, which
(c) Both 1 and 2
of the following properties the pollutant must
have? (d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. A long biological half-life
2. Mobile
29. Consider the following statements with
3. Biologically inactive
reference to pig iron:
4. Must be soluble in water
5. Must be soluble in fats 1. Ilmenite is smelted to produce pig iron.
Select the correct answer using the code given 2. Its low carbon content makes it brittle and
below. not useful for direct applications.
(a) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only
3. China is the largest producer of pig iron.
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
(c) 1, 2 and 5 only Which of the statements given above is/are
(d) 2, 3 and 4 only correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
27. While the Earth is looking at the sixth mass
(b) 1 and 2 only
extinction which is anthropogenic, the last
five mass extinction episodes were due to (c) 3 only
natural causes. Consider the following (d) 2 and 3 only
statements regarding the past mass
extinctions episodes:
30. Which of the following statements is not
1. The first mass extinction was a result of
an asteroid impact. correct regarding aquatic ecosystem?
2. The fifth mass extinction episode (a) Respiration activity takes place in the
happened around 65 million years ago. aphotic zone.
3. The Triassic-Jurassic mass extinction has
(b) The littoral zone is the warmest zone of a
been linked to the outburst of volcanism.
Which of the statements given above are lake.
correct? (c) Nektons are small organisms which live
(a) 1 and 3 only at the air-water interface.
(b) 1 and 2 only
(d) The limnetic zone is dominated by both
(c) 2 and 3 only
phytoplankton and zooplankton.
(d) 1, 2 and 3
31. Recently, the 26th edition of the multinational 34. Consider the following statements about the
maritime exercise MALABAR 22 nitrogen cycle:
culminated. Which of the following are the 1. Nitrogen in the atmosphere must be
participating countries in the MALABAR converted into ammonia or nitrates,
Exercise?
before it is used as a nutrient by plants or
1. India
animals.
2. Australia
3. United States of America 2. Denitrification is the process through
4. United Kingdom which nitrogen leaves the soil and is
Select the correct answer using the code given released into the atmosphere as nitrogen
below. or nitrous oxide gas.
(a) 1 and 2 only Which of the statements given above is/are
(b) 1, 2 and 3 only correct?
(c) 3 and 4 only (a) 1 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
32. Consider the following statements regarding
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
the Tundra biome:
1. Mammals have a large body size and
small tail and ears. 35. Consider the following statements regarding
2. Tundra regions receive more than 75 the RISAT satellite series:
centimeters of precipitation annually. 1. It is a series of Indian radar imaging
3. Tundra biome is not found at lower reconnaissance satellites built by ISRO.
latitudes. 2. RISAT-2 was India’s first indigenous all-
Which of the statements given above is/are weather radar imaging satellite.
correct?
Which of the statements given above is/are
(a) 1 only
correct?
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 3 only (a) 1 only
(d) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
33. With reference to the Ramsar Convention on (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Wetlands, which of the following is/are the
prescribed criteria for a wetland to be 36. Consider the following statements regarding
designated as a Ramsar site? peatlands:
1. A wetland should support vulnerable,
1. They are the largest natural terrestrial
endangered, or critically endangered
carbon store.
species or threatened ecological
communities. 2. In peatlands, year-round waterlogged
2. A wetland should regularly support conditions increases the process of plant
20,000 or more waterbirds. decomposition.
3. A wetland should regularly support at 3. They are most common across the boreal
least 10% of the individuals in a and subarctic zones of the Northern
population of one species or subspecies Hemisphere.
of waterbird. Which of the statements given above is/are
Select the correct answer using the code given
correct?
below.
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2 and 3 only
37. In the context of the wildlife in India, in 40. Consider the following statements regarding
which of the following National Parks one the Central Asian Flyway (CAF):
can find snow leopards? 1. CAF is the one of the flyways identified
under the Convention on Migratory
1. Mount Manipur National Park
Species.
2. Saddle Peak National Park
2. CAF migration route includes the steppes
3. Pin Valley National Park and cold deserts of Central Eurasia.
4. Hemis National Park Which of the statements given above is/are
Select the correct answer using the code given correct?
below. (a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(a) 1 and 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3 only
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1 and 4 only 41. Which one of the following statements best
defines the term Soft Loan?
38. Arrange the following environmental (a) It is a loan with no interest or a below-
movements in the chronological order of their market rate of interest.
(b) It is a loan exclusively taken for the
occurrence (starting year).
purpose of education in a foreign country.
1. Save Silent Valley Movement (c) It is a loan taken by one bank from other
2. Narmada Bachao Andolan for a short period of time.
3. Appiko Movement (d) It is a loan that allows a person to borrow
Select the correct answer using the code given funds up to a particular limit in the form
below. of overdraft or credit line facility.

(a) 1-3-2
42. Which one of the following revolts restored
(b) 1-2-3
Khuntkatti rights of tribals in the Chhota
(c) 3-1-2 Nagpur region and banned beth begari ?
(d) 3-2-1 (a) Santhal Rebellion
(b) Chuar Uprising
39. Consider the following statements regarding (c) Ulgulan Revolt
(d) Kol Mutiny
environment and habitat:
1. All habitats are an environment, but all
43. Consider the following statements with
environments are not habitats. reference to the ecosystem productivity:
2. There is no natural habitat on earth that is 1. Net primary productivity of an ecosystem
inhabited only by a single species. is always less than its gross primary
3. Environment governs the properties of a productivity.
habitat. 2. Primary productivity depends on the
photosynthetic capacity of plants.
Which of the statements given above is/are
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (a) 1 only
(b) 3 only (b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (c) Both 1 and 2
(d) 1, 2 and 3 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
44. Consider the following statements with
reference to the conservation reserves:
1. These are the areas owned by either the
central government or the state
governments.
2. The areas adjacent to national parks and
sanctuaries and those areas which link
one protected area with another cannot be
declared as conservation reserves.
3. Conservation Reserve Management
Committee advises the Chief Wild Life
Warden to conserve, manage and
maintain the conservation reserve.
Which of the statements given above are
correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
45. Consider the following statements with
regard to the Himalayan Gray Langur:
1. It is a leaf-eating variety of monkeys.
2. It is placed under the endangered species
category of the IUCN list.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
46. Consider the following statements with
reference to Sundarbans:
1. It is the only mangrove forest in the world
inhabited by tigers.
2. It hosts the endangered Irrawaddy
dolphins.
3. It is the only Ramsar wetland site in India
that is listed in the Montreux Record.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
47. Consider the following statements with
respect to the Neelakurinji flower:
1. It is a shrub found in the Bugyal
grasslands of Valley of Flowers National
Park.
2. It blooms only once in 12 years.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
48. Consider the following statements regarding
the Koronivia Joint Work on Agriculture
(KJWA):
1. It is the only program to focus on
agriculture and food security under
United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
2. It was established at the 2022 Conference
of the Parties of the UNFCCC (COP27).
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
49. With reference to protected areas in India,
consider the following statements:
1. No alteration in the boundary of a wildlife
sanctuary can be made except by
recommendation of the National Board
for Wildlife.
2. No alteration in the boundaries of a tiger
reserve can be made except with the
approval of the National Tiger
Conservation Authority.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
50. Consider the following statements with 53. Which of the following statements best
reference to community reserves: describes 'ecosystem accounting'?
(a) It is a strategy for the integrated
1. These areas are declared by the Central
management of land, water, and living
Government. resources that promotes conservation and
2. These areas should not be a part of a sustainable use in an equitable way.
(b) It is a framework to calculate the carrying
National Park.
capacity of ecosystems that can sustain
3. Both private and community areas can be human population.
declared as community reserves. (c) It is the social costs due to pollutants and
Which of the statements given above are other forms of environmental degradation
that are the by-products of production and
correct?
consumption activities of society.
(a) 1 and 2 only (d) It is a framework for measuring
(b) 2 and 3 only ecosystem services and linking this
information to economic and other
(c) 1 and 3 only
human activity.
(d) 1, 2 and 3
54. Consider the following statements regarding
51. Consider the following statements regarding the significance of keystone species in
biodiversity:
Cheetahs of Asia and Africa:
1. Keystone species have high functional
1. In size, the Asiatic cheetah is bigger than redundancy.
African Cheetah. 2. Keystone mutualists maintain gene flow
throughout the ecosystem.
2. Currently, African Cheetah has a more
Which of the statements given above is/are
diverse habitat than Asiatic Cheetah correct?
3. India has introduced Asiatic Cheetah in (a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
Kuno National Park
(c) Both 1 and 2
Which of the statements given above is/are (d) Neither 1 nor 2
correct?
(a) 2 and 3 only 55. Which of the following are the advantages of
nanomaterials in drug delivery?
(b) 2 only
1. Targeted drug delivery to the particular
(c) 1 and 3 only region of the human body.
(d) 1, 2 and 3 2. Delivery of water-insoluble drugs in the
human body.
3. Controlled release of drugs in the blood
52. Which of the following has the authority to circulation system.
assign a village community the rights to 4. Nanoparticle-based drugs decreases
manage reserved forests? toxicity in other organs significantly.
Select the correct answer using the code given
(a) State Government
below.
(b) Central Government (a) 1 and 3 only
(c) Chief Wildlife Warden (b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only
(d) Gram Sabha
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only
56. Recently, India’s first dugong conservation
reserve was declared by Tamil Nadu.
Consider the following statements regarding
Dugongs:
1. In India, they are found only in Palk Bay.
2. They are herbivorous amphibians.
3. They are protected under Schedule 1 of
the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 2 and 3 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 2 only
57. Why is a plant of genus Acacia (wattle) often
mentioned in the news?
(a) It tends to reduce the biodiversity in the
area in which it grows.
(b) It is often used as a food adulterant in the
food processing industry.
(c) Its leaf extract is widely used in the
production of plant based fibre.
(d) It is a deep rooted plant system which
tends to deplete the water table of a
region.
58. The term 'Record of Rights' (ROR) is
sometimes seen in the news is related to
(a) Jeevan Praman scheme
(b) Svamitva scheme
(c) Interest Subvention Scheme
(d) Witness Protection Scheme
59. Consider the following statements with
respect to forests in India:
1. Forests can be categorized as reserved
forests only by the Central Government.
2. A higher percentage of the forest area in
India is classified as reserved forests than
protected forests.
3. Every state in India has reserved forests.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 2 only
60. Consider the following statements about the
Sedimentary Nutrient Cycle:
1. Most sedimentary cycles are generally
considered perfect cycles.
2. It’s reservoir is the earth’s crust,
atmosphere and hydrosphere.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
61. Which one of the following statements best
describes Peripatric Speciation?
(a) It occurs when there are no physical
barriers preventing any members of a
species from mating with another, and all
members are in close proximity to one
another.
(b) It occurs when small groups of
individuals break off from the larger
group and form a new species.
(c) It occurs when a species separates into
two separate groups which are isolated
from one another due to the geographical
barrier.
(d) It occurs through lab experiments and
new species are created by the people.
62. Consider the following pairs: 65. In the context of marine plant diversity,
National Park State consider the following statements regarding

1. Mudumalai : Kerala seagrasses:

2. Sirohi : Rajasthan 1. Seagrasses are non-flowering plants with

no roots or stems.
3. Dudhwa : Uttar Pradesh
2. Seagrasses are found along all the coastal
4. Neora Valley : Uttarakhand
areas of India.
Which of the pairs given above is/are
Which of the statements given above is/are
correctly matched?
correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
(a) 1 only
(b) 3 and 4 only (b) 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 only (c) Both 1 and 2
(d) 3 only (d) Neither 1 nor 2

63. Consider the following statements regarding 66. Aceclofenac, recently seen in the news, is

Patan Patola craft: a/an:

1. It has a Geographical Indication tag from (a) veterinary painkiller that metabolises into
diclofenac.
Rajasthan.
(b) negative coliform bacterium that is
2. It is the ancient art of double ikat woven
commonly found in the lower intestine of
in pure silk.
warm-blooded organisms.
3. It was patronised by the rulers of Solanki
(c) common bacterium that spreads in
Dynasty.
healthcare facilities.
Which of the statements given above are (d) additive in sugar free drinks.
correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only 67. The report “BiodiverCities by 2030:
(b) 2 and 3 only Transforming cities” was published by:
(c) 1 and 3 only (a) World Economic Forum

(d) 1, 2 and 3 (b) World Bank

(c) United Nations Environment Programme
(d) NITI Aayog
64. Which one of the following organizations
released the Adaptation Gap Report 2022?
68. The term 'greenwashing' is sometimes seen in
(a) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
the news in the context of
Change
(a) coastal cleaning
(b) World Meteorological Organization
(b) afforestation
(c) United Nations Environment Programme (c) carbon offsets
(d) World Wide Fund for Nature (d) eco-friendly paints
69. Consider the following statements regarding 72. With reference to the species diversity,
the e-Rupee launched by the Reserve Bank of consider the following statements:
India: 1. Beta diversity is the rate at which species
1. It can be accepted as a medium of richness increases as one moves in a
payment, legal tender and a safe store of straight line across a region from one
value. habitat to another habitat.
2. It would appear as a liability on a central 2. The Gamma diversity is a measure of the
bank’s balance sheet. overall diversity of the different
Which of the statements given above is/are ecosystems within a region.
correct?
Which of the statements given above is/are
(a) 1 only
correct?
(b) 2 only
(a) 1 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
70. It is a rare bustard species that is very well
known for its mating dance. Native to only 3
countries in the world - Cambodia, India, and 73. Which of the following statements is/are
Nepal, it occurs in 3 States namely Uttar correct regarding the Taiga biome?
Pradesh, Assam, and Arunachal Pradesh. It is 1. It is not found in the Southern
a critically endangered species. It is found in Hemisphere.
Kaziranga National Park and Manas National 2. Coniferous trees, such as spruce, pine,
Park. Land use change for agriculture has and fir, are commonly found in the
been one of the major threats to its existence. region.
Which of the following species is best 3. The largest cat species in the world is a
described in the passage given above? native taiga species.
(a) Great Indian Bustard Select the correct answer using the code given
(b) Bengal Florican below.
(c) White Billed Heron (a) 1, 2 and 3
(d) Jerdon’s Courser (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
71. NASA recently completed the technology (d) 1 only
demonstration of its Low-Earth Orbit Flight
Test of an Inflatable Decelerator (LOFTID) 74. The Ministry of Jal Shakti recently released
mission. What are the potential advantages of
the dynamic groundwater resource
inflatable aerodynamic decelerator or
assessment 2022 report. In this context,
aeroshell technology?
consider the following statements:
1. It could help land humans on Mars.
1. India is the largest user of groundwater in
2. It could be used to bring massive objects
the world.
back from the International Space
2. Groundwater assessment unit is
Station.
3. It could potentially be used for bringing categorized as safe if extraction is less
back rocket assets after they are launched. than 70 percent of available resources.
Select the correct answer using the code given Which of the statements given above is/are
below. correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (c) Both 1 and 2
(d) 1, 2 and 3 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
75. Consider the following statements with 78. Which of the following statements is correct
reference to lab-grown diamonds: about the corals?
1. These are developed from a carbon seed (a) Reef-building corals cannot tolerate
placed in a microwave chamber and water temperatures below 5° Celsius.
superheated into a glowing plasma ball.
(b) Most reef-building corals also require
2. 'High-Pressure High-Temperature' types
very saline water.
of lab-grown diamonds are considered
the purest. (c) The zooxanthellae provides corals with
3. 100 percent foreign direct investment the compound necessary for
(FDI) in permitted in this sector under the photosynthesis.
automatic route in India. (d) The zooxanthellae are fast growing plants
Which of the statements given above are whereas corals are slow growing colonies
correct? of animals.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
79. Which of the following are not methods of
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 in-situ conservation of biodiversity?
1. Botanical garden
76. Consider the following statements regarding 2. Wildlife sanctuary
Saffron: 3. Sacred groves
1. Saffron is a native of Southern Europe 4. Cryopreservation
and cultivated in Mediterranean Select the correct answer using the code given
countries. below.
2. It thrives best in warm sub-tropical
(a) 1 and 3 only
climate.
(b) 2 and 3 only
3. Photoperiod exerts a considerable
influence in the flowering of saffron. (c) 1 and 4 only
Which of the statements given above is/are (d) 2, 3 and 4 only
correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only 80. Consider the following statements regarding
(b) 2 only the Red-Eared Slider Turtles, recently seen in
(c) 2 and 3 only the news:
(d) 1, 2 and 3
1. It is native to the southeastern USA and
Mexico.
77. Consider the following statements about
Hope Spots: 2. It poses threat to both local hard and soft-
1. Hope Spots network is an initiative of the shell turtles.
International Maritime Organisation. 3. The species is not mentioned in the
2. It is an area of an ocean that needs special Convention on International Trade in
protection. Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
3. Lakshadweep and Andaman Nicobar Flora.
Islands are the only hope spots in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
correct?
(a) 1 only
(a) 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1 only (d) 2 and 3 only
81. Which of the following countries are 84. In the context of ecology, which of the
bordered by lake Victoria?
following statements is not correct?
1. Uganda
2. Kenya (a) No two species in a habitat can have the
3. Tanzania same ecological niche.
4. Zimbabwe
5. Central African Republic (b) An ecotype is a population that is adapted
6. Democratic Republic of Congo to local environmental conditions.
Select the correct answer using the code given
(c) Ecocline is the zone of abrupt change in
below.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only altitude within an ecosystem.
(b) 2 and 5 only
(d) Population is a community of
(c) 3 and 6 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only interbreeding organisms occupying a

defined area during a specific time.

82. Which of the following are the threats posed
by global warming to biodiversity?
1. Reduced reproduction 85. Kaziranga National Park is known for its 'Big
2. Gender imbalance in species
3. Habitat destruction Five' animal species. Which among the
4. Increased disease incidence following is not one of the 'Big Five' species?
5. Migration to higher latitudes
(a) One-Horned Rhinoceros
Select the correct answer using the code given
below. (b) Royal Bengal Tiger
(a) 3 and 4 only
(c) Eastern Swamp Deer
(b) 1, 2 and 5 only
(c) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (d) Snow Leopard
(d) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only

83. Consider the following statements about 86. Which of the following National Parks is/are
Biosphere Reserves in India: located to the north of the river Brahmaputra?
1. The Gulf of Mannar is the largest
1. Orang National Park
Biosphere Reserve in terms of area.
2. The Nokrek is the smallest Biosphere 2. Nameri National Park
Reserve in terms of area.
3. Kaziranga National Park
3. Other than Nilgiris and Achanakamar-
Amarkantak, no Biosphere Reserve is Select the correct answer using the code given
spread across two or more states.
below.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct? (a) 1 only
(a) 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) None (d) 1, 2 and 3
87. Consider the following statements with 90. Consider the following statements regarding
regard to the International Drought Resilience the Machchhu river:
Alliance (IDRA): 1. It originates in the Pushkar valley of the
1. The alliance is convened by the Food & Aravalli Range.
Agriculture Organization (FAO) 2. It drains into the Gulf of Khambat in
2. India is part of the International Drought Gujarat.
Resilience Alliance. 3. Beti, Asoi, Machhori and Maha are its
Which of the statements given above is/are tributaries.
correct? Which of the statements given above is/are
(a) 1 only correct?
(b) 2 only (a) 1 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
(d) 1, 2 and 3

88. Consider the following statements with

91. Consider the following statements about the
reference to the Ramgarh Vishdhari Wildlife
Mangroves:
Sanctuary which was declared a tiger reserve
1. It is an evergreen forest ecosystem found
recently:
mainly in the tropical and subtropical
1. The national Chambal Gharial Sanctuary
inter-tidal regions of the world.
is a part of the sanctuary.
2. Its seeds germinate in the tree itself
2. It connects the tiger paths between the
before falling to the ground.
Ranthambore Tiger Reserve and Sariska 3. It produces blind roots to overcome the
Tiger Reserve. respiration problem in the anaerobic soil
Which of the statements given above is/are conditions.
correct? Which of the statements given above are
(a) 1 only correct?
(b) 2 only (a) 1 and 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 only
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
89. Consider the following pairs:
Elephant Reserve State 92. Consider the following statements:
1. Singphan Elephant : Meghalaya 1. He was a close associate of Gandhiji and
Reserve actively participated in Non-Cooperation
2. Dandeli Elephant : Karnataka Movement, Salt Satyagraha, and the Quit
Reserve India Movement.
3. Lemru Elephant : Chattisgarh 2. He was elected as the President of Indian
Reserve National Congress in 1947.
4. Nilambur Elephant : Kerala 3. He moved the first-ever No confidence
Reserve motion in Lok Sabha in 1963.
How many pairs given above are correctly Which of the following personalities is being
matched? described in the above given statements?
(a) Only one pair (a) Chittaranjan Das
(b) Only two pairs (b) Jivatram Bhagwandas Kripalani
(c) Only three pairs (c) Bhogaraju Pattabhi Sitaramayya
(d) Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
(d) All four pairs
93. With reference to coronal holes, consider the 96. Consider the following statements regarding
following statements: the migratory monarch butterflies:
1. These appear as dark areas in the solar
corona in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and 1. They undertake the longest migration of
soft x-ray solar images. any insect species known.
2. These are hotter and denser than the 2. They are found in the USA, Australia as
surrounding sun plasma.
well as India.
3. The magnetic field of a coronal hole is
different than the rest of the Sun. 3. They are classified as endangered in the
Which of the statements given above are IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
correct?
Which of the statements given above is/are
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only correct?
(c) 1 and 3 only (a) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2 only

94. Which of the following statements best (c) 2 and 3 only

describes the term 'photoperiodism'? (d) 1, 2 and 3
(a) It is the ability of the plant to re-orient its
root growth away from the direction of
light source. 97. Consider the following statements about the
(b) It is the ability of plants to lose water ecotone:
through its vascular system.
1. It is the zone where two communities
(c) It is the response to changes in daylength
that enables plants to adapt to seasonal meet and integrate.
changes in their environment. 2. It has far greater productivity than the
(d) It is the process of accelerating the ability
natural ecosystem.
of flowering in plants by exposing them
to light and cold temperatures. Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
95. Consider following statements regarding the
(a) 1 only
various species of Dolphins in India:
1. In India, only two sub-species of (b) 2 only
dolphins, the Ganges river dolphin and (c) Both 1 and 2
the Indus River dolphin are naturally
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
found.
2. The Ganges river dolphin is currently
listed on Convention of Migratory 98. The 'Wuhan Declaration', recently in the
Species.
news, is related to
3. River Beas is the only habitat of Indus
River dolphin in India. (a) wetland management
Which of the statements given above is/are (b) e-waste management
correct?
(c) nuclear waste management
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only (d) regulations associated with global
(c) 1 and 2 only pandemics
(d) None
99. Which of the following statements is not
correct about the various rhinoceros species
across the world?
(a) The Indian rhino’s single horn is present
in both males and females.
(b) The Sumatran rhino is the smallest
species of rhinoceros.
(c) Only the Greater One-Horned Rhino is
found in India.
(d) Black rhino found in Africa is the largest
of the rhino species.

100. Consider the following statements regarding

the Grazing Food Chain and Detritus Food
Chain:
1. While the primary consumer is
essentially a herbivore in a grazing food
chain, scavengers are the consumers in a
detritus food chain.
2. While grazing food chains can be found
in the aquatic ecosystem, detritus food
chain is absent in the terrestrial
ecosystem.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2