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100 IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE QUESTIONS FROM NEO IAS MODEL TESTS
1. Consider the following statements with regard to recently passed Compensatory Afforestation Fund
(CAF) Bill, 2016:
1. It proposes to set up the Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority.
2. Compensatory Afforestation Fund (CAF) is derived from the charge levied for destroying forest based
on their Net Present Value.
3. The bill proposes to use the fund for the afforestation purpose only.
4. It proposes to establish the National CAF under the public account of India and State CAF under
the public account of each state.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
2. Consider the following with reference to Gangetic Dolphin, the National Aquatic animal of India:
1. The developmental project in Ganga River for shipping, especially due to the National Waterway I
Project.
2. Depletion of prey base.
3. Accidental mortality in fishing nets.
4. Accidents with vessel propellers.
Which of the above are likely causes for reduction in numbers of the animal?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
3. With reference to Particulate Matter(PM2.5) Consider the following statements:
1. PM is the mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air.
2. The PM2.5 causes chronic illnesses such as lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) and cardiovascular diseases, that cause premature death.
3. A lot of the fine particulate matter comes from fuel combustion, both from mobile sources such as
vehicles and from stationary sources such as power plants, industry, households or biomass
burning.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
4. With reference to Laggar falcon, an indigenous species in India, consider the following statements:
1. Laggar Falcon is a raptor species with white and grey plumage, which can hunt and fly at speeds of
up to 180 kmph
2. The species usually nest on rock cliffs unreachable to humans
3. They have fallen victim to granite sand quarrying
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
5. With reference to Pika, a species which was discovered recently, consider the following statements:
1. It is a mammal belonging to the rabbit and hare family.
2. Pikas are Pioneer species and ecosystem engineers in an ecosystem
3. It is discovered in the Himalayas in Sikkim.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
6. In the cities of our country, which among the following atmospheric gases are normally considered in
calculating the value of Air Quality Index?
1. Ozone
2. Carbon dioxide
3. Particulate matter 10 (PM10)
4. Ammonia
5. Lead

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 Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 2, 4 and 5 only
(c) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

7. With reference to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora (CITES), consider the following statements:
1. It is a non – governmental organisation which aims to ensure that international trade of wildlife
does not threaten their survival.
2. The species covered by CITES are listed in three Appendices, according to the degree of protection
they need.
3. CITES has its own enforcement authority to regulate international trade in wild fauna and flora.
4. CITES regulates international trade in wild fauna and flora listed in its Appendices on the basis of
a system of permits and certificates.
Which of the above statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
8. Consider the following States:
1. Assam
2. West Bengal
3. Himachal Pradesh
In which of the above States does tropical evergreen vegetation occur?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
9. With reference to Phytoplankton consider the following statements:
1. It has a great role in making the ocean the largest carbon sink.
2. They are the first trophic level component of aquatic food chain.
3. It uses bioluminescence phenomenon for communication when they have stresses in the water
body.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
10. Consider the following statements regarding ecological succession:
1. Ecological succession is the gradual and progressive replacement of one community by another.
2. As ecological succession proceeds the number and types of animals also change.
3. The xerarch succession starts from a wetter area and ends in a mesic state.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
11. Consider the following statements regarding Ecological Niche:
1. Ecological niche is the physical position and functional role of a species within the ecosystem.
2. No two species in a habitat can have the same niche.
3. An ecological niche describes how an organism or population responds to the distribution of
resources and competitors.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
12. Which one of the following is not a correct statement about coastal wetlands?
(a) Coastal habitats like mangroves and salt marshes play an important role in reducing climate
change
(b) Mangroves and coastal wetlands store three to five times more carbon per equivalent area than
tropical forests
(c) Carbon sequestration is the process of releasing carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
(d) Coastal blue carbon is the carbon captured by living coastal and marine organisms and stored in
coastal ecosystems

13. With reference to wetlands, consider the following statements:

1. Wetlands, especially peatlands, are the biggest store of carbon on land.
2. The draining and degradation of wetlands will turn them into a net source of greenhouse gas
emissions.

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 3. Destruction of wetland could lead to flooding.
Which of the above statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
14. With reference to productivity, consider the following statements:
1. Primary productivity is the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a
period of time in the first trophic level.
2. Photosynthetic capacity of plants and photosynthetic active radiation are the only factors which
determine the primary productivity.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
15. Which of the following is/are unique characteristic/characteristics of deciduous forests?
1. They have nutrient rich soil due to less leaching.
2. Since it is getting a high amount of rainfall annually they are deficient in nutrients.
3. Presence of tall, closely set trees with crowns forming a continuous canopy.
4. Presence of largest number of domesticated animals.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
16. What is/are unique about Khur, a breed found in India?
1. It is a mammal which can race at nearly 60 kmph.
2. It is native to the Little Rann of Kutch.
3. The species has come out from the brink of extinction, mainly due to the nomadic tribes and
villagers of the Rann of Kutch area.
4. The increase in the Khur population in recent times can be attributed to improved agricultural
practices as well as water availability due to the Sardar Sarovar Canal system.
Which of the above statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
17. With reference to the TRAFFIC, a conservation organisation, consider the following statements:
1. It is a joint programme of WWF and IUCN for wildlife trade monitoring.
2. It is a non-governmental organisation working on trade in wildlife in the context of both
biodiversity conservation and sustainable development.
3. Its global network is research-driven, action-oriented, and committed to delivering innovative and
practical solutions to wildlife trade issues based on the latest information.
Which of the above statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
18. With reference to the helmeted hornbill which was in news recently, consider the following statements:
1. The demand for hornbill ivory has pushed this avian species to the brink.
2. The species is listed as a critically endangered animal by the International Union for Conservation
of Nature’s (IUCN) red list.
3. It is hunted by the poachers mostly for its brilliant plumage or large bills.
Which of the above statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
19. With reference to Bhitarkanika National Park, consider the following statements:
1. The park is home to salt water Crocodile.
2. Bhitarkanika is a protected wetland under Ramsar Convention.
3. The park is included in the UNESCO World Heritage list.
Which of the above statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

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20. Two important rivers- one with its source in Jabalpur District of Madhya Pradesh, and another, with
its source in Bhopal District in Madhya Pradesh – are important tributaries of Yamuna. Interlinking of
these rivers will submerge some parts of an important site of wildlife and biodiversity and a protected
area. Which one of the following could be that Protected area?
(a) Nagarjunasrishailam Tiger reserve
(b) Panna Tiger reserve
(c) Pachmarhi Biosphere resrve
(d) Simlipal Tiger reserve

21. With reference to glass-coated ‘manja’ which was in news recently, consider the following statements:
1. Recently the National Green Tribunal (NGT) imposed an interim nationwide ban on the use of
glass-coated manja.
2. It is banned as the sharp string is likely to pose danger to humans, animals and birds.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
22. A National Park, which lies within one of the global biodiversity hotspots in India, has the world's third
highest peak in it. This park has been recently inscribed as India’s first Mixed World Heritage Site on
UNESCO World Heritage List. Which of the following could be that National Park?
(a) Sunderbans (b) Bhitarkanika
(c) Khangchendzonga (d) Nandadevi
23. Consider the following pairs:
Protected areas River flowing
1. Rajaji : Gomati
2. Dandeli Anshi : Kali Ganga
3. Pilihibit : Ganga
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) None
24. With reference to PETA, which was in news recently, consider the following statements:
1. PETA is a non-governmental organisation dedicated to establishing and protecting the rights of all
animals.
2. PETA achieves its goal through investigative and legislative work, public education, animal rescues,
research, eye-catching demonstrations, celebrity involvement and national media coverage.
3. PETA operates under the principle that animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on or use for
entertainment.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
25. Which of the following areas are identified for the intensive conservation and management of coral
reefs in India?
1. Gulf of Mannar
2. Sundarbans
3. Lakshadweep
4. Gulf of Kutch
5. Andaman and Nicobar
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
26. Recently, for the first time in our country, which of the following cities has declared the Ganges
dolphin as City Animal?
(a) Allahabad (b) Kolkata
(c) Agra (d) Guwahati
27. With reference to UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme’, sometimes seen in the news,
consider the following statements:
1. MAB is an Intergovernmental Scientific Programme that aims to establish a scientific basis for the
improvement of relationships between people and their environments.
2. Department of Environment is the nodal agency for Biosphere Reserve programmes in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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 (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
28. Consider the following statements:
1. National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries are set up with in the legal framework of Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972.
2. Tiger Reserves have been given legal protection under Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
29. Kuno Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh was in news related to the
(a) translocation of Asiatic lion from Gir National Park, Gujarat to the sanctuary
(b) translocation of one horned rhino from Kaziranga National Park to the sanctuary
(c) translocation of tigers from Jim Corbett National Park which were affected by the forest fire of
Uttarakhand
(d) culling of Nilgai in the sanctuary
30. Consider the following pairs:
Species Region
1. Oryx : Uttarakhand
2. Great Indian Bustard : Rajasthan
3. Nilgiri Tahr : Kerala
4. Black Necked Crane : Arunachal Pradesh
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3
(c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 4
31. Consider the following statements:
1. Loktak Lake is a fresh water lake which have Phumdis floating over it.
2. Keibul Lamjao National Park located on the Loktak Lake is a natural refuge of the Sangai (dancing
deer, Eld’s deer).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
32. Consider the following pairs:
National Park State
1. Pench
(Indira Priyadarshini) : Maharashtra
2. Sanjay Dubri : Karnataka
3. Sanjay Gandhi
(Borivilli) : Madhya Pradesh
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) None
33. With reference to the Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972, consider the following statements:
1. It was enacted to fulfil India’s international obligation under the Convention on Biological
Diversity.
2. As per the law only ‘a part of the wild animal’ is considered as a wildlife trophy.
3. A person can keep the wildlife trophy with the written permission of a Chief Wildlife Warden.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
34. Consider the following statements regarding ‘National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA)’:
1. NTCA is a statutory body under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
2. NTCA is constituted under Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986.
3. NTCA is chaired by the Prime Minister.
4. NTCA does not intervene in the Project Tiger.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

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35. With reference to ‘Olive Ridley Turtle’, a reptile found in India, which of the following statements is/are
correct?
1. It is a herbivorous marine animal.
2. It lays eggs on the entire coast of India.
3. It is given legal protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 3 only

36. Vulture population in India perished since 90s possibly due to poisoning after eating carcass of cattle
treated with the anti-inflammatory drug Diclofenac. The drug was banned by the Centre. Another drug
which came as an alternative also caused the same effect on the vulture population, it was banned by
the Tamil Nadu Government in 2015. Which one of the following could be that non-steroidal anti-
inflammatory drug (NSAID)?
(a) Aspirin
(b) Ketoprofen
(c) Streptomycin
(d) Meloxicam
37. With reference to Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI), consider the following statements:
1. AWBI is established under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
2. AWBI is a statutory advisory body on Animal Welfare Laws under the ministry of environment &
forests.
3. It provides financial assistance in the form of grants-in-aid to animal welfare initiatives.
Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
38. The ‘United Nations Framework Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)’ is an international treaty
drawn at
(a) United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, Stockholm, 1972
(b) United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2012
(c) World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg, 2002
(d) UN Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro, 1992
39. With reference to ‘National Air Quality Index’, sometimes seen in the news, consider the following
statements:
1. It is a tool for effective dissemination of air quality information to people by describing as a ‘One
Number- One Colour-One Description’
2. Carbon dioxide is a major parameter in the Air quality index.
3. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) along with State Pollution Control Boards (SPCB) has been
operating National Air Monitoring Program.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
40. One of the world heritage site in India, also designated as a Tiger reserve was established as a National
Park specially for conservation and protection of the Greater One Horned Rhinoceros. Which one of the
following could be that National Park?
(a) Sundarbans National Park
(b) Kaziranga National Park
(c) Jim Corbett National Park
(d) Rajaji National Park

41. With reference to ‘leopards’, a carnivore animal, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Leopards can persist in areas where other large carnivores have been extirpated.
2. It is a species which is extinct in India.
3. It is given legal protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 2 and 3 only

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42. Consider the following pairs:
Protected Area Well-known for
1. National Chambal : Gharial
Wildlife Sanctuary,
Madhya Pradesh
2. Coringa Wildlife : Olive Ridley
Sanctuary, Andhra Turtle
Pradesh
3. Dampa Rain forest, : Hoolock
Mizoram Gibbon
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
43. With reference to ‘Kambala’, sometimes seen in the news, consider the following statements:
1. A traditional sport in which water buffaloes are made to race down a track filled with mud and
water
2. Two water buffaloes, yoked together, were made to run at top speed
3. Kambala used to be held in villages of Tamil Nadu
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
44. Which among the following air pollutants are Criteria air pollutants'?
1. Carbon dioxide.
2. Carbon monoxide
3. Nitrogen dioxide
4. Lead
5. Methane
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 4 and 5 only (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
45. With reference to the Ecosystems, consider the following statements:
1. A biological community interacting with the non-living environment.
2. Set of organisms and abiotic components connected by the exchange of matter and energy.
3. An ecosystem can be visualised as a functional unit of nature.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
46. The mortality rate of the lifeline of the desert, ‘Khejri tree’ is increasing. Why is this a cause of
concern?
1. It has a good role in sustaining the nutrient value of the soil.
2. The amount of Nitrogen in the soil would decrease.
3. The survival of some pollinators like honey bee will be affected.
4. It is a pioneer species in the desert ecosystem.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
47. As a measure to safeguard one of the pristine last bastion of aquatic bio-diversity left relatively
untouched by man, the Ross sea has been declared as the world's largest Marine Protected Area by
(a) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
(b) International Whaling Commission
(c) Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR)
(d) International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
48. With reference to Species richness, consider the following statements:
1. Two communities cannot have the same species richness.
2. Speciation generates new species and adds to species richness.
3. Extinction reduces species richness.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

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49. Consider the following statements:
1. Species diversity refers to the variety and number of different kinds of organisms that make up the
community.
2. A community with an even species abundance (species evenness) is more diverse than one in which
one or two species are abundant.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
50. Consider the following protected areas:
1. Bandipur
2. Eagle Nest
3. Nagarjunsagar Srisailam
4. Rajiv Gandhi Orang
Which of the above are declared Tiger Reserves?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
51. Which of the following pairs is/are correct?
Protected Area Well-known for
1. Kaziranga, Assam : One horned
rhinoceros
2. Pakke (Pakhui), : Hornbill
Arunachal Pradesh
3. Rajaji, Uttarakhand : Tiger
4. Mahatma Gandhi : Corals
(Wandoor),
Andaman and
Nicobar
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
52. Which of the following pairs is/are correct?
Biosphere Reserve State
1. Agasthyamalai : Kerala
2. Nanda Devi : Andhra Pradesh
3. Seshachalam : Uttarakhand
4. Khangchendzonga : Sikkim
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1 only (d) 1 and 4 only
53. ‘NoMore50’, sometimes seen in the news, is related to
(a) campaign calling for stronger and higher penalties for Tax evading
(b) campaign calling for stronger and higher penalties for animal cruelty
(c) campaign calling for stronger and higher penalties for environmental pollution
(d) campaign calling for stronger and higher penalties for smoking in public place
54. ‘One planet city challenge’, an initiative to recognize and reward cities for their efforts to combat
climate change, is a programme created by
(a) World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)
(b) International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resource (IUCN)
(c) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
(d) United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio+20

55. With reference to ‘sangai’, a mammal found in India, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is an herbivorous animal.
2. It is found along the entire Western Ghats regions of India.
3. It is given legal protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 3 only

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56. Consider the following pairs:
1. Kamlang Tiger : Arunachal
Reserve Pradesh
2. Tadoba-Andhari : Madhya Pradesh
Tiger Reserve
3. Umred-Karhandla : Maharashtra
wildlife sanctuary
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
57. Consider the following statements:
1. National Board for Wildlife is established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
2. National Board for Wildlife is a statutory body.
3. National Board for Wildlife is chaired by the Prime Minister.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
58. If an animal is included in the Vermin category, what does it imply?
(a) The animal comes under the Schedule I of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
(b) That particular animal can be culled as it cause’s harm to crops and humans
(c) That particular animal is a man-eater wild animal
(d) The animal is given a high degree of protection by Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
59. One of the Ramsar site in India which is unique in being a swamp with floating vegetation that
supports a rich biodiversity, is deteriorating primarily because of the change in water regime due to
construction of a barrages and the commissioning of a Hydro-Power Project in that region. Which of
the following could be that Ramsar site?
(a) Bhitarkanika Mangroves
(b) Chilika Lake
(c) East Calcutta Wetlands
(d) Loktak Lake
60. Consider the following protected areas:
1. Khangchendzonga
2. Achanakmar Amarkantak
3. Seshachalam
4. Manas
Which of the above are included in the world network of Biosphere reserve by UNESCO?
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
61. ‘BIOTA 1.0’, sometimes seen in the news, is related to
(a) a biofuel
(b) a satellite in PSLV C37
(c) a biodiversity app
(d) an anti-cancer drug produced form plants
62. Consider the following statements regarding the Earth hour:
1. Earth hour is a global environmental movement by International Union for the Conservation of
Nature and Natural Resource (IUCN).
2. Rajkot is declared as the National Earth hour capital of 2016.
3. The global Earth Hour City Challenge (EHCC) is a year-long competition that rewards cities for
their long term efforts to combat climate change.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

63. Consider the following statements regarding Eco-sensitive Zone:

1. These are the land falling inside the protected areas which act as the shock absorber to ecological
damages.
2. These are declared to prevent ecological damage caused due to developmental activities around the
protected areas.
3. Eco-sensitive Zones are declared under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

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 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
64. Which of the following pairs is/are correct?
Protected Area State
1. Dibang Wildlife : Arunachal
Sanctuary Pradesh
2. Panna Tiger : Kerala
Reserve
3. Wayanad Wildlife : Madhya Pradesh
Sanctuary
4. Dandeli - Anshi : Karnataka
Tiger Reserve
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4
(c) 1 only (d) 1 and 4
65. With reference to ‘hangul’, a mammal found in India, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is a subspecies of elk native to India.
2. It is found along the entire deccan regions of India
3. It is given legal protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 3 only
66. With reference to an organisation known as ‘Wetlands International’, which of the following statements
is/are correct?
1. It is a global organisation dedicated to maintaining and restoring wetlands for their environmental
values as well as for the services they provide to people.
2. It identifies the sites known as ‘Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas’.
3. They work at the field level to develop and mobilise knowledge, giving respect to traditional values
and use the practical experience to advocate for better policies.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
67. With reference to coral bleaching, consider the following statements:
1. Coral bleaching takes place when the symbiotic relationship between algae (zooxanthellae) and
their host corals breaks down under certain environmental stresses
2. Coral beaching occurs only due to the rise in temperature
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
68. With reference to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN),
which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. IUCN is a membership union composed of both government and civil society organisations (NGOs)
for the conservation of biodiversity
2. IUCN has an official Observer Status at the United Nations General Assembly
3. IUCN runs field projects around the world to better manage natural environments.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

69. Which one of the following is the best description of World Heritage Sites?
(a) A place of importance that is listed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) as of special cultural or physical significance.
(b) The sites of outstanding example of ongoing ecological process and beauty only.
(c) The sites protected by IUCN without any human interventions.
(d) The places having ecologically important wetlands which are protected by Ramsar Convention.

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70. With reference to an initiative called Asian Waterbird Census (AWC), which of the following statements
is/are correct?
1. The AWC is a citizen science programme that supports the management and conservation of
waterbirds and wetlands.
2. AWC is only monitoring waterbirds.
3. The Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) along with Wetlands International is organizing Asian
Waterbird Census (AWC) to count waterbirds all over India.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
71. With reference to India Biodiversity Awards (IBA), which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is a joint initiative of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC),
National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) and United Nations Development programme (UNDP).
2. It recognise the contribution of stakeholders towards the conservation of biodiversity and
excellence in biodiversity governance.
3. It is only giving awards to the steps taken for conservation of threatened species.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
72. What would happen if excess fertilisers are run off in to a lake ecosystem?
1. The excess in nutrients results in algal bloom
2. Biodiversity of the lake will increase
3. Decrease in the oxygen level of the lake and becomes dead zones
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
73. A snow covered region is the natural habitat of an Indian species, which were not sighted in the
Kargil’s Drass Sector after the 1999 Kargil war, due to its habitat destruction. The species is again
spotted in that region recently. Which one of the following could be that animal?
(a) Himalayan Musk Deer
(b) Himalayan Brown Bear
(c) Himalayan Tahr
(d) Snow leopard
74. With reference to speciation, consider the following statements:
1. Speciation occurring when the population becomes separated by geographical barriers is called as
allopatric speciation.
2. The formation of two or more species from a single ancestral species all occupying the same
geographical area is known as sympatric speciation.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
75. With reference to ‘pacha chedi’ (Neurocalyx calycinus), sometimes seen in the news, consider the
following statements:
1. It is a medicinal plant endemic to the southern parts of Western Ghats and Sri Lanka.
2. It has a potential for developing anti-cancer drug.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
76. With reference to National Green Corps (NGC), consider the following statements:
1. It is a national programme conceptualized and initiated by the Ministry of Environment and
Forests, Government of India.
2. It aims at building cadres of young children working towards environmental conservation and
sustainable development.
3. It is operated through Eco-clubs set up in schools registered as members of NGC.

Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

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77. Consider the following statements:
1. Marine National Park in Gulf of Kutch on the Jamnagar coast of Gujarat is the first National
Marine Park of India.
2. Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park is located in Wandoor near Port Blair on the south western
coast of south Andaman.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
78. The gas released mostly from landfills in urban areas is
(a) Oxygen (b) Hydrogen
(c) Nitrogen (d) Methane
79. Consider the following statements:
1. Spruce and Cedar are tree varieties of coniferous forest.
2. Sal is a part of Himalayan vegetation.
3. Khejri tree is a dominant tree in the north eastern rain forest.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
80. With reference to The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest
Rights) Act, 2006, consider the following statements:
1. The Act provides for the restitution of deprived forest rights, including individual rights to
cultivated land in forestland and community rights over common property resources.
2. The onus of implementation of the Forest conservation Act lies with the Central Government.
3. The Act recognise forest rights of forest dwelling Scheduled Tribes (FDSTs) who have been
occupying the land before October 25, 1980.
4. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the nodal agency for implementing the
provisions of the Act.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
81. With reference to Red Panda, consider the following statements:
1. It is a mammal found in Eastern Himalayas.
2. It survives by grazing only on bamboo forest.
3. It is given legal protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
82. Consider the following pairs:
Wetlands State
1. Chilika Lake : Orissa
2. Keoladeo Ghana : Manipur
National Park
3. Kolleru Lake : Andhra Pradesh
4. Wular Lake : Punjab
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
83. With reference to the transpiration, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Transpiration is the evaporation of water into the atmosphere from the leaves.
2. The rate of transpiration increases with decreasing humidity.
3. The rate of transpiration decreases with decreasing light intensity.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
84. Which one of the following term describes the process of using microbes to treat areas of land or sea
that have been contaminated by pesticides, oil or solvents?
(a) Ammonification
(b) Bioremediation
(c) Eutrophication
(d) Nitrification

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85. India is a signatory to Ramsar Convention. Ramsar Convention is related to conservation and wise use
of
(a) Water birds
(b) Desert Vegetation
(c) Forest lands
(d) Wetlands
86. With reference to the cactus, a plant lives in hot and dry habitats, which of the following statements
is/are correct?
1. They uses Crassulacean acid metabolism in photosynthesis process.
2. Their leaves are reduced to spines to reduce water loss.
3. The stem of cactus does the photosynthesis.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
87. Consider the following pairs:
Protected areas well known for
1. Manas : One Horned
Rhinoceros
2. Ranthambhore : Tiger
3. Periyar : Elephant
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
88. With reference to the natural vegetation of India, consider the following statements:
1. Deodar is a coniferous tree found in Himalaya.
2. Shola forests are found mainly on the upper reaches of Himalaya.
3. Teak and Sal are found in the moist deciduous forest.
4. 90% of the total area of mangrove forest in India is mainly concentrated in Gujarat.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
89. With reference to Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), which of the following statements is/are
correct?
1. It is a Governmental organisation in India for wildlife research.
2. They are trying to conserve the nature through scientific based research, education and Public
awareness.
3. It is the Partner of BirdLife International in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
90. With reference to the Global Tiger Forum (GTF), which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is an international non-governmental organization.
2. They are providing leadership throughout the world in order to safeguard the survival of the Tiger,
its prey and the habitat.
3. GTF is giving membership for members from the Tiger range countries only.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
91. With reference to Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS),
sometimes seen in news, consider the following statements:
1. It is an environmental treaty under the aegis of IUCN.
2. CMS provides a global platform for the conservation and sustainable use of migratory animals and
their habitats.
3. The convention also deals with the migration routes of the migratory species.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

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92. With reference to Nagoya Protocol, sometimes seen in news, consider the following statements:
1. It is a supplementary agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity.
2. It refers to the Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
3. It provides a transparent legal framework for the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out
of the utilization of genetic resources.
4. India is not a signatory to the Protocol.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
93. Consider the following:
1. Manas Wildlife Sanctuary
2. Mukundpur Sanctuary
3. Bhandhavgarh National Park
Which of the above is/are World Heritage Sites as per UNESCO?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) None
94. With reference to mangrove trees, consider the following statements:
1. Mangroves are salt tolerant trees.
2. Mangrove forest in India can be found along the coastal areas of West Bengal and Odisha only.
3. Mangrove forests only grow at tropical and subtropical latitudes near the equator.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 3 only
95. Government of India encourages the cultivation of ‘Jatropha’. What is the importance of this plant?
1. It is a rich source of biodiesel and produces high protein manure.
2. It is well adapted to thrive under a wide range of physiographic and climatic conditions.
3. It is pest resistant, easily propagated, has a low gestation period and has a high seed yield and oil
content.
4. Grazing of the plant by cattle or sheep is the main problem facing for the cultivation of the plant.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only (b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
96. Consider the following pairs:
Protected Area Well-known for
1. Jaldapara National : One horned
Park Rhinos
2. Namdapha : Lion
National Park
3. Gir National Park : Flying Squirrel
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
97. Consider the following pairs:
1. Nagarjunsagar : Krishna river
Srisailam Tiger
Reserve
2. Agasthyamalai : Neyyar river
Biosphere Reserve
3. Keibul Lamjao : Loktak lake
National Park
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
98. Consider the following:
1. Star tortoise
2. Puma
3. Palm civet
4. Sangai deer
Which of the above are naturally found in India?
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 1, 3 and 4 only (c) 2 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

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99. With reference to Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve, sometimes seen in news, consider the following
statements:
1. It is located in the Western Ghats
2. It is having unique tropical rain forest
3. Red sanders is a dominant tree variety found in the Reserve
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 3 only

100. Consider the following pairs:

1. Hastinapur Wildlife : Uttar Pradesh
Sanctuary
2. Kalesar NP : Haryana
3. Daphla hills : Arunachal Pradesh
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only (b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

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