CHAPTER 6 – SUMMARY NOTES

Listen to the lecture and complete the summary notes. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each blank.

Introduction
Topic: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Main idea 1: Definition of AI and (1) ___________________ to AI
Main idea 2: (2) ___________________ faced by scientists working in the field
Main idea 3: (3) ___________________ of AI and what scientists hope to achieve in future
Main idea 1:
o Definition
▪ AI: (4) ___________________ of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer
programs
o Approaches
▪ Create machines that can act/ think (5) ___________________, not necessarily like a human
− (6) ___________________: robotic vacuum cleaner
− do things in (7) ___________________
▪ Create machines that can act/ think like human; (8) ___________________; require human-like
intelligence
− carry on conversations
o How to know that it works
▪ 1950, Alan Turing developed a (9) ___________________ (still used to day to test human-like
intelligence of machines)
− A judge in room with computer
− type messages and carries on 2 conversations (computer and human)
− (10) ___________________ to decide which is computer, which is machine
− Computer can (11) ___________________ 🡪 machines pass the test
▪ Turing thought, by 2000, computer pass the test
▪ Until now, (12) ___________________ pass the test
Main idea 2
Why scientists cannot develop human-like machines?
o Reasons
▪ Human beings: (13) ___________________; thinking requires too many different skills
🡪 cannot (14) ___________________
o Requirements
▪ Need ‘natural language processing skills’ (ability to communicate in a language)
🡪 need human ability to use (15) ___________________
▪ Need ‘(16) ___________________ (ability to store what it knows or hears like the brain)
▪ Need to (17) ___________________ (use stored information to think and answer)
🡪 need to decide the best thing to do based on (18) ___________________
▪ Need to be able to learn
🡪 need to adapt to new situations
o Challenge in the Total Turing test
▪ Require (19) ___________________ interface
− Done with video monitor 🡪 test ability to (20) ___________________
− Hatch/ door 🡪 test (21) ___________________
Main idea 3
o Accomplishments now
▪ Robot do (22) ___________________ physical tasks
− clean up nuclear waste, help on (23) ___________________ and in unmanned aircraft
▪ Robots in hospital away from city
− robodoc: talk to patients, (24) ___________________
▪ play games
− chess
▪ use for (25) ___________________
− voice commands in cell phone, computer
▪ play games
− chess
o Future hope
▪ Have human-like machines
▪ Question: should develop intelligent machines?

CHAPTER 6 – SUMMARY NOTES KEYS

Listen to the lecture and complete the summary notes. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each blank.
Introduction
Topic: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Main idea 1: Definition of AI and (1) different approaches to AI
Main idea 2: (2) Challenges faced by scientists working in the field
Main idea 3: (3) Accomplishments of AI and what scientists hope to achieve in future
Main idea 1:
o Definition
▪ AI: (4) Science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer
programs
o Approaches
▪ Create machines that can act/ think (5) rationally, not necessarily like a human
− (6) perform physical tasks: robotic vacuum cleaner
− do things in (7) non-human way
▪ Create machines that can act/ think like human; (8) simulate human thinking; require human-like
intelligence
− carry on conversations
o How to know that it works
▪ 1950, Alan Turing developed a (9) test for machines (still used today to test human-like
intelligence of machines)
− A judge in room with computer
− type messages and carries on 2 conversations (computer and human)
− (10) base on answer to decide which is computer, which is machine
− Computer can (11) fool the judge 🡪 machines pass the test
▪ Turing thought, by 2000, computer pass the test
▪ Until now, (12) no computer pass the test
Main idea 2
Why scientists cannot develop human-like machines?
o Reasons
▪ Human beings: (13) complex, complicated; thinking requires too many different skills
🡪 cannot (14) program into computer
o Requirements
▪ Need ‘natural language processing skills’ (ability to communicate in a language)
🡪 need human ability to use (15) context to understand
▪ Need ‘(16) knowledge representation’ (ability to store what it knows or hears like the brain)
▪ Need to (17) reason like human (use stored information to think and answer)
🡪 need to decide the best thing to do based on (18) experience and intuition
▪ Need to be able to learn
🡪 need to adapt to new situations
o Challenge in the Total Turing test
▪ Require (19) visual and physical interface
− Done with video monitor 🡪 test ability to (20) perceive visual input
− Hatch/ door 🡪 test (21) physical abilities
Main idea 3
o Accomplishments now
▪ Robot do (22) dangerous and difficult physical tasks
− clean up nuclear waste, help on (23) battlefields and in unmanned aircraft
▪ Robots in hospital away from city
 − robodoc: talk to patients, (24) perform surgical procedures
▪ play games
− chess
▪ use for (25) natural language processing
− voice commands in cell phone, computer
▪ play games
− chess
o Future hope
▪ Have human-like machines
▪ Question: should we develop intelligent machines?