How to prevent computer addiction for younge

Introduction

Internet addiction can be defined as overuse of the Internet leading to impairment of an individual’s
psychological state (both mental and emotional), as well as their scholastic or occupational and social
interactions (Beard & Wolf, 2001). Since its emergence in the scientific literature, this phenomenon
has been accompanied by controversy concerning its definition and conceptualization. There is
considerable discussion as to whether people are addicted to the Internet itself or on the Internet,
specifically to the activities realized in the Internet environment, and whether to use the term
Internet addiction or addictions to specific online activities such as online gambling, online gaming, or
cybersex addiction (Davis, 2001; Griffiths, Kuss, Billieux, & Pontes, 2016; Pontes, Kuss, & Griffiths,
2015; Starcevic, 2013). In this paper, we use the term Internet addiction to denote excessive use of
the Internet and addictive behavior related to the Internet.

The attention of researchers has focused on the treatment of Internet addiction and some treatment
studies have been published in recent years; however, the majority of them are of rather poor quality
(King, Delfabbro, Griffiths, & Gradisar, 2011). Very few studies report on the prevention of Internet
addiction and this area has only recently started to receive more attention from researchers.
Clinicians, educators, and policymakers agree that treatment strategies for tackling the Internet
addiction problem need to be accompanied by prevention strategies that address risk factors before
addiction evolves into a more serious form (Kwon, 2011; Yu & Shek, 2013).

Prevention science represents a systematic transdisciplinary approach to the study of (a)

etiology and epidemiology of various preventable health and social problems and (b) intervention and
research designs, efficiency and effectiveness, implementation of effective interventions at the
individual, social and societal systems of the family, education, workplace, community, in the areas of
social welfare, planning, environment, urban design, and (fiscal) policy (Gabrhelík, 2016; SPAN, 2015;
SPR, n.d.). This definition is framing the general scope of scientific approach to prevention that is
further specified by other key terms and concepts (e.g., levels of prevention; universal, selective,
indicated, early diagnostics and intervention; specific target groups; prevention models, etc.)

The objectives of this study were to review relevant literature on the prevention of Internet addiction
published between January 1995 and April 2016 and to perform content analysis in order to identify
relevant topics which are discussed in this context in the literature utilizing the Preferred Reporting
Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The unique contribution of this
paper lies in the fact that this is, to the best of our knowledge, the first review focused on the
prevention of Internet addiction.

Background of the study

Globally, more than three billion people use the internet daily with young people being the most
common users In the feld of medicine and healthcare it helps in the practice of evidence-based
medicine, research and learning, access to medical and online databases, handling patients in remote
areas, and academic and recreational purposes In terms of classical psychology and psychiatry IA is a
relatively new phenomenon.

Te literature uses interchangeable references such as compulsive Internet use problematic Internet
use pathological Internet use and Internet addiction. Te Psychologist Mark Grifths, one of the widely
recognized authorities in the sphere of addictive behavior is the author of the most frequently quoted
defnition Internet addiction is a non-chemical behavioral addiction, which involves human–machine
computer-Internet interaction Internet addiction is a behavioural problem that has gained increasing
scientifc recognition in the last decade, with some researchers claiming it is a 21st Century epidemic

Te psychopathologic symptoms of internet addiction includes Salience the respondent most likely
feels preoccupied with the Internet, hides the behaviour from others, and may display a loss of
interest in other activities and or relationships only to prefer more solitary time online Excessive Use
the respondent engages in excessive online behaviour and compulsive usage and is intermittently
unable to control time online that he or she hides from others Neglect Work Job or school
performance and productivity are most likely compromised due to the amount of time spent online.

Anticipation(the respondent most likely thinks about being online when not at the computer and feels
compelled to use the Internet when ofine Lack of Control the respondent has trouble managing his or
her online time, frequently stays online longer than intended, and others may complain about the
amount of time he or she spends online) and Neglect Social Life the respondent frequently forms new
relationships with fellow online users and uses the Internet to establish social connections that may
be missing in his or her life.

The aim of this study is provide a systematic review of scientific articles regarding the prevention of
Internet addiction and to identify the relevant topics published in this area of interest. Methods The
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were adopted. The
EBSCO, ProQuest Central, and PubMed databases were searched for texts published in English and
Spanish between January 1995 and April 2016. A total of 179 original texts were obtained. After de-
duplication and topic-relevance review, 108 texts were systematically classified and subjected to
descriptive analysis and subsequent content analysis. Results The results of the content analysis
yielded the following thematic areas target groups the improvement of specific skills, program
characteristics, and environmental interventions. Discussion and conclusion Literature on the
prevention of Internet addiction is scarce.
 There is an urgent need to introduce and implement new interventions for different at-risk
populations, conduct well-designed research, and publish data on the effectiveness of these
interventions. Developing prevention interventions should primarily target children and adolescents
at risk of Internet addiction but also parents, teachers, peers, and others who are part of the
formative environment of children and adolescents at risk of Internet addiction. Newly designed
interventions focused on Internet addiction should be rigorously evaluated and the results published.

In the past 20 years, internet has become an integral part of our lives and an important tool for social
interaction and communication Access to internet is affordable and there has been a rapid growth of
users in developing countries. Excessive internet use has led to negative impact on the health of users

A body of research suggests that problematic Internet use can be viewed as an addictive behavior
Signs and symptoms of Internet addiction include preoccupation, mood symptoms consistent with
withdrawal, greater time spent tolerance and functional impairment or negative consequences due to
excessive use.may include internet gaming and other forms of addictive internet usage which include
excessive downloading, use of social networking sites and online shopping .

While internet is an integral part of our daily life is increasingly more common among young people
and has become a pandemic worldwide For young people, poor social support and social isolation
have been shown to result in Furthermore may also have a negative impact on social skills, and
interpersonal relationship Hence, it is important to assess the relationship between online
interpersonal influences and because young people suffering from IA are often shy and have low
social skills The negative consequences of low social skills associated with remain unknown . No
studies to date have explored the relationship between and online interpersonal influences.

leads to negative consequences on mental health. A meta-analysis comprising 1641 patients suffering
from and 11210 healthy controls found that IA was significantly associated with alcohol abuse,
attention deficit and hyperactivity, depression, and anxiety . IA may be associated with other forms of
addiction including smoking and alcohol dependence Andrews et al. (2002) found that peer influences
contributed to substance use among young people . Besides adverse psychological problems also
causes physical problems including back pain and strain injury . If IA is not intervened upon early, it
may lead to adverse effects on both physical and mental health in young people.