NAME: Mark Allen Chua DATE: MARCH 16 2023

& YEAR: BSIT 2 BLOCK 1 SUBJECT: Operating System

SUMMARY FOR THE PRELIMINARY NOTES IN OPERATING SYSTEM

OPERATING SYSTEM: A TYPE OF SYSTEM THAT MANAGES THE SOFTWARE AND
HARDWARE:
THE FUNDAMENTAL COURSE COMPONENTS OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM
All the components of an operating system must to work all together in order to function properly. If an
operating system function properly, it can provide other platforms like running an applications, managing
system resources, and ensuring the stability, security, and most of all the performance of the computer
system.
The following are the components of an operating system:
1. Process Management – This component manages and coordinates the execution of multiple
process. It also allocates processor time, memory, and other system resources and ensure that the
process cannot interfere with each other.
2. Memory Management – This component manages the physical memory of the computer. It
ensures that processes receive the memory they need to run and that the system used efficiently.
An example of memory management are the virtual memory and memory paging.
3. File management System – This component manages the storage and retrieval of files and
directories on a disk. It is also provides a hierarchical structure for organizing files and ensures
the reliability and security of stored data.
4. Security - This component ensures the security and privacy of the computer system and its users.
An example of the process of security are firewalls, encryption, and other security measures.
5. I/O System Management – This component manages input and output operation to and from
peripheral devices. Example are the printers, keyboards, and storage devices.
6. Networking - This component provides support for communication between computers over a
network. It includes protocols for transmitting data and manages network connections, routing,
and addressing.
7. User Interface - This component provides a way for users to interact with the operating system.it
is also includes a graphical user interface (GUI) or command-line interface (CLI) that allows
users to launch applications, manage files, and perform other tasks.

8. Device Drivers – It is a software program that allows an operating system communicate with the
hardware devices.

Types of Operating System

Each type of operating system has its own strengths and weaknesses and is designed to meet the specific
needs of different types of systems and applications.
The Following are the types of an Operating System:
1. Single-user, single-tasking operating system – This type of an operating system allows a single
user to run only a single computer. An example of this operating system is MSDOS.
2. Single-user, multi-tasking operating system - This type of operating system allows a single
user to run with multiple task to run on a single computer . an example of this operating system is
Windows 95.
3. Multi user Operating System – This Type of operating system is design to run in a network of
computers in which can support multiple users. Example of this operating system are UNIX and
Linux.
4. Realtime Operating System - This type of operating system is designed to respond to inputs in
real-time and is used in embedded system. An example of this operating system are the
Automobile and industrial control
5. Distributed Operating System – This type of operating system is design to run on a network of
computers and manage access the shared resources. An example of this operating system is
Microsoft windows NT.
6. Embedded Operating System – This type of operating system is design to run for small or
specialize devices. An example of this operating system are the mobile phones, digital cameras
and home Appliances.

Process of Installing a Software:

 Acquiring the Software: This can be done by downloading the software to the internet.
 Preparing the System: In preparing the system it is important to make sure that the use
computer meets the minimum requirements.
 Starting the installation the process: This process allows the user to launch the installation
program and following the on screen instruction to begin the set up process.
 Installing the Software: The installation program will then copy the necessary files to the
computer and configure the software for use.
 Completing the Installation: once the software has been installed, the user need to restart the
computer to ensure that there are changes applied. The software should be fully functional and
ready to use.
 Verifying the Installation: to ensure that the software has been installed correctly. After that the
user need to check if there are lots of changes while installing the system.