Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • SC No 2.20 LIFEBOATS AND RESCUE COATS OCT 2007

    Uploaded by

    learsipi061
    18 views16 pages
    XXXXX

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    XXXXX

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    18 views16 pages

    SC No 2.20 LIFEBOATS AND RESCUE COATS OCT 2007

    Uploaded by

    learsipi061
    XXXXX

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 16
    STANDARD FOR CERTIFICATION NO. 2.20 LIFEBOATS AND RESCUE BOATS OCTOBER 2007 DET NORSKE VERITAS FOREWORD DET NORSKE VERITAS (DNV) is an autonomous and independent foundation with the objectives of safeguarding life, prop- erly andthe environmental sea and onshore. DNV undertakes classification, certification, and other verification and constlaney serviees relating to quality of ships, offshore units and i lustres worldwide, and carties out research in elation to these functions. Standards for Certification ‘Standards for Certification (previously Certification Notes) are publications that contain principles, acceptance eriteria and prac- tical information related to the Society's consideration of objects, personnel, organisations, services and operations. Standards for Certification also apply asthe basis for the issue of certificates and/or declarations that may not necessarily be related to clas- sification, A list of Standards for Certification is found inthe latest edition of PLO Ch.1 of the "Rules for Classification of Ships" and the Rules for Classification of High Speed, Light Craft and Naval Surface Craft” ‘The list of Standards for Certification is also included inthe current “Classification Services — Publications” issued by the Soci- ely, whieh is available on request. All publications may be ordered from the Sociely's Web ste hilp//exchange.dav.com. ‘The Society reserves the exclusive right to interpret, decide equivalence or make exemptions to this Standard for Certification, ‘Comments may be sn by email orale com ‘Comprehensive informaton abot DNV and the Society’ services found atthe Web ite ipsa dy com (© Det Norske Vers Computer Typesting (EM + SGML) by Det Norske Veritas ‘Standard for Certification - No. 220 3 October 2007 CONTENTS 1, INTRODUCTION TO USERS.. 9.6 Hook arrangement. 9 1.1 General 9.7 Rudder and steering appliances 9 1.2. How to use the standard .. 9.8 Engine installation 9 2 THESTANDARD.. 9.9 Fuel systeMennnnnnn 3 21 Applicabtity.. 9.10 Electrical installation and lighting. 9 22 Format. 9.11 Bilge systems etc... 9 23. Numbering and cross references. 9412 Ventilation system: 3 24° Index and tables of contents 9.13 Special air support system, “3 25 Amendments 9.14 Fire extinguishing. 9 26 Reprints 9.15 Fire protection system 9 9.16 Equipment 9 3. GUIDELINES, REGISTERS AND LISTS. 1 General 10. GENERAL TECHNICAL : ners REQUIREMENTS, 10 3.2 Registers of Approved Manufacturers and 5 Nee oeectd reduce 104 Genera requirements fr ifebons and 4. PREAMBLE TO THE STANDARD. 10.2 External arrangement. 41 Introduction. 10.3 Size and floatability. ; 42 General certification 104 Strength. lt 43° The Standard and in service experience. 105 Propulsion : 5. THE CERTIFICATION SYSTEM... 10.6 Other installations, u 5.1 Obligations 7 107 2 5.2 Who needs certificates? 108 “2 53° Certification of newbuildings 11, ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIAL BOAT TYPES. 6. TYPE APPROVAL AND TAPE EXAMINATION 11.1 Totally enclosed lifeboats 61 General 11.2 Lifeboats with self-contained “ air support system... : 11.3 Fire-protected lifeboat “3 11.4 Freecall lifeboat. oe 11.8 Rescue boats 6s 12, MANUFACTURING CONDITIONS AND 1 WORKMANSHIP OF GRP BOATS. 4 W 121 Manufacturing premises 2 122 Storage premises . 73 123° Materials. 14 124 Workmanship 8 TYPE CERTIFICATION PROCEDURE 128 Hand lay-up. FOR LIFEBOATS.. 126 Spray moulding... . EXAMPLE OF BUILDING SPECIFICATION 12.7 Lamination of sandwich panels. 15 MANUAL FOR LIFEBOATS AND RESCUE 12.8 Laminate properties. BOATS .. 9.1 Basic information 13, SURVEYS, TESTS AND CONTROL OF : PRODUCTIO! 15 9.2 Boat manufacturer 13.1 Mamufacturing of prototype. 93 Structural construct 132 Test of prototype... 94 Accommod: 13.3 Manufacturer's quality assurance of 9.8 Access openings and windows production Det NosKE Standard for Cortfcation- No. 2.20 October 2007 Der NoRsks: VERITAS ‘Standard for Certification - No, 2.20 October 2007 1. Introduction to Users LA General Format and editorial details ofthe Standard are described in the following to facilitate easy use ‘This Standard for Cenification of Lifeboats and Rescue Boats roplace previously issued “Certification of Lifeboats (1998), ‘The requirements are established by the Society on the basis of service experience and safety records of representative boat types, size and building materials ‘The certification systems deseribed in this Standard are some- ‘what different compared with other classification rules issued by the Society, as this Standard is harmonised withthe Marine Equipment Ditective, ‘This Standard is applicable if the size, building material and service of the boats are in compliance with the given limita- tions 1.2 How to use the standard ‘The contents ofthe Standard are such that: = Sections | through 4 - cover introduction = Sections 5 through 10 - cover certification system and gen- tral technictl requirements — Sections 11 through 13 - cover speci pending on type of craft, requirements de- 2. The Standard 2.1 Applicability ‘This Standard applies to all newbuilding for which application for type approval is received after 2008-01-01, ‘This Standard applies to all existing type approved lifeboats from the date of renewal of the DNV Type Approval Certfi- cate ar BC Type Examination Certificate 2.2 Format ‘The first paragraph in each chapler/seetion will normally be termed General Reguirements and will contain subsections covering such aspects as application of the Standard, defini- tions of symbols and terms, list of documentation et. 2.3 Numbering and cross references ‘To idemify a specific paragraph itis necessary to give the spe- cific chapterisection, together with the paragraph, 12. 2.3 - fst paragraph would identify his paragraph, Figures are numbered in inereasing order within each chapter section, e.g. Fig.2-1, Fig.2-2 ete Tables are numbered in inereasing order within each chapter section, eg. Table 2-1, Table 2-2 ete 2.4 Index and tables of contents ‘Arable of contents is given atthe beginning of the document, providing the pages for cach section/chapter. 2.8 Amendments ‘Amendment of existing technical requirements isthe result of| formal proposals from the technical staff of the Society, based ‘on practical in service experience as well as comprehensive ‘theoretical studies, research and development. Such proposals are commonly discussed with representatives of builders, own- 1s, maritime governmental bodies and insurance company as- sociations, before being adopted. ‘Amendments may be undertaken at any time, issued normally twice @ year and made known by highlighting the changes on the inside cover of the most recent issue 2.6 Reprints Reprints from the Standard are available ftom the Society on request. There is eurrently no subsription scheme for reprints, While the Sociely will publish details of amendments to the Standard in its own magazines, no special notification of amendments to buyers of reprints will be undertaken. 3. Guidelines, Registers and Lists 3.1 General Products which shall be approved may be granted Type Ap- proval. The Society has issued Registers of Approved Man- facturets and Type Approved Produets containing the names of manufacturers and types of produets which have been grant- ted approval, The approval is ime limited and updated registers fre normally published annually, 3.2 Registers of Approved Manufacturers and Type ‘Approved Products Register of Approved Manufacturers and Type Approved Products can be found in DNV homepage www.dav.com 4, Preamble to the Standard 4.1 Introduction This preamble explains the system of certification, how it works, conditions of validity, and its interaction with statutory control. This information is'to a large extent implied by the Standard, buta bret clarification ofthe essential points in one place is considered useful This information is notin any way to be understood as a 1e~ quirement Fora better understanding of DNV's modus of operation, sys- fematies, rmuneration and suppor, reference is also given to DNV Rules for Classification of Ships PLO Ch.2 and Pt.l Ch.1 4.2 General certification Certification is used within the classification system to verify conformity with requirements in the design and construction se, by application of one o a combination of specified cer- sation modules. The DNV ‘Type Approval Certification system for Boats is based on the EU Module Certification system, ‘When the client has applied for certification of the lifeboat ac~ cording to the Marine Equipment Directive, the Society will fully apply the procedures inthe Marine Equipment Directive Te technical requirements in the chapter/ section named ‘Technical requirements wil apply as the Society's understand ing of the LSA Code. 4.3 The Standard and in service experience ‘The Standard is developed and published by the Society, even when based on and covering mandatory regulations as IMO) Conventions or EU Directives, In addition to technical requirements, documentation require ments and certifiation procedures are also given, ‘The Society will revise the Standard on the basis of available experience feedback from service, and will apply additio: {quirements if found necessary. Det NORSKE VERITAS. Standard for Cortfcation- No. 2.20 October 2007 5. The Certifie: 5.1 Obligations Cenification according to this Standard and the Marine Equip- ment Directive are aimed at safeguarding life and property st sea and the environment, as a consequence of of fels. ILimplies a process of v Fequitements established by the Society. Certification is not performed as a substitute for the client's own quality and safety control and related duties, nor the eli ent’s obligations towards third partes, nor to relieve any con sequences of default, The Society keeps complete files on all boats covering the doc- uumentation required by the Standard. Reports will not be dis- closed to any party, apart from the National Authorities involved, without the owner's consent, The Society also under takes all reporting to National Authorities required, in eonnec- tion with the safety certificates, 5.2 Who needs certificates? Certificates serve as verification system for a number of par tis who have special interest in the Safety and quality of ships, vessels and boats, such as: n System — National Authorities, who need assurance that vessels are safe to use and represent a minimum havard to their sur roundings. — Insurance underwriters, who need to know the standard of | the vessel nade oases the Insurance fe forthe ves — Ovmers, who need the technical standard as basis for building contracts and to document the standard when seeking insurance oF financing, or when hiring out or sell- ing the vessel — Building yards and sub-contractors, who use the Standard 8s tool for design and construction, as required by their ‘lent, to avoid technical bariers to trade and to obtain ac cess to markels Which require certificates. — Manufacturers, who use certification as apart oftheir doc- ‘umeniation when they place their products on the market — Finance institutions, which use the classification standard as a documented indicator of the maintenance and valve of| the vessel in service. — Charterers or eargo owners, who require confirmation of the standard before hie. 5.3 Certification of newbuildings The builder initiates the process by submitting a request for certification tothe Society. In response to alist of documenta- tion issued by the Society, the builder and sub-suppliers submit plans, specifications, related technical descriptions and data Including specification of materials, a required by the Stand- ard for approval After examining the above documents, the Society informs the ‘builder whether the design and arrangement of structure, ma- chinery and equipment is acceptable. If not, the Society may propose modifications needed to meet the requirements, During the building period the Society carties out surveys at ‘the building yard, The method and extent of survey will be cided by the Society based on the acceptance of their quality System and the certification system to be applied, The purpose of the surveys shall verify thatthe construction, components and equipment satisty the Standard requirements and ate in accordance with the approved plans, that required materials are used, and that functional tests are earried out as prescribed by the Standard, When the boats completed andthe Society is satisfied thatthe requirements specified for the boat in question have been met, confirmed by the issuance of certificates and a boat marking plate. 6. Type Approval and Type Examination 6.1 General ‘The DNV Standard for Certification No,1.2 as amended ep- plies as basis for Type Approval. ‘The Society isthe certification body ‘Type Approvals will be listed and published on DNV website, 6.2 Request [Requests for Type Approval shall be submitted by the manu- facturer or his authorized representative tothe Society The request shall include: = the name and address of the manufacturer and, if the r= questi lodged by the authorized representative, bi and address, in addition: — the extent of approval (ie. cargoltanker version) — the technical documentation as specified by the Society 6.3 Documentation ‘To ensure that the technical documentation is in compliance with the requirements, approval of the documentation is re uired before issuance ofthe certificate 64 Examination and testing ‘To verify thatthe type has been manufactured in conformity ‘withthe Standard, survey ofthe type shall be carried out prior to issuing certificate, 65 Certificate Where the type meets the provisions ofthe Standard, the Soci- ty shall issue a Type Approval or a Type Examination certif- {cate to the applicant. The certificate shall contain the name and address ofthe manufacturer, conclusions of the examin tion, and conditions for is validity and the necessary data identification ofthe approved type. ‘A list of the relevant parts ofthe technical documentation shall ‘be annexed tothe certificate and a eopy kept by the Society. Ifthe manufacturer is denied a Type Approval or a Type Ex- amination certification, the Society will provide detailed rea sons for such denial. ‘The applicant shall inform the Society ofall modifications to the approved product ‘This additional approval is given inthe form of an addition to the original Type Approval certificate, 7. Product Certification 7A General Itisa condition that the product is Type Approved or Type Ex- amined to obtain a Product Cerificate, ‘The Society is the certification body 72 Scope ‘This module describes the procedure whereby a manufacturer or his authorized representative checks and attests that the ‘produets subject tothe provisions ofthis paragraph are in eon- ormity with the type as described in the Type Approval oF ‘Type Examination certificate and satisfy the requirements of the Standard that apply to them. ‘The manufacturer shall make sure thatthe manufacturing ps ess ensures conformity of the products with the type 2s de- scribed in the Type Approval of Type Examination certificate land with the requirements that apply to them. ‘The Society will carry out the examinations and tests in or to check the conformity ofthe product wit the requirements Der NoRsks: VERITAS ‘Standard for Certification - No, 2.20 October 2007 of the Standard by examination and testing of every product [Based on compliance with the above two latter conditions, the ‘manufacturer shall affix the certification signboard to cach product 73 Survey All products shall be individually examined end tested as set ‘ou i the relevant Standard, or equivalent tests shall be carried ‘out in order to verify their conformity with the type as de- scribed in the Type Approval or Type Examination certificate and the requirements ofthe Standard that apply to them. The manufacturer shall keep a record ofall complaints and reme- ial actions relative tothe products fora minimum of 10 years 74 Product Certificate ‘A Product Certificate is issued forthe vessel onthe basis ofthe Type Approval or Type Examination Certificate and the sur vveys ofthe product under 7.3 8. Type Certification Procedure for Life- boats Table 1 Type Cerification Process for Lifeboat 9.1 Basie information 9.1.1 Building specification The building specification shall give relevant information in writing and/or on drawings for all items specified in the fol- lowing. All items in the specifications shall be listed, Ifthe specification is elevant only for some boats ofthis type, such items shall be specially liste. 9.1.2 Statement by the boat manufacturer The following statement shall be signed by a representative for the manufacturer: As responsible for the manufacturer, I guarantee that certified bouts ofthis type will be builtin aecordance with this specifi- cation and possible later alterations, and Iam aequainted with the fact that Type certification may be terminated if ths is not complied will DaterPlace Sign [— Request fom manutactar = Steneth calculations Phase 1 = Quality esuranceinspec- Approval tion system |— Approval of specication th drawing, = Survey of manufacturing premines J— Approval of raw materials: = Fire retardant povester = Tension and bending strength Fire retardant laminate (MSC Cire 1006) Buoyancy material jipmen certification Survey of arangement and insalation, Phase 2 Construction of protrype | — J— According to Res. MSC B1(70), Part I reported on fom ia MSC Cite 580, Phase 3 Testing of protoype 9. Example of Building Specification Man- ual for Lifeboats and Rescue Boats (Wot to be considered as absolute requirements) = Basie information = Boat manufacturer = Structural construction = Accommodation Access openings and windows = Hook arangement — Rudder and steering appliances = Engine installation = Fuel system Electrical installation and lighting = Bilge system = Ventilation system = Special sir support system — Fire extinguishing — Fire protection system, — Equipment for the Manufacturer 9.1.3 Application for certification Intended use of the boat type, such as Fire-protected Lifeboat, Free Fall Life-boat with indication of Free Fall Certification Height te. shall be specified. The rules and requirements from various authorities, SOLAS regulations etc. which shall be complied with and corresponding certificates which are re- ‘quested, shal all be specified 9.1.4 Basic information The following information shall be given under a separate item ofthe specification: Boat type Boal manufacturer Address Telephone Dimensions Length overall of hull inc. fender (mm) Breadth overall of hull incl. fender (m) Draft incl, keel, rudder, propeller ete. (rm) Height above waterline (lightship/loaded) (m) Freeboard midship, loaded (en) Weight of boat empty (ke) Weight of boat, fully equipped (ke) ‘Weight of boat, fully manned (kg) Capacities "Number of persons (no. persons) ‘Tank volume: fuel (litres) Tank volume: freshwater (litres) ‘Tank volume: stores (litres) ‘Tank volume: equipment (litres) ‘Quantity of buoyancy material (litres) Additional (ke) Det NORSKE VERITAS. 8 Standard for Cortfcation- No. 2.20 October 2007 Propulsion 932 Mould equipment Description and number ofthe moulds to be used Engine type Engine installation (kW) Speed loaded (knots) Fuel consumption at max. speed (lites/hour) ars, number and length (n0,) on. 9.1.5 Drawings with proper s general ue and revision number, 8) General Arrangement seen from af side and top bb) Seat Arrangement ©) Hull Lines 4) Arrangement of signboards giving operating instructions )_ System arrangement drawings. 9.1.6 Calculations of 8) Strength of oll, superstructure ct. with framing and rein- forcements for hooks, foundations, rails ele. where testing to rupture is practically impossible ») Weig ©) Volume of buoyancy materials 44). Stability, including effect of buoyancy volumes when the boat is filled with water (optional as sability always wil be tested), 9.1.7 Instructions Instructions for use of the boat including: 8) Description of launching procedure with specification of the jobs to be carried out by the erew 'b)_ Start and operation of engine, when oper as well as before launching ©) For Fire-protected Lifeboats description of the operating of the water spray system &) Forlifeboats witha Seicontained Air Support System, de- scription of the operation ofthis system. ©) Description for routine check and maintenan« boatirescue boat. ting waterborne 2 of the life. 9.1.8 Adi Salesmen's brochures, nal information te, to he enclosed, if any 9.2 Boat manufacturer 9.2.1 Organisation Information about conditions on responsibility and organisa- tion of production departments, 9.2.2. Quality assurance system Description of the manufacturer's internal quality assurance system 9.3 Structural construction 93.1 Materials Specification of materials used, GRP, aluminium, steel ete and dimensioning strength properties of the respective materi als for the finished boat For reinforced plastic materials information shall be given about type of resin as well as for the reinforcement adopted, This shal include a type approval certificate. Correspondingly, {ull information shall be given about type of core materials as well as foam material for buoyancy elements, seat padding ete. 9.3.3 Moulding/building procedure A chronological description of the construction of hull, deck land superstructure etc. in the separate moulds specifying lay up of materials, daptation and curing. Description of laminate connections between large sections such a§ hul/superstructure, hulldouble bottom ete. shall be given, preferably shown on drawings. ‘Where the joining of complete sections, eg. hull to superstn ture, also includes the connection of flames, girders, ete. de- tails ofthe joints shall be given, Specification of building stage at which the buoyancy volumes are foamed and how 9.3.4 Drawings required ‘The following structural elements shall be shown on separate drawings or in combination, if propriate a) Midship seetion and sections fore and aft )_ Longitudinal section ©) Deck plan 4) Double bottom structure ©) Engine foundation ete 5) Reinforced areas in way of hooks 18). Buoyaney elements 1h). Fender arrangement, rails, handholds, safety lines ete Drawings shal show plate/laminate thicknesses and seantlings of framing. For reinforcements in way of lowering hooks et, the transmit ‘of forces tothe neighbouring hull elements shall be indicated, If tanks for fuel, equipment ete. are recessed into the main structure, the appropriate elements shall be detailed 9.4 Accommodation 9.4.1 Seat construction Drawing showing shape of seating and scantlings including connection to hull. ‘Type and thickness of padding, including material characteris tics. 9.4.2 Seat belts ete, ‘Type of safety hamess to be used. Strength and ype of materi- al Tock ete 10 be given, 9.4.3 Helmsman’s position and seating Arrangement for operation of the boat from helmsman's seat to bbe specified. 9.48 Equipment Location and access to equipment onboard to be specified. 9AS Stretchers Location of stretchers, stowed and with peopl. 9.5 Access openings and windows 9.5.1 Hatches, doors Drawings showing type, dimensions and scantlings ofhatehes! doors in sides/deck for embarkation, for ditect access to helms- ‘man’s seal and forthe operation of towing hooks forward and aN. Packing arrangement for waterighiness. Securing el ‘ments for open as well as closed position, Der NoRsks: VERITAS ‘Standard for Certification - No, 2.20 October 2007 9.8.2 Windows Type, scantings, size and connection of all windows, Clear ‘view in all directions from the helmsman’s seat tobe indicated 9.6 Hook arrangement 9.6.1 Hook arrangement ‘Arrangement of release hooks to be given, Release system hooks, ordinary as well as emergeney operation, to be detailed 9.6.2 Hooks Drawing of hooks with material specification and calculation of eritical welds ete, Specification of hook type approval certificate, tests including description of connection of hook to testing machine, and specifying when yielding will tke place in elements which are tical for the release of the hook, 9.6.3 Ramp for free-fall li Drawing of sliding ways with description of how to vary the launching angle, it possible oats 9.7 Rudder and steering appliances 9.7.1 Rudder and stern frame ‘Drawing of rudder and stem frame with information about ma- terials and scantlings. 9.72 Steering appliances Drawing of steering appliances, including information about ‘emergency steering. 9.8 Engine installation 9.8.1 Engine Information about engine/gear/drivepropelle to be used. Pro- tection of propeller against damage, noise reduetion ete. to be specified, 98.2 Emergency start ete. Information on emergency start appliances. Type and capacity ‘of engine heater. 9.8.3 Exhaust ‘Type and location of exheust installation, pipes and silencer 9.8.4 Engine compartment insulation ‘Type of insulation. Insulation of bot components 985 Cooling system Components, hoses ete, and locality of sea water intake and cutlets, Temperature monitoring of engine 9.9 Fuel system 9.9.1 Tank Tank with foundations, location, connections and survey ac~ cessibilty to be deseribed, Drawing of tank with materials and seantlings to be enclosed. 9.9.2 Pipefhose arrangement ‘Types, arrangement, mounting and survey accessibility t0 be described including any below-waterline valves. 9.10 Electrical installation and lighting 9.10.1 Wiring diagram Wiring diagram showing location and section of every circuit and location of components, Location onboard of components like master switeh, fuses etc, tobe given, Type and capucity of | wires, batteries and arrangement of same. 9.102 Light Information on arrangement and type of lighting equipment in- side and outside, including Type Approval certificate 9.10.3 Radio Equipment for radio, including batteries. 9.11 Bilge systems ete, 9.11.1 Bilge system LLocation/eapacitis of pumps and valves, 9.11.2 Drainage of open areas Details of selfdrainage arrangement or pumping arrangement tobe specified 9.11.3 Drainage of boat when stowed Drainage of boat when in state of readiness 9.12 Ventilation system 9.121 Ventilation of engine compartment Mode of action and capacity of both natural and mechanical ventilation 9.12.2 Ventilation of accommodation Location, areas and mode of action 9.13 Special air support system 9.13.1 Capacity and instrumentation For lifeboats with a self-contained air support system, draw- ings and fll information/caletlation shall be given on how the air supply will be maintained within the required pressure var- jations, andthe instrumentation necessary for verification, 9.14 Fire extinguishing 9.14.1 Fire extinguishing equipment Type, size, location of hand held fire extinguisber(s). 9.15 Fire protection system 9.15.1 Sprinkler system For lifeboats with a fire protection system, drawings and full information shall be given on type and capacity of pump and Piping, inboard as well ax outboard, with arrangement of no7= 2les, and including operation details forthe system. Fresh wa- ter flushing arrangement tobe included. 9.16 Equipment 9.16.1 Towing and mooring equipment Information on towing arrangements forward and aft and d tails on how the forward tow may be released ftom inside an enclosed boat 9.16.2 Detachable fender arrangement If'an additional fender arrangement is required during launch ing, arangement and seantlings for tae system shall be given, including specification of the release operation. 9.162 Store tanks Specification of type size and location ofthe following to be given: — equipment tanks — food tanks water tanks = water tight battery boxes. 9.164 List of equipment List of standard equipment onboard shall be given. Det NosKE 10 Standard for Cortfcation- No. 2.20 October 2007 10. General Technical Requirements 10.1 General requirements for lifeboats and rescue boats All ifeboats shall be designed and built according to the LSA Code, IMO Res. MSC 48(66) as amended. 10.2 External arrangement 10.2.1 Marking Te number af persons for which the boat is equipped shall be marked outside the bo The lifeboat identification shall consis ofthe signal leters of the parent ship and the number ofthe lifeboat. Both shall be painted or pasted on the top ofthe covering. The letters shall be not less than 80 cm and 8 cm of height and width ofthe lester respectively or as large as possible. This is not required for rescue boats. The lifeboat shall at che top and on the sides ofthe superstruc- ture be supplied with right angle crosses, each consisting of 2 reflex bands of approved type and size at least 5 x 30 em, Crosses to be distanced not more than 1.0 m apart measured fom the centre of the crosses Retro-reflective material shall be included on the bottom of the ‘oats which are not selErighting, 10.22 Access The non-skid finishing shall at least have the same effect as sand in the topcoat or painting. 1023 The middle of the aftermost heckets of the lifeline shall be placed approximately 1.5 m forward of the propeller. The lifelines shall be properly fstened as close tothe gunwale as possible lines Note: The distance between fastening points shall be approximately 600 mm. The Becket shall reach approximately 75mm above High waterline 10.24 Handholds The handholds at the bottom of non self-ighting boats shall have a diameter of approximately 25 mm. They shall be fitted approximately 75 mm above the covering and extend at least half the length of the boat and be above the water-level when, the boat is eapsized, 10.25 External fenders Fendors and skates shall be made of material that will maintain its qualities forthe expected lifetime of the lifeboat, in heat and cold and repeating impact, Furthermore the material shall be resistant fo Corrosion, moisture, ol, fungus atack ete. If such fenders will disturb the propulsion and manocuvre {qualities of the boa, the fender shall be easly releasable from inside the boat. 10.266 Release arrangement The manual power necessary to operate the release arrange- ‘meat shall be reasonable, not too heavy and not too light If the release handle has been activated and the mechanism hereby is opened, back-guiding ofthe release handle shall not ‘be possible, unless the boat hooks are reverted to its closed po- sition, The release mechanism shall not be possible to put in a position between the opened or closed positon, which means, that the hook shall be either completely open or completely closed, After release the release mechanism shall remain open, ‘until it manually is putin closed position, ‘The time from activating until the release system is ready for release shall be maximum 15 seconds, The actual release shall, bbe immediate and from a single operation ‘The release mechanism is subject to a separate approval in ac~ cordance with the LSA Code, The manufacturer shall provide detailed maintenance instruc tions for the on-load release gear for annual and 5 yearly serv icing. [Both on-load and off-load operating instruction shall be posted ‘inside the boat visible for the helmsman, 10.2.7 Fittings ‘The lifeboats shall be supplied with all necessary fittings for ‘moorings, catch-line, sea-anchor, canopy, antennas ete 103 s ity ize and floatal 103.1 Seating The area around the seats shall be fitted with padding or equal arrangement to protect the persons onboard ‘The minimum height of 350 mm between seat and footrest shall also be Kept between seat and floor, except for free-fall, lifebouts, 103.2 Height inside ‘The vertical heights specified in LSA Code 4.4.1.8 shall be measured atthe gangway or where walk is intended. ‘The vertical height above seats, benches and thwarts and the inside of the superstructure or canopy shall be at Teast 900 me, 10.33 Hatches and helmsman’s tower ‘The superstructure shall be supplied with an adequate quantity ‘of boarding hatches each witha fie opening of atleast 900 x 600 mam, ‘A combination of deck and side hatches can be approved. Hatches on the sides shall not have binges on the lower edge, ‘The hinges shall be of a non-corrosion material and be of selF- lubricating type Sliding hatches may be approved, ‘On the superstructure a helmsman’s tower shall be arranged with windows or port-ligts, which allow fee sight in all ditec~ tions from the steering position, The lelmsman’s tower shall atthe top have a hatch with free ‘opening of atleast 600 x 600 mm, respectively 700 mm in di= ‘The af part of the superstructure shall be arranged with ahateh with five opening of at least 600 x 600 mm, respectively 700 ‘mm in diameter, fom where it will be possible to connect the af lifting hook. The hatch can be omitted ifthe aft hook can be safely operated from the hatch at the top of the helmsman's tower without dis- turbing the helmsman, ‘The fore part of the superstructure shall be arranged with a hatch witha free opening ofa least 600 x 600 mm, respect ly 700 mm in diameter, rom where it will be possible to con- nneet the forward lifting hook. Under this hateh it shall be possible to stand with a par ofthe upper body out ofthe hated {o throw and recover a sea anchor. This does not apply fr free fall lifeboats ‘Standard for Certification - No, 2.20 October 2007 10.34 Accommodation ‘The inner part of the hull, the superstructure and fixed equip- ‘ment ete, shall not have sharp edges or projections, ‘The inner side of the superstructure and its installations and equipment shall be ofa light colout, ‘The helmsman’s position shall be arranged under the tower and the helmsinan shall be able to manoeuvre the bout safely ‘both siting in his chair and standing withthe head and a part ‘of the upper body out ofthe hatch a the top ofthe tower, 10.4 Strength 104.1 General strength For boats with maximum speed 10 knots or more, the hull sength, scantlings and reinforcements of the lifeboat shall be according to DNV Koes for Cetieation of Craft 2007 as Strength of boats with maximum speed below 10 knots will be verified by speed, drop and impact tess only. 10.5 Propulsion 105.1 Engine operating system Use of 220 V heaters when the boat is in its stowed position is acceptable, provided the heaters are connected to a separate supply. Hence, the battery charger supply voltage is kept be- Tow SOV and in compliance with the LSA-Code requirement. Note Limitations on shipboard arrangements must be adhered to omaha ‘At the helmsman's position the following engine functions shall be operable: Star and stop of engine, manoeuvre for- ‘ward, afl, neutral, regulation of revolutions per minute of the engine and activation control for fire-protecting- and air sup- ply systems if fitted on board, ‘AL the helmsman's position there shall also be instruments, lights ete. showing temperature, lubricating oil pressure and number of revolutions per minute, 10.52 Engine easing Fire insulation shall be applied inside the engine casing if mot GRP laminate which has passed tests as described in MSC Cire, 1006 is used, The material shall have surface preventing oil or similar products penetrating into the insulation, The Sulation material shall be approved as non-combustible mate tial, which means, that t shall be approved in accordance with IMO FTP Code, Annex 1, Part 1 10.53 Engine installation Engine air intake in partially enclosed boats shall be drip-proof ‘up to @ height of atleast 0.50 m above the gunwale amidships Intotally enclosed boats the ar intake shal be watertight up to aa height of at least 0.10 m above lower edge of the boarding hatch o atleast 010 m above the connection between hull and superstructure, whichever isthe higher [Exhaust pipes shall be led outboard such that the exhaust gases will not inconvenience the persons onboard and such that wa- ter will not enter the engine when the boat is water filled or capsized. ‘The exhaust pipe outlet shall minimum be 50 em above the gunwale, Al pipes which have connection to the sea under the fully loaded waterline shall be supplied with valves mounted direct- ly on the hull side easily accessible from inside 1054 Propeller and shaft ‘The propeller shall be sereened by atleast 3 longitudinal rods ‘on each side bound to circular ring around the propeller, or a similar arrangement accomplishing at least the same protee~ ‘Shafts and other moving pars inside the boat shall be sereened, 10.55 Steering arrangement At6 knots forward speed the turing diameter ofthe fully load ed bout shall be maximum 2 boat lengths, Atastern speed the turning diameter of the flly loaded boat shall be maximum 10 boat length. ‘The rudder shall be permanently fitted and secured tothe boat Itshall, however, be possible onboard the ship to demount the rudder af the boat for repair without afeeting the boat's struc~ The rudder shall be aranged with adequate rudder stop and be fitted in a protected postion. It shall be demonstrated by a test withthe boat backing a full power tha the rudder arrangement isnot harmed by overload when the rudder is turned to maxi- ‘mum angle Ifthe emergency tiller ean be demounted it shall be secured witha suitable strap fastened to the boat ‘The tiller shall be able to be used without any risk of hurting skin in frosty weather. 10.5.6 Fuel system ‘The Fuel system shall be pressure tested lo atleast 0.2 bar. 10.6 Other installa 10.6.1 Bilge and draining system All ifeboats shall be provided with at least 1 fixed hand pump of adequate capacity Boats witha length of 8.5 m and more shall be provided with at least 2 pumps ‘The suction end shall be provided with a strainer. This is not requited for membrane pumps. Handgrips shall be suitable for use in frosty weather 10.6.2 Electrical installation The electric cables shall be double isolated. Hull, machinery-fengine parts shall not be used as retum cir Cables in the fixed installation shall have @ cross seetion, large enough to prevent a drop of voltage exceeding 6 per cent the ross section shall, however, be atleast 1.5 mm? All cables shall be made up of multiple copper wits in aovord- ance with 2007 DNV Rilles for Classffestion of Ships PL Cha Sec.9 A108 as amended or of a type with similar capaci ties acceptable to the Society. Batteries shall be ofa type where the electrolyte cannot escape incase the boat is capsizing, For connection tothe ship, a solid and approved socket shall be placed on the outside ofthe boat It shal be placed near one of the ends, be clearly marked and not influence or delay the prep- aration and embarkation of the lifeboat. The electric installation shall be so arranged that water filling of the boat to the deepest waterline by leakage will not put the ‘lecric installation out of function (see the Note below). Note ‘This requirement shall be verified by inspection, not by water ac- tually fling the boa ‘Weather exposed equipment shall minimum be of IP grade 56, Non-weather exposed equipment shall minimum be of IP grade 44 Det NosKE 2 Standard for Cortfcation- No. 2.20 October 2007 Fuses shall as @ minimum be included between the batteries and the charger, and forall consumers. 10.6.3 Lights The lamps mentioned in LSA Cade 4.4,7.10 can be lamps with own batteries, 1064 Rai TThe battery for radio installation shall not be used as energy source tothe starting system forthe boat engine. 10.7 Equipment 10.7.1 Lockers and containers Watertight containers shall be of such size and construction thatthe preseribed food rations can be Kept safely, ‘The com lainers may be made as integral parts ofthe construction of the boat or as separate tanks, satisfactorily fastened to the boat. Containers made of steel shall be galvanised. Altematively, corrosion resistant materials shall be applied, Hatches shall be Such that they can be easily opened and closed without use of tools. The steps of the boarding ladder shall be rigid 10.8 Raw materials 10.81 General The raw materials for GRP hull construction shall be approved foruse in lifesaving appliances, Relevant standards may be ob- tained by contacting DNV, MTPNO378 Materials Technology and Pressure Equipment. Alternatively they may be found a: hp:tinside.dnv.comvorgunitimaritime/eme_portal 1 Services_and_ disciplines! Technical_disciplines tmaterialiechnology/Type_Approval K.asp 11. Additional Requirements for Special Boat Types 11.1 Totally enclosed lifeboats 11.1.4 Enclosure The superstructure shall be made watertight and shall have a well rounded shape to prevent damage during launching ofthe boat, The superstructure with dock and openings sball be so con- structed that boarding both from the ship and from the sea can bbe easily done and permit persons to be lifted from the hoat by a helicopter. At the fop of the superstructure hand rails with a diameter of approximately 25 mm and with a frce distance to the super- Sructure of approximately 75 mm shall be arranged all along. the deck. The Hand rails shall extend as far forward and possible. The hand rails shall not have ends or constructions, ‘which will be of obvious danger at for example helicopter op” trations. Water-spray pipes may be accepted as hand-rails, Around the boarding hatch hand rails with @ diameter of ap- proximately 25 mm and with a free distance tothe superstruc- {ure of approximately 75 mm and with an extension to provide safe boarding shall be aranged, 11.1.2 Accommodation Each seat shall be supplied with 4 points safety belt wih I lock ‘which can be operated even in the dark and Wearing working loves 11.1.3 Ventilation {A ventilation arrangement shall be arranged so that under all her conditions, when hatches and windows are closed, will be sufficient fresh air supply for the number of per- sons for which the boat is approved and for engine combustion air and, if necessary, cooling air for the engine at fll power ‘To obitin proper air circulation the forward ventilation open- ing shall supply air as low as possible into the boat. AU6 knots speed, the ait changes shall be minimum 10 live per person p ‘minute in ealm weather conditions, ‘Ventilation openings shall be automatically closed in case of capsizing. Minimum one ventilation valve shall be fitted inthe forward part of the boat, Minimum one ventilation valve shall be fitted {nthe aft part ofthe boat, 11.1.4 Propulsion ‘An installation to prevent sir formation in the fuel system in ‘cate of capsize shall be arranged The ventilation arrangement forthe fuel tank shall be such as| to prevent the fuel from flowing out and water from entering the tank in case of capsizing 11.2 Lifeboats with self-contained air support system 11.2.1 Capacity ‘The air system shall have a capacity of at least 10 minutes sup- ply for the total number of people and engine, when the follow= Ing conditions are accomplished: 1) The engine sball run with maximum load om propeller, pumps, generators ete 2). The overpressure inside the boat shall remain between 5 sand 20 mber. 3) For calculation of ai capacity @ maximum pressure in the bottles of 18 MPa (180 bar) shall be assumed and the bot- tles shall be regarded as eropty at 1-2 MPa (12 ba). 4) The working pressure ofthe air botles shall be maximum 20 MPa (200 bar), The capacity shall be calculated based on minimum air con- sumption as 10 litres per minute per person. 11.2.2 Arrangement Bottles shal be arranged so that it is possible to assess their condition. The bottle pressure and the reduced air pressure shal be read able from the helmsman’s position. It shall also be possible to read the pressure onthe bottles individually without manipul tion of the piping system. From the helmsman’s position it shall be possible to read a adjust the pressure in the atmosphere inside the boat in relat to the outside pressure. ‘The pipe system shall be so arranged that the bottles can be re filled without being removed from the boat. Atleast 2 air nozzles shall be arranged as far forward and aft, respectively, as possible inthe boat ‘The nozzles shall have screens. The ar systom inthe boat shall be capable to operate at any an- ‘of heel up to 180 degrees to each sid. The superstructure of the boat shall be fitted with an overpres- sure valve, whieh shall open at an overpressure of maximoum 20 mbar, The superstructure of the boat shall be fitted with an underpres- sure valve, which shall open at an underpressure of maxitaurn 20 mbar, 11.2.3 Components Any pipe installed shall be tested to pressure atleast 5 times the working pressure. Der NoRsks: VERITAS Standard for Cerification - No. 2.20 October 2007 11.2.4 Air bottles The ar bottles shall be approved by a national authority and be marked in accordance with the standard applied by the approv~ alof the bottles. 11.3 Fire-protected lifeboats 113.1 Water spray system The water spray system shall be permanently installed and shall be capable of working effecsively for at least 8 minutes and shall cover all the areas of the superstructure and hull, above the waterline. The suction of the water spray system shall be positioned as low as possible in the boat. Start and stop ofthe water pump shail be an easy operation by I person near the helmsman’s positon, ‘The pipe system should be arranged inside the boat in such way that only the nozzles are placed ouiside the boat. Pipes tothe nozzles arranged outside the boal can be accepted if the free distance to the superstructure is Tess thae 100 mm, ‘The pipes shall be of corrosion resistant material Inside flexible hoses may be accepted, ift can be shown that ‘the heat conduction through a nozzle and its connection cannot damage the hose or stop the water spray function, The system shall be easy to operate, and shall be so installed that periodical testing ean be undertaken when the boat is afloat as well as out of the water. The water pump shall not suf- fer damage, when the system is used without water. 114 Free-fall lifeboat 11.4.1 Arrangement Except when the free-fall functions require special arrange- ‘menls, oul and inner arrangement and equipment shall be as for totally enclosed lifeboats. The release of frce-fall launching, stat of engine and manocu- ore shall be activated from a position with good view inside the boat and adequate sight externally both forward, astern and to both sides IC the lifeboat shall be entered in sloping position, all the Noor plates shall have non-skid surface, or arranged with steps to make the boarding easy necessary, the entrance to the seats shall be arranged with handles and hand rails To ensure adequate lighting in order for the occupants to be seated and fasten the seat belt properly, the inner side of the ‘boat shall be well-illuminated, and be so arranged that light al- ‘ways is switched on when the bost is inthe dav All portable equipment shall be safely secured against the ‘maximum loads which can occur during free-fall launching, 11.4.2 Construction and strength ‘The lowering and fee fall hook arrangement, towing-cleats te. shal be tested tothe same eriteria as for lifeboats in gen- era ‘The strength of the hull and superstructure, windows, hatches shall be designed witha safety factor of 6 against the free fall coriication height load Calculations on the hull verifying stresses of maximum 1/6 of the material steength sball be carried out by the manufacturer and submitted for information, ‘ull strength of free-fall lifeboats will be verified based on free-fall impact testing only n. For optimum distribution of the load the seat back shall have a curvature with aradius of approximately | 100 mm except for the lowest 50 cm of the seat back which shall be straight. A support ofthe Fet shall give an angle between the thighs and the back of between 80 degrees and 100 degrees. The seat shall give good support for a persons seat and thighs in this posi- tion. The neck part of the seat shall give side support for the hhead. The backrest part ofthe seat shall be located towards the forward end of the boat, The design of the seats shall be as shown in Fig, [+L Seat arrangement Figure 11 Set design The seats shall be fitted with padding, distributing the weight of the body over the whole part of head-, back and seat. The padding shall have a thickness of between 25 and 50 mm. The compression of the padding shall not be more than 1S mm. when loaded with an evenly distributed pressure of 1.5 kplem The surface of the padding material shall be easy to clean, be watertight and have good mechanical sirength. ‘To each seat there shall be a restraint hamess to prevent verti- cal, longitudinal and transverse movement of the person. The colour of the araess shall contrast the colour ofthe padding, There shall be a simple regulation system to make the hamess fit properly for persons ofall sizes with survival suits on, fa head strap is used, the head strap may be made ofa flexible material keeping the head firmly against the pedding, 11S Rescue boats 15.1 General Fender of buoyancy arrangement should be approved accord ing to relevant ISO-standard. 11.5.2 Arrangement A stretcher area of 2.0 x 0.5 m shall be required, suitably for a person lying fla. “Seaway” in respect of having sufficient mobility and manoeu- vrabilty as deseribed by LSA Code 5.1.1.7 is wind force 7 and open sea. A totaly enclosed lifeboat may be approved as rescue boat, ‘when all requirements in 1300 and LSA Code Ch, 5 are com= plied with, The boat shall have a deck where at least 2 persons ‘aan work and retieve persons ftom the water, and bring per= sons on stetchers into the boat, The fresboard to this deck shall, ‘make it possible for 2 persons taking a person under his arms, ‘when Iying in the water, simulating condition of full exhaus~ tion, and not wearing an immersion suitor lie jacket. Det NORSKE VERITAS. 4 Standard for Cortfcation- No. 2.20 October 2007 12. Manufacturing Conditions and Work- manship of GRP Boats 12.1 Manufacturing premises Manufacturing premises shall be so equipped and arranged that the material supplier’ directions for banding tue mater- als, the laminating provess, and curing conditions can be fol lowed The air emperature in the moulding shops shall not be less than HI8°C. The spulaed nim teroperaturesbll be alaned for at least 24 hours before commencement of laination, and shall ‘be maintainable regardless of the outdoor air temperature. The temperature shall nt vary by more than 3°C daring lamination. Higher temperature is, however allowed during curing The relative humidity ofthe ae shall be Kept constant so tat condensation is avoided and shall not exeeed 80 pe cet a t= as with spray moulding, the air humidity sall ot be less than 440 per cent. The stipulated air hmdity shall be maintainable regardless of outdoor air temperature and humidity. Air temperature and relative humidity shall be measured regu- lacy and shall be recorded, In larger shops there shall be at least one thermo-hydrograph for each 1500 m? floor area where lamisation is cartied out. The locaton ofthe instmnent tn the premises shall be as neutral as possible. Draught through doors, windows cc. as well as direct sunlight is not acceptable in places when lamination and curing are in progress Manufacturing premises shall be kept clean, and as fee from dust as possible s that aw materi and mous re not sone The ventilation plant shall be so arranged that the euring proc- ss isnot affected, 12.2 Storage premises Storage premises shall be so equipped and arranged that the material supplier’ directions for storage and handling of the raw materials can be followed, Storage premises for glass-ibre shall be kept clean, and as free from dust as possible, so thatthe raw material is not contam- nated, Glass-Libre parcels are also to be protected against rain and moisture, Polyester, gel-coat and the like shall not be stored at temperae tures that will affect the qualities of the material. Rew materi als stored at temperature lower than ~18°C shall be heated to the temperature in the moulding shop before use, Tanks for polyester shall be equipped and arranged so that the content tan be stirred every day The glassfibre material is, before being transferred to the ‘moulding shop, to be stored at premises with a lower relative humidity than the airof the moulding shops, and at an air tem- perature of at least +2°C higher than inthe moulding shops. I fuch a storage of glass-fibre material is not possible, the mate- Fial shall be stored for atleast two days at promises with air of the same condition as in the moulding shops: 12.3 Materials aw materials shall be approved by a recognised organisation The fracture elongation ofthe applied gel-coat shall not be less than the fracture elongation of the applied polyester. Inthe submerged part of the hull the reinforcement layer next to the gelcoat shall contain as litle water-soluble bonding components as possible, and normally spray-roving or powder ‘bounded mats shall be Used The boat manufacturer has to keep all documentation related to the raw materials, and has it available at request for inspection The storage periods and the storage temperatures for polyester materials shal be within the limits specified by the supplier ‘Curing/accelcration systems shall be selected with due regard to the reactivity of the polyester and in accordance with the supplier’ directions. Heat development during curing shall be kept ata safe level. The quantity of curing and acceleration ‘agents shall be kept within the limits specified by the supplier Core materials used in strength members shall be of approved type, Solid timber shall not ne covered by laminate. Plywood shall comply with all the requirements of British Standard 1455-1972, Details of metal, which shall be laminated into the material, shall be corosion resistant, 12.4 Workmans All laminates and stiffeners shall be protected by gel-coat and topcoat. Edges of sandwich panels shall be moulded and pro- tected with gel-coat or topcoat Gel-coat shall be applied in a thickness ofa least 0.3 mm and ‘normally not more than 0.6 mm. The gel-coat is as faras prac~ ticable to be applied by spraying. Downwards spread of the {el-coat is not accepiable. The gel-coat shall not be allowed to {cure more than 24 hours before commencement of laminating Structural parts should preferably be laminated by hand lay-up andlor spray moulding. Other lamination methods may be ac~ ‘cepted if extensive tests are catried out with satisfactory sults: Even polyester stored in drums shall be stirred before ‘Moulding of important bull members shall be carried out only by skilled workers under the supervision ofa foreman experi- ceiced inthe judging ofthe workmanship and the quality ofthe finished laminate. The foreman is also to ensure thatthe pro- duction is in accordance with the Standard Large structural parts shall be properly supported after remo al from the mould. Moulding-in of stiffeners, equipment et. is as far as possible tobe carried out in wet laminate, Laminate which has cured for ‘more than 24 hours has to be cleaned to remove possible de- posit of wax and grinded so that the fibres are exposed prior fo any further lamination of structural pats, After completion of lamination, the laminates shall be cured forat least 48 hours at an air temperature of minimum =18°C (Caring ata higher temperature and shorier curing time may be accepted on the basis of conteol of the curing rate 12.5 Hand lay-up ‘The glass reinforcement shall be applied in approved quence. Next to the gel-coat a layer of mats or cloth of maxi ‘mum 450. gim? shall be applied; on surfaces with small curvatures up to 600 gim? may be accepted. (Overlap of reinforcement material shall be atleast SO mm, Polyester resin should be applied between cach layer of rein- forcement. Gas and air pockets shall be worked out ofthe lam- inate before the next layer is applied. Based on material esting it ean be accepted that two of three layers can be applied be- tween each complete rolling. Rolling of each layer shall be ‘made carefully, paying attention to sharp transitions and eor- The time interval between application of cach layer of rein- forcement shall be within the limits specified by the material supplier. For thicker laminates care shall be laken lo prevent excessive heat generation, 12.6 Spray moulding ‘The term spray moulding shall be understood as simultaneous spraying of polyester resin and fibreglass reinforcement. Man- facturing premises for spray moulding method are subject to special approval When approval of the manufacturing premises for spray ‘moulding methods is considered, special atention willbe paid Der Noss! /ERITAS ‘Standard for Certification - No, 2.20 October 2007 to production arrangement, ventilation equipment, intemal product control and other factors of significance tothe result, Spray moulding of hull, deck and other strength structures shall be carried out only by spray operators which can verify that they have skills and knowledge about materials, spray ‘equipment and workmanship, ‘The equipment used for spray moulding shall give an even ho- :mogenous build-up of tae laminete with constant glass quality ‘ver the whole exposure area. Any dosage devices shall ensure ‘a smooth application of additives to the polyester resin, Ct = ‘bres have t be at least 20 mm in length During spray moulding there shall be an even application over the entire surface, Regular rolling of the sprayed-on layers shall be carried out, Next tothe gel-coat, rolling shall be done for maximum 1.5 mu thickness of laminate thickness, subs

    You might also like