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Indonesian Midwifery Research Journal ISSN 2615-5621

Vol 3, No. 2, December 2019, pp. 102-105 102

The relationship between anemia in pregnancy and the incidence of

postpartum hemorrhage at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Bantul in 2018

Nova Liana Fasha1*, Dewi Rohanawati 2

1.2 University of 'Aisyiyah Yogyakarta

ARTICLE INFORMATION: ABSTRACT

Article History: Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is still one of the causes of maternal death, which is 28%.
Accepted date 23 October 2019 Untreated postpartum bleeding can result in haemorrhage shock, puerperal infections, and puerperal
Date revised 30 November 2019 anemia. One of the predisposing factors for postpartum hemorrhage is anemia in pregnancy.
Date in Publication 28 December 2019 Research objective: To determine the relationship between anemia in pregnancy and the incidence
Keywords: of postpartum hemorrhage at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Bantul. Method: This quantitative
Anemia research with an analytical survey used a case-control approach with a total of 104 respondents
Pregnancy consisting of 52 case samples and 52 control samples. Data collection used secondary data, and
Postpartum Bleeding data analysis used Chi Square correlation. Results: Data analysis used chi-square with a p-value
of 0.000 (p <0.05), OR 5.078 with 95% CI (2.205-11.694). There is a relationship between anemia
in pregnancy and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Bantul.
Conclusion: pregnant women with anemia have a 5x greater risk of experiencing postpartum
hemorrhage compared to pregnant women who do not have anemia.

10.32536/ jrki. v3i2.63

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is still one of the causes of maternal mortality which is 28%.
Untreated postpartum haemorrhage can result in shock haemorrhage, puerperal infection, sheeran
syndrome, and anemia. One of the Predisposing Factors of Postpartum Bleeding is Anemia in
Pregnancy. Objective: To determine the relationship of anemia in pregnancy with the incidence of
postpartum hemorrhage in PKU Muhammadiyah General Hospital Bantul.

Methods: This quantitative study with analytic survey uses a case control approach with the number
of respondents being 104 respondents consisting of 52 case samples and 52 control samples. Data
retrieval using secondary data, and data analysis using Chi Square correlation Results: Analysis of
Key words : data using chi-square with p-value value showed a result of 0.000 (p<0.05). : There is an association
Anemia
of anemia in pregnancy with the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage. Conclusion: pregnant
Pregnancy women with anemia have a 5x greater risk of experiencing postpartum hemorrhage compared to
Postpartum haemorrhage pregnant women who do not have anemia

Introductionÿ Prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Yogyakarta

2017 of 14.32% (DIY Health Office, 2017).

Based on data World
Organization (WHO), 25% of the 100,000 maternal
deaths in the world are caused by postpartum hemorrhage
(WHO, 2017). 30.43% of maternal deaths in Indonesia
occur during the puerperium. In Yogyakarta, 12% of
maternal deaths are caused by
sepsis/infection (DInkes DIY, 2017). In Bantul Regency,
11% of maternal deaths were caused by PEB, sepsis
and others.
Health
While in Bantul Regency the incidence of anemia in
pregnant women is 16.32%. Anemia in pregnancy can
have a negative effect, especially during pregnancy,
childbirth and the puerperium. The impact of anemia in
pregnancy can be wrong
one of which is postpartum hemorrhage due to the
absence of uterine muscle contractions. (sari, P, 2013).
One of the predisposing factors for postpartum

ÿ
hemorrhage is anemia in pregnancy. According to Aryani,
Author correspondence.
F (2017) there were 39 (30.5%) anemic pregnant women
E-mail address: meilani.mita@yahoo.com
experiencing bleeding
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Vol 3, No. 2, December 2019, pp. 102-105

post partum. Pregnant women with anemia have a 5 times Results and Discussion

greater chance of experiencing postpartum hemorrhage Results

compared to those who do not have anemia. This is in line with
The incidence of anemia in pregnancy at PKU Muhammadiyah
the results of Sandven I's research (2017) which states that the
Hospital, Bantul, is presented in Table 1.
risk of pregnant women with anemia with postpartum hemorrhage
is 4.27.
Table 1. Distribution of the Frequency of Anemia Events in
pregnant women at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Bantul 2018.
No Variable f %

From the results of a preliminary study conducted at the Anemia Incidence

1. Anemia 54 51.9
PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital in Bantul in January - December 2. Not Anemia 50 48.1

2016 there were 383 deliveries, in January - December 2017 Total 104 100

Based on Table 1, it can be seen that the description of

there were 476 deliveries, in January - December 2018 there
anemia of pregnant women at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital,
were 294 deliveries, 53 cases of postpartum hemorrhage Medical
Bantul in January 2016- December 2018, there were 54 anemia
Records PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital).
(51.9%) while those who were not anemic were 50 (48.1%)

Based on the background and preliminary study, the researcher

is interested in conducting research entitled The Relationship of
Table 2. Relationship between Anemia in Pregnancy
Anemia in Pregnancy with Muhammadiyah Bantul Postpartum
and Post Partum Hemorrhage at PKU Muhammadiyah
Events in 2018.
Hospital, Bantul in 2018
Bleeding in PKU General Hospital
Postpartum Hemorrhage
No Total P
Anekia Bleeding
Bleeding f % value

f % f % Anemia 37 71.2 17 32.7 54 51.9

Research methods

Study No 15 28.8 35 67.3 50 48.1

This is a quantitative research in the 0.000
Anemia
form of an analytic survey design. Total 37 100 60 100 104 100

The research design used was a case control approach. The

independent variable (independent variable) is anemia in Based on table 2 it is known that from

pregnancy. 37 (71.2%) of the 104 respondents who experienced bleeding in

Dependent variable (variable dependent) bleeding the anemia category, and 15 (28.8%) who were not anemic,

postpartum The while 17 (32.7%) respondents who did not bleed with anemia,

study sample was all birth mothers who experienced while 35 (67.3%) were not anemic ). The results of the Chi-

postpartum hemorrhage totaling 52 people. The study used a Square test , namely the p-value, showed a result of 0.000, so it

1:1 ratio so that the sample size was 1-4 (52 case groups and could be concluded that the p-value was 0.008 <0.05 and there

52 control groups). was a relationship between anemia in pregnancy and postpartum

hemorrhage at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Bantul in 2018.

Data analysis used to test the relationship using the Chi-

Square test. To see the size of the research risk factor using the
Odds value.

The analysis was continued by assessing the risk factors

for anemia in pregnant women with the incidence of postpartum
hemorrhage by looking for the Odds Ratio (OR). This shows that
pregnant women with anemia have a risk of 5 times more
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104 Indonesian Midwifery Research Journal ISSN 2615-5621

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higher postpartum hemorrhage compared to mothers who are Conclusion

not anemic.
Based on the results of the study, anemia in pregnancy
Discussion has a 5 times greater risk of postpartum hemorrhage compared
to mothers who are not anemic.
The results of data analysis showed that 51.9% of
respondents experienced anemia in pregnancy. Respondents
who experienced anemia as many as 37 (71.2%) experienced Thank-you note
postpartum hemorrhage. Based on the results of the chi square
test, a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05), OR 5.078 (CI: 2.205-11.694) The researchers would like to thank all parties who provided
was obtained, this indicates that there is a relationship between assistance and support until this research was completed.
anemia in pregnancy and postpartum hemorrhage.

Pregnant women with anemia have a 5 times greater risk of Bibliography

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