STAT 1430 Recitation 6A

Suppose you choose a student at random and you note gender and whether they are
wearing a backpack. Write the notation for each of the following. For example P(A),
P(A|B), P(A and B). Note, some may have the same answers, but different wording, as
you find in the media.

1. Probability that a female student is wearing a backpack.

2. Probability that a student who is wearing a backpack is a female.

3. Probability that a student is wearing a backpack and is female.

4. Probability that a student is male IF they are wearing a backpack.

Suppose 40% of your customers have debit cards, and of those customers, 60% use
credit cards. You also know that of your customers who don’t have debit cards, 80%
use credit cards.
Let D=debit card, ND = no debit card, C=credit card users and NC=non-credit card users.

5. Fill in the table using only probability notation, for example P(D) or P(ND and C) or
P(D|C). DO NOT CALCULATE ANYTHING OR SHOW ANY FORMULAS.

Credit Card No Credit Card Total

Debit card
No debit card
Total

6. Now using the MULTIPLICATION RULE (see lecture notes), fill in the appropriate
numbers in all parts of the table below. Show all formulas, notation, and calculations
for the 4 cells in the table. Then just sum to get the marginal totals. (Work - next page)

Credit Card No Credit Card Total

Debit
card
No debit
card
Total
STAT 1430 Recitation 6A

Suppose you examine whether your customers are aged under 18, or 18 and over, and
whether they made a purchase at your store. Your results are in the following table:

Under 18 18 or over Total

Purchas .15 .17 .32
e
No .25 .43 .68
Purchas
e
Total .40 .60 1

Let U = Under 18, NU = 18 or over, P=purchase, and NP=no purchase. Answer the
following questions using probability notation, such as P(P|U) or P(NU and NP).

7. Using notation, what probability does .17 represent?

What type of probability is this, conditional, marginal, ‘and’?

8. Using notation, what probability does .15 represent?

What type of probability is this, conditional, marginal, ‘and’?

9. Using notation, what probability does .40 represent?

What type of probability is this, conditional, marginal, ‘and’?

10. Using notation, what probability does .25 represent?

What type of probability is this, conditional, marginal, ‘and’?

11. If we took .15/.40, what probability does this represent? Use notation.
What type of probability is this, conditional, marginal, ‘and’?

12. If we took .15/.32, what probability does this represent? Use notation.
What type of probability is this, conditional, marginal, ‘and’?

Voter Statistics
Statistics Brain Research Institute (http://www.statisticbrain.com) reports the following
information regarding voters:
 70% of all U.S. Citizens are registered to vote.
 69% of U.S. males are registered to vote.
 73% of U.S. females are registered to vote.

Given the above information:

13. Write down probability notation for “70% of all U.S. citizens are registered to vote.”
STAT 1430 Recitation 6A

14. Write down probability notation for “69% of U.S. male citizens are registered to
vote.”

15. Write down probability notation for “73% of U.S. female citizens are registered to
vote.”

16. Independence
a. Make 2 pie charts (by hand or using StatCrunch) to illustrate the information
about the % of males and females being registered to vote, compared to the
overall percentage of registered voters. SHOW THE PIE CHARTS HERE:

b. Using the above information, is gender independent of being registered to vote?

Explain your answer.

17. Find another website where voter registration statistics are presented by another
variable that is NOT gender. Write down your source, and the results.