SURNAME, First Name(s) USI

CHM 1207 Lab #7 - Chemical Equilibrium and Le Chatelier’s Principle

https://youtu.be/LxqfXPq4ipM
You are required to view the video and complete the lab report.

A – Chromate/Dichromate equilibrium

2 CrO4 -2 (aq) + 2 H+1 (aq) ⇄ Cr2O7 -2 (aq) + H2O (l)

yellow orange

Test tube # of additions to chromate (VI) Observations

solution of

H2SO4 (dil.) NaOH (dil.)

1 / Orange colour was seen

2 / No change

3 / Orange colour was seen

3 / Yellow colour was seen

3 / Orange colour was seen

3 / Yellow colour was seen

1. What factor is responsible for the colour changes in the equilibrium mixture in this
experiment?
pH: Alkaline and Acidic Condition - both ions are always present and exist in equilibrium with
one another, but that the yellow chromate(VI) ions predominate under alkaline conditions and
the orange dichromate(VI) ions predominate in acidic solutions
B- Iron(III)/Thiocyanate Equilibrium
Fe+3 (aq) + SCN-1 (aq) ⇄ Fe(SCN)+2 (aq)

pale yellow colorless deep red

Test Tube Observation Dominant Species

#1 – Equilibrium Reddish brown iron(III), Fe(SCN)+2

#2 Orange Red colour was seen Fe(SCN)+2

#3 Deep red colour was seen Fe(SCN)+2

#4 Pale yellow colour was seen iron(III)

2. What factor is responsible for the colour changes in the equilibrium mixture in this
experiment? Concentration of species

3. Use the change of colour observed in test tube #4 to explain the role of the potassium
dihydrogen phosphate and the resulting effect on the equilibrium position.
It removes thiocyanate ions which shifts equilibrium position to the left.

1
C - Methyl Red
HMR (aq) + H+ (aq) ⇄ MR (aq)

Red Yellow

Test-tube Acid present Base present Observations

(please tick) (please tick)
A / Red colour was seen
B \ Yellow colour was seen

C Yellow colour was seen

C / Yellow colour was seen
C / Red colour was seen

4. What factor is responsible for the colour changes in this experiment?

Acid / base condition - H+ ions and OH- ions

D – Hydrated cobalt(II)/cobalt(II)chloride equilibrium
[Co(H2O)6] 2+(aq) + 4Cl- (aq) ⇄ [CoCl4] 2- (aq) + 6H2O

Pink blue
additions to chromate (VI) solution of Observations

Water HCl

/ Red brown (pinkish) colour was seen

/ Blue-purple colour was seen

/ Red brown(pinkish) colour was seen

/ Blue purple colour was seen

Silver Nitrate Solution A pinkish layer colour was seen at the top of the
liquid

5. What factor is responsible for the colour changes in this experiment?

Concentration

2
6. Use the change of colour observed in test tube #4 to explain the role of the silver nitrate and
the resulting effect on the equilibrium position. Support your response wia an ionic equation.
The AgNO3 removes of chloride ions shifts equilibrium to the left; Cl- (aq)+ Ag+ (aq)→
AgCl

E – Nitrogen Dioxide/Dinitrogen tetroxide equilibrium

2NO2 (g) ⇄ N2O4 (g)

Brown Colourless

Observations:
-A temperature decrease (ice bath) in the above reaction favors the forward reaction to produce
heat and form colorless N2O4 gas

-A temperature increase (water bath) in the above reaction will favor the reverse reaction to use
the excess heat and form brown NO2 gas.

What factor is responsible for the colour changes in this experiment?

Temperature is the responsible factor for this experiment.
Name one other factor that would affect this equilibrium.
Pressure is another factor that would affect this equilibrium.

How would increasing the named factor affect the colour observed? Explain your answer.

- When there is a decrease in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side of the
reaction with more moles of gas. In this case NO2 will be formed and a brown gas will be
seen
- When there is an increase in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side of the
reaction with fewer moles of gas. In this case N2O4 will be formed and a colourless gas
will be seen