INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

INTRODUCTION TO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

SEMESTER 2, 2022 - 2023
QUIZ 6_Answer Tuesday class
Duration: 30 minutes
Student Name:..................................................Student ID:............................................................
Score:
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Total

Remember to box your calculated results (- 5 points for each question)

Question 1 (30pts):
1. Indicate the anatomy of an optical fiber. Briefly describe the function of each component
of the fiber optic. (10pts)

2. Give an application of optical fiber in biomedical engineering and briefly describe it?
(10pts)

Fiber optic lasers for surgery are a type of solid-state laser that uses optical fiber as medium.
As the light is delivered through a flexible fiber, the lasers allow the light to be easily
integrated into surgical devices such as endoscopes and microscopes. An advantage of using
medical fiber optic is its tolerance to tight bends, which make it appropriate medium for use
in invasive surgery.
 3. Briefly describe Macular Degeneration, Glaucoma, and their current treatments. Why are
these methods used in 6 – 10 lines and use your own word.? (10pts)

Question 2 (40pts):
1. What is the formula for optical fiber attenuation? (20pts)

2. An optical fiber having a coefficient of attenuation of 15dB/Km is used for the

communication between the distances of 40Km. How many regenerators need to be
installed? As a rule, reamplification of the signal is necessary when the power loses
50dB. (20pts)

Question 3 (30pts):
1. What are refraction and reflection? What is a critical angle? (10pts)

Refraction is the phenomenon in which the direction of a light is changed as it penetrates

the through a different medium because of the change in transmission medium.

Reflection is the phenomenon in which the direction of a light is changed at the interface
of 2 different media to its original medium.

Critical angle is the angle of incidence that make the angle of refraction 90o or π/2
radian. This angle exists if and only if the incident ray is originated from medium with
higher index of refraction.
2. A rectangular pool with a flat horizontal bottom is filled with water. A student looking at
the midpoint of the water surface at an angle of 45° with the vertical is barely able to see
a point lying on the intersection of the pool wall and the bottom of the pool. Calculate
the depth of the pool. Given that the refractive index of water is n = 4/3, the two walls of
the pool are 30cm apart. (15pts)

3. What is Snell’s law formula? Indicate each value. (5pts)

 4.

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
INTRODUCTION TO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
SEMESTER 2, 2022 - 2023
QUIZ 6_Answer Wednesday class
Duration: 30 minutes
Student Name:..................................................Student ID:............................................................
Score:
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Total

Remember to box your calculated results (- 5 points for each question)

Question 1 (30pts):
1. Sketch the eye anatomy and indicate the names and function of 6 parts. (5pts)
 2. Xenon bulbs are a type of gas discharge lamp. Electricity passing through the ionised
xenon gas produces powerful, bright, crisp light. What does XED stand for? Can you
describe the working principle of XED. (20pts)
XED (Xenon Energy Discharge Lamp), working principle: Xenon gas with high voltage
excitation, the free electrons in the lamp electric field obtain enough energy to collision atom, so
that it releases more free electrons, which cause the gas lamp continuous avalanche discharge,
thereby releasing out of electromagnetic waves, and ultimately achieve the purpose of gas
discharge light.

3. Indicate the anatomy of an optical fiber. Briefly describe the function of each component
of the fiber optic. (5pts)

Question 2 (40pts):
1. A biconvex lens of the same radius R, when placed in air, has a focal length f = 30 cm.
Immerse the lens in a water bath, make its main axis vertical, and then let a parallel beam
shine vertically from the top down, the focus point is 80cm away from the lens. Calculate
R, given that the refractive index of water is 4/3. (20pts).
 2. Briefly describe Macular Degeneration, Glaucoma, and their current treatments. Why are
these methods used in 6 – 10 lines and use your own word.? (20pts)

Question 3 (30pts):
1. A monochromatic light ray strikes the side face AB of a prism whose cross-section is an
equilateral triangle ABC, parallel to the base BC. Rays coming out of AC have the same
direction as AC. Calculate the refractive index of the prism. (15pts)
2. A man sitting on the shore of a lake dipped his feet in clear water. The refractive index of
water is 4/3. The actual distance from the person's feet to the surface of the water is 36 cm.
Ask the person's eyes how far from the surface of the water their feet feel? (15pts)
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