THERMODYNAMICS -1(chap-3)

WHORK SHEET (1-8)

1, In what forms can energy cross the boundaries of a closed system?

Energy can cross the boundaries of a closed system in two forms: heat and work.

2,When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a closed system heat and when is it work?

The form of energy that crosses the boundary of a closed system because of a temperature difference is heat; all
other forms are work.

3, What is an adiabatic process? What is an adiabatic system?

An adiabatic process is a process during which there is no heat transfer. A system that does not exchange any heat
with its surroundings is an adiabatic system.

4, A gas in a piston–cylinder device is compressed, and as a result its temperature rises. Is this a heat or work interaction?
It is a work interaction

5, A room is heated by an iron that is left plugged in. Is this a heat or work interaction? Take the entire room, including the
iron, as the system.
It is a work interaction since the electrons are crossing the system boundary, thus doing electrical
work.

6, A room is heated as a result of solar radiation coming in through the windows. Is this a heat or work interaction for the
room?
It is a heat interaction since it is due to the temperature difference between the sun and the room.

7, An insulated room is heated by burning candles. Is this a heat or work interaction? Take the entire room, including the
candles, as the system.
This is neither a heat nor a work interaction since no energy is crossing the system boundary. This is simply the
conversion of one form of internal energy (chemical energy) to another form (sensible energy).

8, What are point and path functions? Give some examples.

Point functions depend on the state only whereas the path functions depend on the path followed during a process.
Properties of substances are point functions, heat and work are path functions.
 THERMODYNAMICS -1(chap-4)

WHORK SHEET (1-4)

1, For a cycle, is the net work necessarily zero? For what kind of systems will this be the case?

No. This is the case for adiabatic systems only.

2, On a hot summer day, a student turns his fan on when he leaves his room in the morning. When he returns in the
evening, will the room be warmer or cooler than the neighboring rooms? Why? Assume all the doors and windows are
kept closed.

Warmer. Because energy is added to the room air in the form of electrical work.

3, What are the different mechanisms for transferring energy to or from a control volume?

Energy can be transferred to or from a control volume as heat, various forms of work, and by mass
transport.

4, A fixed mass of an ideal gas is heated from 50 to 80°C at a constant pressure of (a) 1 atm and (b) 3 atm. For
which case do you think the energy required will be greater? Why?

The energy required is mcpΔT, which will be the same in both cases. This is because the cp of an
ideal gas does not vary with pressure.

5 ,A fixed mass of an ideal gas is heated from 50 to 80°C at a constant volume of (a) 1 m3 and (b) 3 m3. For which
case do you think the energy required will be greater? Why?

The energy required is mcpΔT, which will be the same in both cases. This is because the cp of an
ideal gas does not vary with volume

6,A fixed mass of an ideal gas is heated from 50 to 80°C (a) at constant volume and (b) at constant pressure. For
which case do you think the energy required will be greater? Why?

For the constant pressure case. This is because the heat transfer to an ideal gas is mcpΔT at constant
pressure, mcvΔT at constant volume, and cp is always greater than cv.