Alcoholism Updated File 2

Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY
Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
ISO 9001:2015 CERTIFIED
COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY
ALCOHOLISM: A FACTOR CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR
An Undergraduate Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of
College of Criminology
Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology
Cabanatuan City
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY
The Researchers:
Bernardo, Genesis R.
Bote, Harold Jade M.
Corpuz, Josephson B.
Dela Cruz, Vincent S.
Nabong, John Kevin M.
Patricio, John Mark Anthony T.
Peria, Lendyl Neil T.
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2022
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Alcohol is associated with general anti-social behavior affecting people’s general quality
of life. Alcohol is clearly a popular good, as per worldwide estimate, there are two (2) billion
alcohol consumers. While most consumers enjoy alcohol in moderation, some consumers
consume heavy alcohol and act unprofessional especially when they drink too much without
knowing that it is associated with negative health and social outcomes. It has been acknowledged
that the enjoyment of alcohol consumption may lead the consumer to a potential negative
outcome. Since using alcohol is legal and persistent, it plays a strong role in the relationship to
crime and other social problems (National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Inc.,
2015).
Alcoholism is a severe form of alcohol abuse, and it involves the inability to manage
drinking habits. It is also commonly known as alcohol use disorder. Alcohol use disorder will be
arranged into three categories: mild, moderate and severe. Each category has various symptoms
and can cause harmful side effects. If left untreated, any type of alcohol abuse can spiral out of
control (Galbicsek, 2022).
Alcohol related crime is not a new thing. In the United States, 35% of victims of violent
crimes say their attackers were intoxicated at the time of the incident. Alcohol usage raises the
risk of juvenile violence, child maltreatment and abuse, intimate relationship violence, elder
abuse, sexual assault and sexual violence, and more than half of those convicted for homicide did
it while under the influence of alcohol (Shafir, 2021).
Alcohol consumption could be an important determinant of how much a student learns
without having a strong impact on their decision to attend college. This question is fundamental
and timely, given recent research showing that underage drinkers are susceptible to the
immediate consequences of alcohol use, including blackouts, hangovers, and alcohol poisoning,
and are at elevated risk of neurodegeneration. In the United States, one in four individuals
between the ages of 12 and 20 drinks alcohol on a monthly basis, and a similar proportion of 12 th
graders consumes five or more drinks in a row at least once every two weeks (Williams, 2017)
Individuals struggling with alcoholism often feel as though they cannot function normally
without alcohol. This can lead to a wide range of issues and impact professional goals, personal
matters, relationships and overall health. Over time, the serious side effects of consistent alcohol
abuse can worsen and produce damaging complications. In still-developing Asian countries, a
recent World Health Organization (WHO) report the growing negative effects of alcohol use,
particularly among young people compare to older adults, stating that alcohol use among this
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group requires special attention due to their biological and psychological vulnerability.
(Galbicsek 2022)
One particular concern is the connection between alcohol and violence, with a large
proportion of hospitalizations each year because of alcohol-related delinquent behavior. Both
delinquent behavior and alcohol use show strong continuities over time and increase dramatically
on transition from adolescence to young adulthood. The implications of the results from this
study will help facilitate a better understanding of how to prevent alcoholism as a factor
contributing to delinquent behavior. In the Philippines, even when there is no occasion, many
Filipinos still hang out together anywhere like in the streets, bar, in front of their houses and
convenience stores drinking gin and tonic which is also consider as a cheaper alcoholic drink.
Alcoholism is a growing concern in the culture and social life of Filipinos. Several cases of
sexual and drug abuse, suicide and violence among Filipinos is usually due to drunkenness or
alcohol intoxication (Valbuena, 2006).
There are significant associations between alcohol marketing exposure and increased
alcohol use and drunkenness among youth in the Philippines. Alcohol use among youth is
affected by a range of psychosocial and environmental factors. Relatively recent research has
increasingly focused on the role of exposure to alcohol marketing broadly defined and its
influences on youth drinking in particular (Palmier, 2013).
New marketing strategies for beer and spirits are now being used to target youth and
women, particularly by the large local companies, Asia Brewery and San Miguel Corporation.
Although the Philippines has a national legal minimum age for off and on premises sales of
alcoholic beverages and a recently enacted drunk driving law, there are no restrictions on the
marketing of such alcoholic beverages to youth and minors (Sinson, 2016)
Schools are institutions where most people spend their early years and where most adult
behaviors are formed. Therefore, any behavior developed at this stage, like alcohol consumption,
may be carried on to adulthood. Consequently, the Department of Health saw it fit to conduct
research on Metro Manila college students as a starting point before doing a countrywide survey.
Alcohol consumption data is important, at the very least, for policy and monitoring purposes.
Moreover, admittedly, the DOH lacks data on any kind of alcohol consumption in the country
(Pagkatipunan, 2014).
Moreover, alcohol also plays a large role in criminal activities and violence. An incident
that happened on Barangay San Luis, Antipolo City, wherein Rizal residents are complaining
about two brothers who spread havoc and public disturbance every time they are drunk.
According to the Chairman of the Barangay, Cristol Cate Sr. the two are not like that when sober
but when they are drunk, they use their car to roam around and challenge everyone to a fight for
no reason. The two were arrested by the Barangay police after their last incident of disturbance
and were charged with alarm and scandal and unjust vexation.
According to Miguel, C.I. (2022) a staff of DSWD in Cabanatuan City, most of the
children in "Bahay Pag-asa", which operates as a transformational facility exclusively for
Children-in-Conflict with the Law and Children-at-Risk, were engaged in child labor but there
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are some who are there in a reason of committing acts which are against the law due to
drunkenness. One of which is Epong, an alias name for a minor who has been caught drunk
driving. As stated by him, it will serve as a life lesson to drink moderately and that he will never
drive again under the influence of alcohol.
In 2021, six minors, 15 years old to 17 years old of age were engaged in killing a 22
years old man in front of National Food Authority, Maharlika Highway Cabanatuan City. The
man who's been killed was residing at Genaro Extension, Dionisio S. Garcia who was by that
time, was going home. The minors never been caught in a reason of they ran away from the
scene and their family hide them after the knowledge that their sons were engaged in killing an
innocent man. The minors are from San Juan Accfa and seen to be drunk. Razon, F.C. (2022)
The researchers conducted an interview regarding the level of alcohol in barangay
Dionisio S. Garcia, Cabanatuan City. The latter have the privilege to talk to one of the barangay
councilors, which is councilor Rommel De Guzman, in the year 2021, during the pandemic, after
the lockdown (ECQ, MECQ, GCQ, MGCQ) people regained access to alcohol when the liquor
ban was lifted. The level of alcohol consumption increased again in the whole Barangay, most of
them are young people who make drinking alcohol a hobby. There were about fifteen cases in
the said barangay that were connected to drinking alcohol. The Sanggunian became more
careful, to avoid problems caused by drinking alcohol (De Guzman, 2022)
Another interview was conducted in Barangay San Juan Accfa, Cabanatuan City, with
Councilor Cherry Catulay, regarding the problems caused by alcohol in their Barangay.
Councilor Catulay states that drinking alcohol causes a lot of problems for a person, especially in
their mental state being. One of the biggest problems caused by alcohol was the chaos that
occurred in the last basketball league while the two teams were fighting, there was a conflict due
to physical play that ended up in a heated situation. A member of the group asked for help from
other friends who were drinking in other corner, they threw the bottle of their alcohol and ended
up in a chaotic incident. Some of the players of the other team were rushed to the hospital
because they got many wounds while others were beaten. There are also people who were
watching and got affected by the incident (Catulay, 2022).
The researchers also conducted an interview with the Barangay Chairman of San Roque
Sur, Cabanatuan City. There was an incident there where a 17-year-old boy hit a 6-year-old child
using his motorcycle. After investigation, they found out that the driver is driving without a
license and drunk, but he refused to tell the truth, he said that he was distracted by a dog who
cross over the street, he tried to avoid it, but he accidentally hit the child (Angeles, 2022).
With the above-mentioned circumstances, alcohol is one of the biggest and existing
reasons why people, especially juveniles, engage in crime. This study will be pursued by the
researchers. Generally, it will attempt to reduce the likelihood of alcohol misuse and dependence
to prevent the development of delinquent behavior. Specifically, this study will be conducted to
determine the effects of alcoholism in the development of delinquent behavior.
Local Government Unit, specially the Sangguniang Barangay has the power to lessen the
number of consumers in the Philippines, with implementing and executing the ordinances
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properly. According to Truxillo and Burlacu, 2015. Leadership positions are now held by older
people more frequently than ever before. Psychological research has suggested that older leaders
have some distinctive qualities compared to younger leaders. Today, most of the members of
Sangguniang Barangay has a chairman who is a member of Baby Boomer Generation or those
people who are 56 years old and above.
According to Goetz, 2007 ; Chappel and Walyen, 2013. The political sphere remains
male-dominated, both nominally and substantively. Nominally, the historic and ongoing
dominance of men within political organizations is self-evident. Men continue to populate and
hold positions of power in parliaments, executives, political parties, and international in greater
numbers than women. At this time, Barangay Sanggunian were dominated by Men, whether it is
Chairman, Councilor and even Secretary. No one can deny that the Barangay Sanggunian is
dominated by Men.
The majority of the member of Sangguniang Barangay are married. According to Statista,
2023. The media age of registered marriages in the Philippines had been consistent since 2019.
To be exact, married men had a median age of 29 years while women were 27. Most of the
weddings that occurred in 2021 were contracted through civil ceremony. In relation to this, most
of the member of Sangguniang Barangay are 30 years old and above who are married.
According to Senador Imee Marcos, 2019. Currently, barangay officials and SK members
have a term of three years. However, the term of barangay officials and SK members may not be
enough for the effective implementation of their plans and programs. As such, there is a need to
extend their term of office to 6 years that would ensure continuity and stability.
Conceptual Framework
In line with House Bill No. 2661 titled “An Act Prohibiting the Access of Minors to
Alcohol and Penalizing Establishments that Furnish Alcohol to Minors” sponsored by the Lower
House, Reps. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo and her son Diosdado Macapagal Arroyo and seconded
by Sen. Bong Revilla with a similar measure in the Senate known as the "Anti-Underage
Drinking Act" wherein the State recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation building and
shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social well-being.
Towards this end, the State shall undertake efforts to eliminate alcohol abuse and reduce
underage drinking by prohibiting minors' access to alcohol. Minors are those below 18 years old.
In the explanatory note, these bills attribute the cases of violence, sexual and drug abuse and
suicide to drunkenness and alcohol intoxication. Thus, they seek to guarantee that the youth
would carry out their responsibility in nation building, ban minors from drinking alcohol,
penalize those who allow them access to alcohol and punish establishments that sell alcohol to
minors.
In relation to this, the study will conduct to assess the effects of alcoholism in the
development of delinquent behavior, the measures will implement by the respondents in order to
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prevent alcoholism as a factor contributing to delinquent behavior and lastly, the implication of
the findings of the study to the parents of the delinquents.
This research is in accordance with the Input-Output- Process Model as shown in figure
2. The input part of this study will compose of demographic profile of the respondents, effects of
alcoholism in the development of delinquent behavior and measures will implement by the
respondents to prevent alcoholism as a factor contributing to delinquent behavior. On the other
hand, distribution of survey questionnaires / checklist, statistical treatment of data and tabulation
of data will be included in the process. Meanwhile, the output part deals with the reduction of
alcohol use to prevent delinquent behavior.
Research Paradigm
Input Process output
-Profile of the - Distribution of -Reduction of

respondents Survey alcohol use to
questionnaires / prevent the
-Effects of
Checklist development of
alcoholism in the
delinquent behavior.
development of - Collection of Data
delinquent behavior. -Tarpaulin contains
- Statistical
awareness to
-Measures Treatment of Data
abstain alcohol
implemented by the
- Tabulation of Data usage to minors
Barangay Officials to
prevent alcoholism - Analysis of Data
as a factor
contributing to - Evaluation of Data
delinquent behavior. - Interpretation of
Data
FEEDBACK
Figure 1. Research Paradigm
Statement of the Problem
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This study aims to determine the Factors of Alcoholism in the Development of

Delinquent Behavior in selected barangays in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija.
Specifically, it seeks to answer the following sub-problems:
1. How may the socio-demographic profile of the respondents be described in terms of:
1.1 age?
1.2 gender?
1.3 civil status and?
1.4 years in service?
2. How does alcoholism affect the development of delinquent behavior?
3. What are the measures implemented by the Barangay Officials to prevent alcoholism among
minors in the barangay?
Significance of the Study
The findings of the study will benefit the group of individuals and organizations:
Community.
The results of the study will be beneficial to them due to the fact that this contains
information and data that they need to see and understand about the possible harmful effects of
alcoholism and how it contributes to the development of delinquent behavior. This could also
benefit them in a way that they will have an idea about the devastating consequences of
inappropriate or excessive alcohol use, not to scare them but also to educate them because
alcohol-related issues are underappreciated.
Philippine National Police.
The results of the study will also serve as a basis for them since they enforce laws, this
will give them new ideas on how to handle minors and folks who are exhibiting delinquent
behavior. This could also help them to strengthen their policies and procedures in responding to
crimes, especially alcohol related crimes.
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Local Government.
The results of this study will serve as a basis for the Local Government to heighten the
penalty for violated laws regarding the prohibition of selling alcohol to minors. Specifically, the
Presidential Decree No. 1619 an act penalizing the use or possession or the unauthorized sale to
minors of volatile substances for the purpose of inducing intoxication or in any manner
changing, distorting or disturbing the auditory, visual or mental process.
Barangay Officials.
The results of the study will serve as a basis for them on the effects of alcoholism in the
development of delinquent behavior and what new measures should they implement in order for
them to monitor, act immediately and prevent alcohol-related crimes or delinquency in the
community.
Parents of Minors.
The results of the study may give guidance and support to their children in their everyday
lives. This would also become the basis for them to develop a good, harmonious and open
relationship with their children to avoid alcoholism.
Minors.
The results of the study may give warning to about the damaging effects of alcohol and
how it can lead to the development of delinquent behavior.
Criminology Students.
The results of the study will serve as reference for them, to give them an insight on the
effects of alcoholism and how it can contribute to the development of delinquent behavior, also,
for them to know the consequences of drinking too much alcohol.
Future Researchers.
The results of this study will serve as a guide and reference for the next researchers. The
scope and objectives of this study will give them data and understanding on what scope they
should focus on and tackle for their research.
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Scope And Delimitations
The study will focus on determining “The Effects of Alcoholism in the Development of
Delinquent Behavior.” The respondents of the study were thirty-six (36) appointed and elected
Barangay Officials of the four (4) Barangays in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija namely Barangay
D.S. Garcia, Barangay Imelda, Barangay San Juan Accfa, and Barangay San Roque Sur.
Definition of Terms
To better understand the content of the study, the following terms are defined
operationally:
Alcohol - The term will be used in the study as a drink which acts as a reason in the development
of delinquent behavior.
Alcohol abuse – The term will be used in a study which refers to the irresponsible drinking habit
that can lead to alcoholism.
Alcoholism – The term will be used in the study to an uncontrollable drinking that could
potentially affect the people around them if left unchecked.
Assault - The term will be use in the study as an unprovoked attack by somebody while
intoxicated with alcohol.
Binge drinking – The term will be used in the study of excessive alcohol consumption in a short
span of time.
Delinquent – The term will be used in the study for a person who commits minor crimes or
violates community ordinances or regulations.
Delinquent Behavior –. The term will be used in the study to describe disorderly behaviors such
as damage to property, burglary/theft, physical violence and threatening someone using weapons.
Intoxication – The term will be used in the study to describe someone who is intoxicated with
alcohol when he or she commits a crime.
Public Disorder - The term will be used in the study of disorderly behaviors such as making
loud noises and using obscene language in a public space.
Violence - The term will be used in the study to the violent behavior that will be exhibited by an
intoxicating person.
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CHAPTER 2
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
The study will use a descriptive method of research. A descriptive research method can
be used in multiple ways and for various reasons. It aims to systematically and accurately
describe the situation or a phenomenon. The researchers have no control over the variables, but
only observe and measure them.
According to Tan (2005), descriptive research describes with emphasis what actually
exists such as current conditions, practices, situations, or any phenomenon. The focus is on
prevailing conditions, or how a person, group or things behaves or functions in the present. It
often involves some type of comparison or contrast.
Moreover, Loeb et al. (2017) stated that descriptive research is research used to describe
a situation, subject, behavior, or phenomenon while Nassaji (2015) also cited that the goal of
descriptive research is drawing and classifying the phenomenon. In addition, Walliman (2011)
explained that descriptive research relates to observation in collecting data.
Locale And Population
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The nearby Barangays of D.S. Garcia, Imelda, San Juan Accfa and San Roque Sur will be
the respondents of this study. The stated Barangays are commonly known in Cabanatuan City for
having a high percentage of alcohol related problems. These four (4) Barangays in Cabanatuan
City will participate in our study Alcoholism: a factor contributing to delinquent behavior.
Purposive sampling will be used to determine the target population, those to be involved
in the study. The target respondents are Barangay Officials of the stated Barangays who will be
chosen based on their knowledge of the information desired. The Barangay Officials will consist
of One Elected (1) Barangay Chairman, Seven (7) Elected Councilors and One (1) Appointed
Secretary for each Barangay.
Data Gathering Tools

The survey or questionnaire checklist will be used to collect data for the purpose of
determining the effect of alcoholism on the development of delinquent conduct in minority
youth. It seeks to collect valid quantitative data and is composed of the following three sections:
Table 1. Respondents by Group

Group Number
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D.S. Garcia 9
Imelda 9
San Juan Accfa 9
San Roque Sur 9
Total 36
Part I of the instrument is meant to extract data from the socio-demographic profile of the
respondents, including their age, gender, marital status, and years of service.
Part II of the instrument consisted of five (5) item checklists for assessing the factors of
alcoholism on the emergence of delinquent conduct.
While Part III of the instrument is comprised of five (5) items addressing the actions
implemented by respondents to prevent alcoholism as a role in the development of delinquent
conduct.
Data Gathering Procedure

Before distributing the questionnaire-checklist to respondents, a letter requesting
permission to gather data must be sent to the adviser together with a letter to the respondents.
Important authorities in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, such as the Barangay Captains of
Barangay Dionisio Santarina Garcia, Barangay Imelda, Barangay San Juan Accfa and Barangay
San Roque Sur would also get a letter requesting the study.
The letter included a questionnaire sample for review by the dean and administrators, and
the research is subject to approval or modification. Prior to administering the instrument, the
respondents will be informed on the questionnaire they will complete and the purpose of the
study.
In addition, the researchers will emphasize that their identity and privacy would be
protected, and that their responses to the questionnaire will be kept confidential. After three days,
the questionnaires will be retrieved by the researchers from the offices of the respondents to
ensure that all questions have been answered and that no items were left blank. After retrieving
the data, it will be tabulated, processed, and interpreted with the use of the proper statistical
tools. It will conclude with a presentation of statistics demonstrating the consequences of
alcoholism on the development of delinquent behavior.
Treatment Of Data
The data will be presented, analyzed and interpreted using frequency, percentage,
weighted mean, and ranking system.
1. Socio-Demographic Profile of Respondents. The responses of the respondents to the
questionnaire checklist will be tallied, tabulated, and organized. Frequency distribution. It is a
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list of either qualitative or quantitative values that a variable takes in a data set and the associated
number of times each value occurs (frequencies) (Lavrakas, 2008) For percentage computation
f
%= ------ x 100
N
Where:
% = percentage
f = number of respondents for every item
n = total number of respondents
2. The effect of alcoholism in the development of delinquent behavior. For weighted mean:
TWF
WM = ----------
N
Where:
WM = weighted mean
TWF = total weighted frequency
N = total number of respondents
3. Measures implemented by the respondents to prevent alcoholism as a factor contributing to

delinquent behavior.
For weighted mean: (See solution provided in number 2.)
Questionnaire – Checklist
“ALCOHOLISM: A FACTOR CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR”
Direction: Please indicate your response to each item below by putting a check mark (✔) on
the blank which corresponds to your answer. Your responses will be treated with utmost
concern and confidentiality.
Part I. Demographic profile of the respondents
Age:
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[ ] 21-25 years old [ ] 26-30 years old

[ ] 31-35 years old [ ] 36-40 years old
[ ] 41-45 years old [ ] 46-50 years
[ ] 51-55 years old and above [ ] 56 years old and above
Gender:
[ ] Male
[ ] Female
Civil Status
[ ] Single
[ ] Married
[ ] Widow/er
[ ] Separated
Years in service
[ ] 1 – 5 years
[ ] 6 – 10 years
[ ] 11 – 15 years
[ ] 16 – 20 years and above
Part II. How does alcoholism contribute to the development of delinquent behavior?
Kindly indicate your answer by placing a check mark (✔) on the appropriate column
provided for each item.
Rank Verbal Interpretation Verbal Description
4 SA Strongly Agree (Lubos na
Sumasang-ayon
3 A Agree (Sumangsang-ayon)
2 D Disagree (Hindi Sumasang-
ayon)
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1 SD Strongly Disagree (Lubos na

Hindi Sumasang-ayon)
STATEMENTS 4 3 2 1
1.1 Alcoholism can make minors exhibit disorderly behavior like
making loud noises and using obscene language in a public
space. (Ang pagkalulong sa alak ay maaaring magdulot sa
mga menor de edad na magpakita ng hindi maayos na pag-
uugali tulad ng paggawa ng malalakas na ingay at paggamit
ng malaswang pananalita sa isang pampublikong lugar.)
1.2 Alcoholism can lead minors to commit violent crimes.
(Murder, rape, assault, robbery, etc.) (Ang pagkalulong sa
alak ay maaaring magtulak sa mga menor de edad na gumawa
ng mga marahas na krimen.
(Pagpatay, panghahalay, pananakit, pagnanakaw at iba pa.)
1.3 Alcoholism can lead minors to commit damage to property.
(Vandalizing things such as windows, streetlamps, benches or
gardens). (Ang pagkalulong sa alak ay maaaring magtulak sa
mga menor de edad na gumawa ng pinsala sa ari-arian.
(paninira ng mga bagay tulad ng mga bintana, ilaw sa kalye,
bangko o hardin.)
1.4 Alcoholism makes minors involved in hate crimes such as
bullying, harassment and verbal abuse. (Ang pagkalulong sa
alak ay nagiging sanhi ng pagkasangkot ng mga menor de
edad sa mga krimen ng pagkapoot tulad ng pang-aapi, pang
haharas at pang-aabuso sa salita.)
1.5 Alcoholism can lead minors to use physical violence.
(Physical fights, hitting someone so severely and attacking
someone with a knife, brass knuckles or something else)
(Ang pagkalulong sa alak ay maaaring magtulak sa mga
menor de edad na gumamit ng pisikal na karahasan.
(pisikal na pakikipag-away, pananakit sa isang tao nang
napakatindi at pag-atake sa isang tao gamit ang kutsilyo,
asero o iba pa.)
Table 2. Effect of Alcoholism in the Development of Delinquent Behavior
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Part III. Measures implemented by the respondents to prevent alcoholism among minors in
the barangay. Kindly indicate your answer by placing a check mark (✔) on the appropriate
column provided for each item.
Rank Verbal Interpretation Verbal Description

4 SA Fully Implemented (Mahigpit
na Naipapatupad)
3 A Implemented (Naipapatupad)
2 D Moderately Implemented
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(Minsanang Naipapatupad)
1 SD Not Implemented (Hindi
Naipapatupad)
STATEMENTS 4 3 2 1
2.1 Restricting the sales of alcoholic beverages to minors or
under 18 years old. (Paghihigpit sa pagbebenta ng inumin
na nakakalasing sa menor de edad o wala pang 18 taong
gulang.)
2.2 Improvement of parent-child relations using positive
reinforcement, listening and communication skills.
(Pagpapabuti ng relasyon ng magulang-anak gamit ang
positibong pagpapalakas, pakikinig at mga kasanayana sa
komunikasyon.)
2.3 Increasing surveillance via CCTV to prevent minors from
committing damage to property. (Paghihigpit sa
pagbabantay sa pamamagitan ng CCTV upang maiwasan
ang mga menor de edad na makapinsala sa mga ari-arian.)
2.4 Active family and community involvement, and cultural
sensitivity. (Aktibong pakikilahok ng pamilya sa
komunidad at pagiging sensistibo sa kultura.)
2.5 Imposition of swift and strict penalties to those reported
showing delinquent behavior. (Pagpapataw ng mabilis at
mahigpit na parusa sa mga naiulat na nagpapakita ng
delikuwenteng pag-uugali.)
2.6 Increasing the surveillance of Barangay Tanod and
officials by patrolling at night to prevent drinking liquor
outside of the streets. (pag-higpit sa pagbabantay sa
pamamagitan ng pagpapatrolya sa gabi upang maiwasan
ang pag inom sa labas ng bahay.)
2.7 Limiting karaoke hours that may cause disturbance in the
community. (Paglimita sa oras ng pag-gamit ng karaoke na
maaring magsanhi ng ingay na makakaabala sa mga tao sa
komunidad.)
2.8 Proper orientation from barangay official with regards to

barangay ordinances to tenants. (Maayos na naipapaalam
sa mga nangungupahan ang mga ordinansa ng barangay.)
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Table 3. Measures Implemented by the Respondents to Prevent Alcoholism
CHAPTER 3
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the result of the study, analysis and interpretation of data gathered
from the respondents. This serves as the summary of all the answers to the questionnaire. The
data gathered were tallied and the following findings were derived.
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PART 1 Profile of the respondents

The profile of respondents was divided into four categories, which are age, gender, civil
status and years of service. These four categories are useful in determining and grouping of the
respondents.
Table 2. Age of the Respondents
AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE RANK
26-30 2 5.6 % 4.5
36-40 4 11 % 3.5
41-45 4 11 % 3.5
46-50 7 19 % 2
51-55 2 5.6 % 4.5
56 and above. 17 47 % 1
TOTAL 36 100
As observed in the Table 2, the majority of the members of the Barangay Sanggunian
were consists of 56 years old and above which ranks 1st and has a total of 17 votes. Today, most
of the members of Sangguniang Barangay has a member of Baby Boomer Generation or those
people who are 56 years old and above.
According to Truxillo and Burlacu (2015), leadership positions are now held by older
people more frequently than ever before. Psychological research has suggested that older leaders
have some distinctive qualities compared to younger leaders.
Table 2.1 Gender of the Respondents

GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE RANK
Male 23 64% 1
Female 13 36% 2
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TOTAL 36 100%
In table 2.1 gender, the table showed that 64% or 23 of the respondents were male, on the
other hand, 36% or 13 were female. This shows the dominance of male public servant in politics
during the conduct of the study. It implies that majority of the elected Barangay officials were
male.
According to Goetz (2017); Chappel and Walyen (2018), The political sphere remains
male-dominated, both nominally and substantively. Nominally, the historic and ongoing
dominance of men within political organizations is self-evident. Men continue to populate and
hold positions of power in parliaments, executives, political parties, and international in greater
numbers than women.
Table 2.2 Civil Status of the Respondents

CIVIL STATUS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE RANK
SINGLE 8 22% 2
MARRIED 24 67% 1
WIDOW/ER 3 8.2% 3
SEPARATED 1 2.8% 4
TOTAL 36 100%
In table 2.2 shows that most of the barangay official responds were married with 67% or
24 because it is the range of age that Filipino’s are usually getting married. While there are 22%
on the single stage because of early career in politics. In addition, 3 or 8.2% of the respondent’s
spouse are gone which are the widowers. Lastly, 1 or 2.8% of the respondents are separated.
According to Statista (2023), the media age of registered marriages in the Philippines had
been consistent since 2019. To be exact, married men had a median age of 29 years while
women were 27. Most of the weddings that occurred in 2021 were contracted through civil
ceremony. In relation to this, most of the member of Sangguniang Barangay are 30 years old and
above who are married.
Table 2.3 Years in Service of the Respondents

YEARS IN FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE RANK
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SERVICE
1-5 Years 7 19.4 3.5
6-10 Years 12 33.3 1
11-15 Years 7 19.4 3.5
16-20 years and 10 27.8 2
above
TOTAL 36 100%
In table 2.3 shows that 6-10 years in service were the majority which shows that 12 or
33.3% of the respondents are now in their second term as a member of Sanggunian. Secondly,
16-20 years and above consists of 10 or 27.8% of the respondents. And lastly, the 1-5 years and
11-15 years tied in 7 or as 19.4%.
According to Senador Imee Marcos in Senate Bill No. 1195 (2019), currently, barangay
officials and SK members have a term of three years. However, the term of barangay officials
and SK members may not be enough for the effective implementation of their plans and
programs. As such, there is a need to extend their term of office to 6 years that would ensure
continuity and stability.
PART 2 Distribution of responses in terms on How does alcoholism contribute to the

development of delinquent behavior?
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INDICATORS WEIGHTED VERBAL RANK

MEAN DESCRIPTION
1 Alcoholism can make minors exhibit 4 SA 2.5
disorderly behavior like making loud noises
and using obscene language in a public space.
2 Alcoholism can lead minors to commit 4 SA 2.5
violent crimes. (Murder, rape, assault,
robbery, etc.)
3 Alcoholism can lead minors to commit 4 SA 2.5
damage to property. (Vandalizing things such
as windows, streetlamps, benches or
gardens).
4 Alcoholism makes minors involved in hate 4 SA 2.5
crimes such as bullying, harassment and
verbal abuse.
5 Alcoholism can lead minors to use physical 3.9 SA 5
violence. (Physical fights, hitting someone so
severely and attacking someone with a knife,
brass knuckles or something else)
TOTAL WEIGHTED MEAN 4
Legend: SA - Strongly agree.

A - Agree.
D - Disagree.
SD - Strongly disagree.
In general, the Barangay Sanggunian, the majority of the respondents voted strongly
agree, in a reason that they believe alcohol have severe negative effect on individuals specially
those minors who engaged in alcoholism. Additionally, alcoholism has a bad effects on both
physical and psychological state of a person, especially on minors.
According to C. Galbicsec (2022), alcohol plays a large role in criminal activities and
violence. Excessive drinking has the ability to lower inhibitions, impair a person’s judgment and
increase the risk of aggressive behaviors. Because of this, alcohol-related violence and crime
rates are on the rise throughout the country. There are two-way association between alcohol
consumption and violent or aggressive behavior. Not only may alcohol consumption promote
aggressiveness, but victimization may lead to excessive alcohol consumption.
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Vandalism and property damage represent yet another set of consequences influenced by
alcohol. Intoxicated youth are more likely to commit these acts regardless of their age (Hingson
and Kenkel, 2017).
Alcohol can negatively impact developing brains, leading to lifelong problems. Early
alcohol consumption increases the likelihood that a person may eventually experience severe
alcohol issues. They run a higher chance of engaging in hazardous sexual behavior, physical
violence, and performing poorly in school, among other negative outcomes. Children and
teenagers do not have the mental, emotional, or physical maturity to handle intoxication or its
effects (Juergens, 2019).
Part 2 Indicators number 5 ranks the lowest although it is also under the category of
“Strongly Agree”, it ranks the lowest since some of the people may use alcohol to aid with sleep
onset due to its sedative properties, allowing them to fall asleep more quickly (D. Pacheco & Dr.
Singh, 2023).
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PART 3 Distribution of responses in terms on Measures implemented by the respondents

to prevent alcoholism among minors in the barangay
INDICATORS WEIGHTED VERBAL RANK
MEAN DESCRIPTION
1 Restricting the sales of alcoholic beverages 3.6 FI 5
to minors or under 18 years old.
2 Improvement of parent-child relations using 3.6 FI 5
positive reinforcement, listening and
communication skills.
3 Increasing surveillance via CCTV to 3.7 FI 3
prevent minors from committing damage to
property.
4 Active family and community involvement, 3.6 FI 5
and cultural sensitivity.
5 Imposition of swift and strict penalties to 3.3 FI 8
those reported showing delinquent
behavior.
6 Increasing the surveillance of Barangay 3.9 FI 1.5
Tanod and officials by patrolling at night to
prevent drinking liquor outside of the
streets.
7 Limiting karaoke hours that may cause 3.9 FI 1.5
disturbance in the community.
8 Proper orientation from barangay official 3.4 FI 7
with regards to barangay ordinances to
tenants.
TOTAL WEIGHTED MEAN 3.6
Legend: FI = Fully Implemented
I = Implemented
MI = Moderately Implemented
NI = Not Implemented
As seen in Part 3 Indicators number 6 and 7 which tied at rank 1.5, Barangay Sanggunian
were already fully implementing the increasing the surveillance of Barangay Tanod and officials
by patrolling at night to prevent drinking liquor outside of the streets and limiting karaoke hours
that may cause disturbance in the community. According to the Local Government Code of
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1991, Republic Act No. 7160, the role of the Barangay in assures the peace and order in the
barangay level; the barangay tanod's duties and responsibilities include: assisting barangay
officials in crime prevention and promoting public safety through patrolling/"ronda", reporting to
the offices concerned of any disruptions or unjust events; and other means deemed appropriate in
the prevention of crime.
On the hand, number 5 ranks last but also in the category of fully implemented, it ranks
the lowest in a reason of sending an individual convicted of a crime to prison is not a very
effective way to deter crime because it is unlikely to deter future crimes (National Institute of
Justice, 2016).
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Alcoholism Updated File 2

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Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND

ALCOHOLISM: A FACTOR CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR

Background of the Study

Input Process output

-Profile of the - Distribution of -Reduction of

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the Factors of Alcoholism in the Development of

2. How does alcoholism affect the development of delinquent behavior?

Significance of the Study

Philippine National Police.

Scope And Delimitations

Locale And Population

Data Gathering Tools

Table 1. Respondents by Group

Data Gathering Procedure

3. Measures implemented by the respondents to prevent alcoholism as a factor contributing to

“ALCOHOLISM: A FACTOR CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR”

[ ] 21-25 years old [ ] 26-30 years old

1 SD Strongly Disagree (Lubos na

Rank Verbal Interpretation Verbal Description

2.8 Proper orientation from barangay official with regards to

Table 3. Measures Implemented by the Respondents to Prevent Alcoholism

PART 1 Profile of the respondents

Table 2.1 Gender of the Respondents

Table 2.2 Civil Status of the Respondents

Table 2.3 Years in Service of the Respondents

PART 2 Distribution of responses in terms on How does alcoholism contribute to the

INDICATORS WEIGHTED VERBAL RANK

Legend: SA - Strongly agree.

PART 3 Distribution of responses in terms on Measures implemented by the respondents

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