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Ey-Ee-Ev: hv» he e gp th Wavelength foun wn idle HEgiION We can Oouve the Light, Ce, LED Wi gtow ehthen LED i Unbiased, and wren LEO ts Fl, EF Mlinisencg, iu dose vo Valence sand on ; Z i Ve BD cote 20 p Meee ag PO hia nd on Nh stele ction bet a He cord 2 take plu *Wowlength of emitted ight kecombinatn, Olupenda en enuryyy GAP Of Ahi material» Hence the colour of re conolucto fol, we emitted Lighk dlapencls on The yy py atrial Used Gots > fared racuiation GaP —> Ree 9 green cae) Game —» Rieok (or) yodlors | 8D emits no Light when ib | Rie | Noltoge renga: lsu 9 3+3V \ egy & emives Ey & content ot equinenuin | ar 7 Appicarion a Dighat arsplay, +8 dvicen + Wéclaly ured in cUdoOMOrW Lodusiry ica sour ce in fi Lens ceed waxed 1 eenote content Photo diods + Silicon Protodiods bh a Light Senying device and ‘is alse tated & Photo olitector i @& tronducer uehich Convent: Light signals vow eterno Proto olate exer Signo aun’ spite “Suge oo a Lo Ds epuration Uw Limited +9 RIE erly. Phovodiock Us kept in & Stated plastic or glam coning b glows window sak ad The cover o comng ts So derigned | thot Hu Aight hays are allowed - Jal pa the surface acren the junction, The Atmaining cidts Of tre CAHNG Us paintea to nue the Peneeration Of) Aight Adu. AL Lenk | permits ght to foltas on the [ qunction, Unda pormad condition Dk couriw smodl Jewoue Curentlus to minority charge Carrion talled clark cunent [(Prow vowraic | mone bethen dight je inci dint hough ghar window on pr junction« Photons ta Light bombard /hit cthe PN junction and some eneray is empanted we tre veuenee electro Due to the aguicarion of ke to the é's, covalent bonos ; break And become £f2ee 2'S- Thuy Mort E-hole paths ore generated Tsing xotat no.of minority Charge Cauioe ( pjiete ies, Ushun bog Falla On the RIB Ppa junction clieek.) thuby ing bue current. Phore Conductive ( Phore meets >) When Va tsa furthu, free e's Gus mutkipltd usin ix Called Avalanche moc... So tre Magnitude Of the phorpwirrent clpends en no. ef Charge Carrivyl and on the elimination of the aioe elument The maynituclt Of he currenr, Unclr RR given ea Testor eiwe) Tyo Revese Soduration turcene is Ts SC Curent which ic proportional Ho ight intent Ny Voltage Cover oliodls. Vrevow fous velent emg %L* Payamneren Gera and ai-2) Character ics pte ve) wee ow Wi awene Curent eu uh ole p ennon ye, Ue Tee BEB Appucations, + Ter @® Lighs © dasectore ® Aw a Solon co (OV AW) | Phroccreristi @ High speed Logic coraits Ahend) @ I Fibo optic rccewow Photo tsanwstOrt . Ot ROE oe ye wee S e e Proto clo yiver Low cure "| Mra 6 ushered proto tramnisior FY |C bey Jorge (anepurest] aver Te le Oo Bigne duresoy hide convbines phot Bool OMAietoy any ur PHC Ue, pro teemsitron a. ha. wing pam og he 14 Once at Is Umelly Connected . ce Cantiaeration vstty ya" open and @ Leng focusing the Ligne or BC junction, aU Photo MAME Er 2 Lamina (Bane, HE coUlIOL) Lig. we wee Only 2 for electrical connect. bdhun thee is np aggvant O¥ELAHON | Ree Sadun Cunt Tes ftows bee, with Te-0 7 act Te- BIpt (1tBIT., lec Te> UT, Las coll (Py qu) bl it ) Chharccreristiog 60 dog cir Z.lent) boous pic. ceivers oo 202 LK on Foe uy * Veew) ie wiih s® When vight is tumed on % J "J addlctional ywinority Charge CAITR Cre genucied, tren pt re. ow ae e (iret Ta) oe Whe yr. Tes rere sanucaion current dus Ugh! ght deecrion syscerrm 2D Legut ppercsed suoitches 2) Reading OF fUM Cound twock 4) Hag speed veacting Of ccenputer purced corde and tape Bfortay Tt is @ %-teeminal device. Javing BY ,B2 and emitter The main chorocterstic 6f UST UW that whent it is triggered Te T regenercuvdy aL ie is damrived by emiitien Power supply Bue to ths {eoture it is Wrecl in Gpplicotionm Uke Oscillators , ENG ger oUt, Gowtooth Qeneradox, UST retaxation exdUatos, etc. Sxyertoor 7 geruttwne 8. € B SE et) , & z a A Wigrsty deped n-type semiconductor is taken dave @hmic contach are Mack on enor Sidw to form fre temminaly Bl and 62, A heavity doped P-eype mosetial “is dtu gnio the FO N-type marvel Cbida Gps Hu J/~ emater rammal Sines a single pon junction, ie As as umjencton -bramiitn. called Spuation + 4 Ra, © 8, bdhen Ven os applied And emir is open 8, The Voltage Vg, betwen, emttor and BY extadticher a RIB on the dliode anct only A small Lease Current flows Om 82 to Chvtter dun 45 Minovivy charge CaNAtens ae vst 8 i Breate ond said be mM eu ay RGA 4 has) Regenerative effeck. fa move then a rwe wolvage os Appued at tne emitter terming| he pn function will sumain RIB dW tre Hp vortcye i Len than ey (Ve < Ve,t Vp) « Fr 800N Os He AIP atotiage GA Emit exceeds Ve, (Ne VetVe) , the dicots becomes F/B. Und tris condition Jheddu ar Supplied from PAegKOn go tre N-Region, There Boles are sep by wwe B2 termine and are Octtrotted tovserc Bl termind. “This Tse tr 0. Of holes in the OViber to BI Aegion eruth in the bse Of avristances Because of this the intemal WoLtA ge OLLop from Emdtur to BY do dS Aeduced , Hous trig Te. Meownsr This is Caltel as ols are Opplied , o conclition | Of scduration is xcadhed. AY Hu | point Of saturation Ty i Lyrit Tn ow 0 clus t 0 Say brite, IH Mcove tf Te stow WR Hy, ' Abtex 4 in Ve a % ty See ig Xedion/ “WT ‘ Joy emt Pot supp, Now Iphe daviee CONBUMIVS Quigg pn state The voltage 00m Ry ig No > Veo Rei Rertfe, Vee 5D Re fart Re, no OS to O-8 7 Charvacteristias NI ; oe ee € sentence oe oe ein oe wos Batwaton Vepion, = Te € ition dy MH a ae Th curofy reyon Ne ‘Ase form HO clue bo Minority Charg. Cantu | Ne Aid ee 9 crrald warren Plows Prom bet (BI tem Orton collec Lecrkage Curent f HOW IS, pyove the cepinite volue Of Ye, on Aub Te secuts 49 {Low anck Tse yyices | Unit Hhe peak paint the int After the pen point an tse 4 es) W Ve cams a suololn T5¢ jus We An Tg wrth corresponding eed dee in Ve. This os “ve AewsIAIE a oe | NegiON 0 ate The ve Avgscance Acgion OF the} w ‘i He Cume ends at re valley point gh gif Ona Opes ths vetey point, aH Chtvice is cbusen date cotusarion Atyion “Tenner otioas « Nosmal pn junction aioe Lut heavity oped Usmue in loping Concentieetion i (000 tines Yow ated Your ovetinary pa juncion TE GRUB “Ve Aenistance property , Ad VT, TL. And duu to heany hoping Concent: ations clapusten, pogion is veay narrows Syenbol + co k Studure Tunneling Effect + TTunnet cto exhibits tunneling effect . TRe movement Of valine és tyomn valenu band | +0 conduction band Lorth Lvte GN no voltage appriccl ts called Aunneling . 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