BEKP 4853 ENERGY UTILIZATION &

CONSERVATION

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektrik

Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

1 1
Course Works (40%)
Quizzes 5%
PBL 20%
Test 15%

Final Examination 60%

Total 100%
1.1 “Introduction to the Energy
Efficiency”
 Upon completion of this Sub-Chapter, student
should be able to:
 Relate what is energy efficiency (EE)
 Relate the importance of EE
 Related legislation to EE in Malaysia
 The changes towards the earth
 Energy and Environment; demand
increasing every year
 CO2 level; rapid increase of
anthropogenic greenhouse gases
(GHG)
 If nothing is done to slow down
Green House Gas (GHG)
emissions
 CO2 concentration will increase
more than 700ppm in 2100
 Global average temperature
projected to increase between
1.4 - 5.8 degree.
Global warming is a phenomena of climate change
whereby the average temperatures of the lower earth
atmosphere are recorded to steadily increase by a few
degrees in recent decades.
Causes of Global Warming
 Which can be caused by the use of fossil fuels, and industrial or agricultural
processes.
 Basically, it can be divided into category.
 Electricity and Heat; Manufacturing and Construction; Transportation; Fuel
Combustion; Fugitive Emissions; Industrial Processes; Agriculture; Land Used
change and Forestry; Waste; International Bunkers.
 Among many of them, “transportation” as well as “electricity and heat” is the
highest contributor to GHG emission.
 Green House Effect

 Ozone Layer Depletion

(EFFECT BY ChloroFluoroCarbons [CFC])
• Temperatures will get warmer.
• Glaciers will melt, ice sheets in Artic will melt (Polar
Bears hunt on ice sheets)
• Sea levels will rise. Utah will be on Pacific Coast….
NOT!
• More droughts in dry areas and more rain and snow
in wet areas.
• More violent weather around the world.
June 2002 Dec 2003
1914
2004

MELTING SEA ICE

RISE IN SEA LEVEL WORLDWIDE
MORE KILLER STORM
 HEALTH – SPREAD OF DISEASE:
As northern countries warm, disease carrying insects
migrate north, bringing swine flu and other disease with
them
• Global energy trends
• Global energy trends
What is Energy Efficiency (EE)?

Getting similar (or better) level of service

with less energy consumption

Paying less for electricity to get the same amount of

amenities required!
 Electricity rate always increases

 Saved fund can be use for other beneficial areas

 To save fossil fuels:

 Are depleting resources
 Escalate in price as they are exhausted

 To conserve the environment:

 The only one we will leave to our future generations
 Fossil fuel combustions produce green house gasses
CO2, SO2 and NO2 that can cause acid rain and global
warming
 To improve the foreign reserves of our country:
 Reduce import of generating plants
 Export unused indigenous fuel to earn foreign
exchange

 To save money on the energy not “wasted”:

 Reduce electricity means lower cost for users (improve
costing)
 Reduce demand growth means less capital investment
needed for new electrical infrastructure
1.2 “LEGISLATIONS RELATED TO
ENERGY MANAGEMENT”
 Upon completion of this Sub-Chapter, student
should be able to:
 Deliver an understanding of policies and
legislations to energy management.
 Provide sufficient information on policies that
supports energy management practices.
 Accelerated Energy Conservation Scenario
25
Facilities &
Energy conservation progress, %

Process change
Large Investment
20 Effect : 5%
Enhanced
Management New Tech
15
Medium Investment
Effect : 7%

10 Inspected Tech

Small Investment*
5 Effect : 11%

* Investment for Energy Management

Management Support System
• Measuring Instrument
0 • Control System
1 2

Year 38
 National Energy Policy (Dasar Tenaga Negara)
Three principal energy objectives are instrumental in guiding the future
energy sector development:

1. The Supply Objective

To ensure the provision of adequate, secure, and cost-effective energy
supplies through developing indigenous energy resources both non-
renewable and renewable energy resources using the least cost options
and diversification of supply sources both from within and outside the
country
2. The Utilization Objective
To promote the efficient utilization of energy and to discourage wasteful
and nonproductive patterns of energy consumption
3. The Environmental Objective
To minimize the negative impacts of energy production, transportation,
conversion, utilization and consumption on the environment

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 Definition of Green Technology
The development and application of products,
equipment and systems used to conserve the natural
environment and resources, which minimizes and
reduces the negative impact of human activities.
Satisfy any of the following General Criteria:
• minimizes degradation to the environment;
• has zero or low green house gas (GHG) emission;
• safe for use and promotes healthy and improved environment
for all forms of life;
• conserves the use of energy and natural resources; and
• promotes the use of renewable resources

40
 Ministry of Energy, Green
April 2009 Technology and Water was
established during the
Cabinet reshuffle
National Green
24 July 2009 Technology Policy was
launched by the Prime
Minister

1 Jan 2010 Malaysia Green Technology

Corporation

41
 GREEN

Energy Waste & Water Building Transport

Regulation Regulation
Energy
Environment Environment
Efficiency
Quality Act Quality Act
(EQA) (EQA)
Certification Regulation Standard
Green Uniform MS 1525
Certification Regulation Standard Building Building
Index By-Law
Sustainable Registered
MS ISO (GBI) (UBBL)
Energy Electrical
Energy 50001
Manager
(SEM) Manager
(REEM)

42
 Ministry of Energy, Science,
Technology, Environment and Climate
Change ( MESTECC)

 Energy Division – Policies and Act

 National Energy Policies - which address issues of energy production,
distribution, and consumption.
 The Energy Commission Act - 2001
 The Electricity Supply Act 1990
 Renewable Energy Act 2011
 Sustainable Energy Development Authority Act 2011

 Green Technology Division – Policies and Act

 Green Technology is the development and application of products, equipment
and systems used to conserve the natural environment and resources, which
minimizes and reduces the negative impact of human activities

 Water Division

43
 Air-conditioning
 Refrigerator
 Television
 Domestic Fan
 Lamps
 Refrigerator was selected to pioneer the program
because of it is being used in 98% of household.
 Household operate a refrigerator continuously 24 hours a
day, every day, throughout the year.
 Established under the Energy Commission Act 2001, the Energy Commission (EC)
is the regulatory agency for electricity supply and piped gas supply industries in
Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah.

 Fully operational on Jan 1, 2002, the EC took over the role of the Department of
Electricity and Gas Supply, which was dissolved on the same date.

 The Commission’s responsibilities are enshrined by the Energy Commission Act

2001, and the commission regulates and promotes all matters relating to the
electricity and gas supply industry within the scope of applicable legislation
namely:
 Electricity Supply Act 1990 [Act 447] as amended in 2015
 Gas Supply Act 1993 [Act 501]
 Electricity Regulations 1994 as amended in 2014
 Licensee Supply Regulations 1990
 Electricity Supply (Compounding of Offences) Regulations 2001
 Efficient Management of Electrical Energy Regulations 2008
 Gas Supply Regulations 1997
 Gas Supply (Compoundable Offences) Order 2006
 Economic Regulation
To promote economy in the generation, transmission, distribution, supply and
use of electricity and in the reticulation and use of gas; promote competition;
enable fair and efficient market conduct and prevent the misuse of monopoly or
market power in the electricity and piped gas industries.

 Technical Regulation
To ensure security, reliability, efficiency and quality of supply and services in
the electricity and piped gas supply industries.

 Safety Regulation
To protect the industry, consumers and public from dangers arising from the
generation, transmission, distribution, supply and use of electricity and the
distribution, supply and use of piped gas.
 Efficient Management of Electrical Energy Regulations 2008 has
been gazetted on 15th December 2008. (Under Electricity Supply Act
1990)

 Key Provisions:
 Applied to big energy users
 Notification and appointment of Electrical Energy Manager
 Electrical Energy Management Policy
 Energy audit Recommendations for electrical energy management
 Monitoring and keeping of records
 Periodical reporting
 Consumer
 Any installation which receives electrical energy from a licensee or supply
authority with a total electricity consumption equal to or exceeding
3,000,000kW has measured at one metering point or more over any period
of six consecutive months; or

 Generator
 Any installation used, worked or operated by a private installation licensee
with a total net electrical energy generation equal to or exceeding
3,000,000kWh over any period of six consecutive months;
 Generating electrical Energy for own consumption

 Energy Supplier –Existing and new installation

 A license or supply authority who supply electrical energy to any installation
 Information or documents regarding the names and particulars consumers
6.(1)The Commission may, at any time by written notice, direct – by hand
or post:

a) To appoint or designate a registered electrical energy manager

(REEM) to carry out the functions and duties under regulation 16 at
the installation.
b) To submit a written confirmation of such appointment or designation
(name, particulars, date of expiry of registration).
c) To submit information regarding the statement of policy, objectives
and accounts & documents pertaining to efficient electrical energy
management.
d) To submit the report in FORM A of the second schedule
e) To submit FORM B - reports(that have been duly signed)
 To submit to the commission:

 The information as specific in (a) and (b) not later than three month
from the date of notice, and

 The information and report as specified in item (c, d and e) not

later than thirty days after the expiry of six consecutive month from
the date of notice and the subsequent six month regularly.
 No person shall engage in, be employed or hold himself out as a
registered electrical energy manager for the purposes of these
Regulations unless the person has been registered by the
Commission

 Any person who fails to comply with sub-regulation commits an

offence under these Regulations.
Malaysian citizen aged 23 years and above; and who
 Holds a certificate or registration as a Professional Engineer under the
Registration of Engineers Act 1967(Act138) and possesses at least six months
working experience in the efficient management of electrical energy at an
installation;
 Holds a degree in Science, Engineering, Architecture or its equivalent and
possesses at least one year working experience in the efficient management of
electrical energy at an installation; or
 Holds a Certificate of Competency issued by the Commission as an Electrical
Services Engineer or a Competent Electrical Engineer and possesses at least
nine months working experience in the efficient management of electrical
energy at an installation; and
 Demonstrates knowledge of the requirements of the Act and these Regulations.
 The Commission may require the person to attend an interview.
 Any person who commits an offence under the
Regulations shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not
exceeding five thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a
term not exceeding one year or both.