Teacher Yara

What is a Volcano?

1) What do you know about volcanic eruptions?

2) Have you watched any movie related to volcanoes? What happened? How
people reacted to this event?
3) Which natural phenomenon do you consider more destructive: volcanoes or
hurricanes? Give reasons?

You are going to watch a video called Geography Lesson: What is a Volcano?
 Teacher Yara

4) Watch the video and answer: why are volcanoes essential for life on our
planet?

5) Now, listen to the video and complete the transcript with the words below:

erupts magma chamber molten rock cone-shaped

volcanic eruption ash plate lava carbon cycle
mud crater dormant atmosphere

"Volcanoes are our most explosive land-forms. Able to eject _______________,

and clouds of thick ash, high into the atmosphere with devastating consequences.
Volcanoes mostly occur along destructive and constructive __________
boundaries - where plates are pushed together or dragged apart. Cracks, or
weaknesses, allow __________ to rise up from below the Earth’s crust. Pressure
builds up, which then releases suddenly causing the magma to explode: a
_______________. Magma that reaches the Earth’s surface is called __________.
This molten lava eventually cools to form new rock. After more eruptions over time,
the mound of rock builds up; forming a _______________ volcano. Volcanoes all
have the same key structure. A collection of magma underneath the volcano forms
a hot bubbling furnace called the magma __________. The main vent allows this
magma to escape. Secondary vents are smaller outlets the magma can travel
through. The caved-in surface is called the __________. It’s created after an
eruption blows the top off the volcano. Eruptions occur when pressure forces
magma from the chamber, up the main vent; towards the crater. If the __________
and __________ from the volcanic eruption mix with rainwater or snow it creates
fast-moving mud-flows. The hot lava and overwhelming mud-flows can destroy
huge areas. However, volcanoes are also essential for life on our planet. Scientists
believe that volcanoes formed Earth’s first _______________ by spewing water
vapor, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen and carbon dioxide into the air. And volcanic
eruptions continue to contribute to the _______________, crucial to life by
releasing carbon dioxide. They can go through long periods of being very active,
but they may also become __________; not erupting for hundreds or thousands of
years and eventually they can become extinct. Just leaving a cone-shaped hill that
never __________ again."
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WgktM2luLok

6) After reading and listening to how a volcano works, describe the process
with your own words. Take some time to prepare your speech, you may take
notes of key-words following a train of thought to help you.
Teacher:
 Teacher Yara

1) Now, listen to the video and complete the transcript with the words below:

erupts magma chamber molten rock cone-shaped

volcanic ash eruption plate lava
carbon cycle mud crater dormant
atmosphere

"Volcanoes are our most explosive land-forms. Able to eject molten rock, and
clouds of thick ash, high into the atmosphere with devastating consequences.
Volcanoes mostly occur along destructive and constructive plate boundaries -
where plates are pushed together or dragged apart. Cracks, or weaknesses, allow
magma to rise up from below the Earth’s crust. Pressure builds up, which then
releases suddenly causing the magma to explode: a volcanic eruption. Magma
that reaches the Earth’s surface is called lava. This molten lava eventually cools to
form new rock. After more eruptions over time, the mound of rock builds up;
forming a cone-shaped volcano. Volcanoes all have the same key structure. A
collection of magma underneath the volcano forms a hot bubbling furnace called
the magma chamber. The main vent allows this magma to escape. Secondary
vents are smaller outlets the magma can travel through. The caved-in surface is
called the crater. It’s created after an eruption blows the top off the volcano.
Eruptions occur when pressure forces magma from the chamber, up the main vent;
towards the crater. If the ash and mud from the volcanic eruption mix with
rainwater or snow it creates fast-moving mud-flows. The hot lava and
overwhelming mud-flows can destroy huge areas. However, volcanoes are also
essential for life on our planet. Scientists believe that volcanoes formed Earth’s first
atmosphere by spewing water vapor, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen and carbon dioxide
into the air. And volcanic eruptions continue to contribute to the carbon cycle,
crucial to life by releasing carbon dioxide. They can go through long periods of
being very active, but they may also become dormant; not erupting for hundreds
or thousands of years and eventually they can become extinct. Just leaving a
cone-shaped hill that never erupts again."