Assignment 3

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs given: to-infinitive or
gerund or present participle. State each case of a gerund that is used.
1. You can use your knowledge of how charged particles and electric currents are
affected by fields to interpret diagrams of moving
particles.
2. You can use such an arrangement to observe the effect of changing the strength and direction of
the field, and the effect of reversing the field. Note that you can seriously damage a television set
by bringing a magnet close to the screen.
3. You can make a field in two ways: using a permanent magnet, or using an electric current. There is
really no fundamental difference between these two ways of creating magnetic fields. You should be
familiar with the magnetic field patterns of bar magnets. These can be shown up using iron bar
fillings or plotting compass. We represent magnetic fields, like gravitational and electric fields, by
drawing lines of force.
4. In a solenoid, reversing the current reverses the direction of the field.
5. Here are some useful rules for remembering the direction of the
magnetic field produced by a current:
• The right - hand grip rule gives direction of field lines in an electromagnet.
Imagine to grip the coil, so that your fingers go around it to follow the direction of the current.
Your thumb now points in the direction of the field lines inside the coil, i.e. points towards the
electromagnet’s north pole.
• The corkscrew rule is a way of remembering the direction of the
field lines around a current - carrying wire. Imagine to push a
corkscrew into a cork, and to turn it. The direction in which you
push is the direction of the current, and the field lines go round the direction in
which you are turning the corkscrew.
6. The magnet creates a fairly uniform magnetic field. The rod has a current flowing through it. As
soon as the current is switched on, the rod start rolling, showing that a force is acting on it. We use
Fleming’s left-hand rule to predict the direction of the force. There are three things here, all of which
are mutually at right-angles to each other – the magnetic field, the current in the rod and the force
on the rod. These can be represented by holding the thumb and first two fingers of your left hand so
that they are mutually at right-angles. Your fingers then represent: thumb-Motion; First finger-
Field;seCond finger-Current. You should practice using your left hand to check that the rule correctly
predicts these directions.
7. Scientists have put considerable effort into researching for particles that have just one magnetic
pole (magnetic monopoles).
8. We can generate electricity by spining a coil in a magnetic field. This is equivalent to use an
electric motor backwards.
9. Another use of electromagnetic induction is in transformers. An alternating current in the primary
coil produces a varying magnetic field in the core. The secondary coil is also wound round this core,
so the flux linking the secondary coil is constantly changing. Hence a varying e.m.f. is induced across
the secondary.
10.Ampere’s finding revealed that when a charged particle crosses magnetic lines, it gets pushed to
one side.
11. The tendency of a compass needle diping is a nuisance for compass users. To eliminate this
motion in a compass made for use in North America, the needle is suspended off center, or even
counterweighted on the southern end, so that it moves only in the horizontal plane of the compass.
12. Electromagnets are the work parts of some of the instruments used to measure currents and
voltages.
13. In 1681, an English ship sailing to Boston was struck by lighting. After
the storm had passed, the sailors noticed that the ship’s compass no longer pointed
north. Somehow, the lighting had reserved the magnetic poles. Nevertheless,
using the wrong end of the compass for orientation, they came safely
into Boston Harbor.
14. A person moves by pushing off from the Earth; a boat sails because the
rowers push against the water with their oars; Thus, to push off from a support
seems being a necessary condition for motion; even an airplane moves
by pushing the air with its propeller. But is it really? Might there not be
some intricate means of moving without pushing off from anything.
15. If you rub a strip of plastic so that it becomes charged, and then hold it close to your
hair, you feel your hair pulling upwards.