Finite Element Analysis

Experiment 3

Aim: Analysis of an axisymmetric element (Pressure Vessel).

Procedure:
Step 0: Open Ansys Workbench (Student Version);
Step 1: Ansys Workbench > Project interface;
Step 2: Toolbox > Analysis systems > Static Structural;
Step 3: Static Structural > Engineering Data > Structural steel;
Step 4: Static Structural > Geometry > New Geometry in Design Modeller;
Step 5: Design Modeller > Units > millimetre
Step 6: Design Modeller > Sketching > Draw > Polyline > Graphics > Create the sketch;
Step 7: Design Modeller > Sketching > Dimension > Dimensioning the sketch;
Step 8: Design Modeller > Sketching > Modify > Fillet > Specify radius;
Step 9: Design Modeller > Modelling > Revolve > Select Geometry & Axis > Specify
revolve angle as 90 ̊ > Close Design Modeller;
Step 10: Static Structural > Model > Mechanical;
Step 11: Mechanical > Geometry > Details > Materials > Assignment: Structural steel;
Step 12: Mechanical > Mesh > Generate Mesh;
Step 13: Mechanical > Static structural > Insert > Displacement > Details > Select face
(Normal to X-axis) > Define by > Components > X-component = 0 mm;
Step 14: Mechanical > Static structural > Insert > Displacement > Details > Select face
(Normal to Y-axis) > Define by > Components > Y-component = 0 mm;
Step 15: Mechanical > Static structural > Insert > Displacement > Details > Select face
(Normal to Z-axis) > Define by > Components > Z-component = 0 mm;
Step 16: Mechanical > Static structural > Insert > Loads > Pressure (35 MPa);
Step 16: Mechanical > Solution > Equivalent Stress;
Step 17: Mechanical > Mesh > Insert > Sizing > Select Internal face > Element Size (7mm) >
Solve;
Step 18: Mechanical > Solution > Total Deformation;
Step 19: Mechanical > Solution > Directional Deformation;
Step 20: Mechanical > Solution > Normal (Radial) Stress;
Finite Element Analysis

Step 21: Mechanical > Solution > Normal (Axial) Stress;

Step 22: Mechanical > Solution > Normal (Hoop) Stress;
Step 23: Mechanical > Mesh > Statistics > Check Nodes and Elements;
Step 24: Save the project;
Step 25: Project interface > All cells successfully complete.

Pre-processing: Analyse the pressure vessel shown in figure for Total deformation,
Equivalent stress, Radial stress, axial stress and Hoop stress.

(Material: Structural steel, Material behaviour: Flexible, Internal Pressure: 35MPa)

Reference: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxV2t_kEFMw

Processing:
a) Total Deformation:
Finite Element Analysis

b) Directional Deformation:

c) Radial Stress:
Finite Element Analysis

d) Axial Stress:

e) Hoop Stress:
Finite Element Analysis

Post Processing:
In this experiment we will analyse the pressure vessel which is an axisymmetric
element. The pressure vessel is made up of structural steel. We can reduce the size of
pressure vessel about its axis to its one fourth of the size. By reducing the size we can reduce
the number of equations which is to be solved. We have made the reduced model sketch in
Design Modeller and revolve it 90 degree. The pressure exerted on the wall of the vessel is 35
MPa. The results of that model are as follows:

a) Total Deformation:
 The first image of processing shows the total deformation in the pressure
vessel in the time of 1 sec.
 The maximum total deformation is 9.7121e-5 m.
 The minimum total deformation is 1.6617e-5 m.
 The maximum total deformation occurs at the centre of top part of the pressure
vessel while the minimum total deformation occurs at the inner part at the
bottom of the wall of the pressure vessel.
 The total deformation gradually decreases from centre of top part to inner
bottom wall of the pressure vessel.

b) Directional Deformation:
 The second image of processing shows the directional deformation in the
pressure vessel acted upon the x-axis in the time of 1 sec.
 The maximum directional deformation is 4.697e-5 m.
 The minimum directional deformation is -1.0116e-6 m.
 The maximum directional deformation occurs at the centre of inner part of
bottom wall of the pressure vessel while the minimum directional deformation
occurs at the inner part at the centre of the upper wall of the pressure vessel.
 The directional deformation gradually decreases from inner part of bottom
wall to inner part at the centre of the upper wall of the pressure vessel.

c) Radial Stress:
 The third image of the processing shows the radial stress in the pressure vessel
acted upon the x-axis in the time of 1 sec.
 The maximum radial stress is 1.8466e8 Pa.
 The minimum radial stress is -1.0116e8 Pa.
 The maximum radial stress is experienced at centre of upper part of the wall of
pressure vessel while the minimum radial stress is experienced at the centre of
inner part of the wall of pressure vessel.
Finite Element Analysis

 The radial stress is gradually decreases from outer part to inner part at the
centre of the upper wall of the pressure vessel.
 The pressure vessel's side walls experienced an average radial stress, which
was slightly higher in the inner part and lower in the outer part.

d) Axial Stress:
 The fourth image of the processing shows the axial stress in the pressure
vessel acted upon the y-axis in the time of 1 sec.
 The maximum axial stress is 1.5198e8 Pa.
 The minimum axial stress is -4.2064e7 Pa.
 The maximum axial stress is experienced at inner part of the joining of upper
and the side walls of the pressure vessel while the minimum axial stress is at
the centre of inner wall of the pressure vessel.
 There is a gradual decrease in axial stress from the joining of the inner wall to
both sides and overall axial stress is slightly higher in the inner part and lower
in the outer part of the pressure vessel.

e) Hoop Stress:
 The fifth image of the processing shows the hoop stress in the pressure vessel
acted upon the wall of the vessel in the time of 1 sec.
 The maximum hoop stress is 2.033e8 Pa.
 The minimum hoop stress is 5.3313e6 Pa.
 The maximum hoop stress is experienced at inner part of the joining of upper
and the side wall of the pressure vessel while the minimum hoop stress is at
the outer edge of joining of the walls of the pressure vessel.
 The overall hoop stress is gradually decreasing from inner part to the outer
part of the pressure vessel.