POWER GENERATION

USING SPEED BREAKER

 GROUP MEMBERS :-

G.VASU (20L65A0308)

G.CHANDAN (20L65A0309)

M.KAUSHIK (20L65A0320)

M.MOHAN (20L65A0345)

J.TARAN KUMAR (20L65A0314)
(20L65A0334)

S.HARISH KUMAR
Abstract
 This project harvests energy from speed breaker by making gear arrangement
and using electronics gadgets.
 Large amounts amount of electricity can be generated saving lot of money. And if
implemented will be very beneficial for Government.
 When vehicle is in motion it produces various forms of energy like, due to friction
between vehicle’s wheel and road i.e. rough surface HEAT Energy is produced,
also when vehicle traveling at high speed strikes the wind.
 The principle involved is POTENTIAL ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONVERSION.
 There is a system to generate power by converting the potential energy generated
by a vehicle going up on a speed breaker into kinetic energy.
 When the vehicle moves over the inclined plates, it gains height resulting in increase
in potential energy, which is wasted in a conventional rumble strip.
 When the breaker comes down, they crank a lever fitted to a ratchet-wheel type
mechanism (a angular motion converter) which in turn rotates a geared shaft loaded
with recoil springs.
 The output of this shaft is coupled to a dynamo to convert kinetic energy
into electricity
INTRODUCTION:
 An energy crisis is any great bottleneck (or price rise) in
the supply of energy resources to an economy.
 It usually refers to the shortage of oil and additionally to
electricity or other natural resources
 An energy crisis may be referred to as an oil crisis, petroleum
crisis, energy shortage, electricity shortage electricity crisis.
 While not entering a full crisis, political riots that occurred
during the 2007 Burmese antigovernment protests were
initially sparked by rising energy prices.
 Likewise the RussiaUkraine gas dispute and the Russia-
Belarus energy dispute have been mostly resolved before
entering a prolonged crisis stage.
 Market failure is possible when monopoly manipulation
of markets occurs.

BASIC PRINCIPLES:
• Simple energy conversion from mechanical to electrical.
• To generate electricity using the vehicle kinetic energy as input
we can develope electricity from speed breakers · they are using 3
different mechanisms:
I. Roller mechanism
II. Rack- Pinion mechanism
III. Crank-shaft mechanism
ROLLER MECHANISM:
 A roller blind mechanism for winding and unwinding a rollable
blind, the mechanism comprising a support element.
 A drive sprocket which is rotatably mounted on the support element
for transmitting rotational movement to a blind supporting member.
 A manually-movable elongate flexible drive element which includes
a plurality of interlinked tooth-engaging elements
 The drive sprocket including a plurality of flexible teeth engagable
with the tooth-engaging elements of the flexible drive element.
 A roller blind mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein a radial extent
of the teeth of the drive
 Rack and Pinion mechanism:
 Rack and pinion gears normally change rotary motion into linear motion,
but sometimes we use them to change linear motion into rotary motion.
 They transform a rotary movement (that of the pinion) into a linear
movement (that of the rack) or vice versa.
 We use them for sliding doors moved by an electric motor.
 The rack is attached to the door and the pinion is attached to the motor.
 The motor moves the pinion which moves the rack and the door moves.
 CRANKSHAFT MECHANISM:
 The crankshaft is a mechanism that transforms rotary movement into
linear movement, or vice versa.
 For example, the motion of the pistons in the engine of a car is linear
(they go up and down).
 But the motion of the wheels has to be rotary.
 So, engineers put a crankshaft between the engine and the
transmission to the wheels.
 The pistons of the engine move the crankshaft and the movement
becomes rotary.
 Then the rotary movement goes past the clutch and the gear box all
the way to the wheels.
ELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM OF
ROLLER MECHANISM:
 Before starting I have one question to you all who is really very
happy with the current situation of the electricity in India?
 I suppose no one . so this is my step to improve the situation of
electricity with a innovative and useful concept
 Generating Electricity from a Speed breaker First of all what is
electricity means to us? Electricity is the form of energy.
 It is the flow of electrical Power . Electricity is a basic part of
nature and it is one of our most widely used forms of energy.
 We get electricity, which is a secondary energy source, from the
conversion of other sources of energy, like coal, natural gas, oil,
nuclear power and other natural sources, which are called primary
sources.
 Many cities and towns were built alongside water falls that turned
water wheels to perform work.
 Before electricity generation began slightly over 100 years ago,
houses were lit with kerosene lamps, food was cooled in iceboxes,
and rooms were warmed by wood-burning or coal-burning stoves.
 Direct current (DC) electricity had been used in arc lights for outdoor
lighting.
 In the late-1800s, Nikola Tesla pioneered the generation,
transmission, and use of alternating current (AC) electricity, which
can be transmitted over much greater distances than direct current.
 Tesla's inventions used electricity to bring indoor lighting to our
homes and to power industrial machines.
 How is electricity generated?
 Electricity generation was first developed in the 1800's
using Faradays dynamo generator.
 Almost 200 years later we are still using the same basic principles to
generate electricity, only on a much larger scale.
 The rotor(rotating shaft) is directly connected to the prime mover
and rotates as the prime mover turns.
 The rotor contains a magnet that, when turned, produces a moving or
rotating magnetic field.
 The rotor is surrounded by a stationary casing called the stator, which
contains the wound copper coils or windings.
 When the moving magnetic field passes by these windings, electricity
is produced in them.
 By controlling the speed at which the rotor is turned, a steady flow of
electricity is produced in the windings.
 These windings are connected to the electricity network via
transmission lines.

ELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM OF RACK

 AND PINION MECHANISM:(POWER HUMP):
 In the present scenario power becomes major need for
human life.
 Due to day-to-day increase in population and lessen of the
conventional sources.
 It becomes necessary that we must depend on non
conventional sources for power generation.
 While moving, the vehicles posses some kinetic energy and it
is being wasted.
 This kinetic energy can be utilized to produce power by
using a special arrangement called “POWER HUMP”.

KEY WORDS:
Non-Conventional Sources

Kinetic Energy

Electro-Mechanical Unit

Speed Breaker

Magnetic Field
 INTRODUCTION:
 In the present scenario power becomes the major need
 for human life .
 The availability and its percapita consumptions is regarded as the
index of national standard of living in the present day civilization.
 Energy is an important input in all the sectors of any countries
economy.
 Energy crisis is due to two reasons, firstly the population of the
world has been increased rapidly and secondly standard of living of
human beings has increased.
 India is the country, which majorly suffers with lack of
sufficient power generation.
 The capital energy consumption of U.S.A. is about 8000 K.W.H.,
where as per INDIA is only 150 K.W.H. U.S.A. with 7% of world
population consumes 32% of total power generation
 Where as INDIA as developing country with 20% of world
population consumes only 1% of total energy consumed in the world
 WORKING PRINCIPLE:
While moving, the vehicles possess some kinetic energy and it
is being wasted.
This kinetic energy can be utilized to produce power by using
a special arrangement called POWER HUMP.
 It is an Electro-Mechanical unit.
 It utilizes both mechanical technologies and electrical
techniques for the power generation and its storage.
POWER HUMP is a dome like device likely to be speed
breaker.
Whenever the vehicle is allowed to pass over the dome it
gets pressed downwards then the springs are attached to the
dome are compressed
The rack which is attached to the bottom of the dome moves
downward in reciprocating motion.
Since the rack has teeth connected to gears, there exists
conversion of reciprocating motion of rack into rotary motion
of gears but the two gears rotate in opposite direction.
A flywheel is mounted on the shaft whose function is to
regulate the fluctuation in the energy and to make the energy
uniform.
So that the shafts will rotate with certain R.P.M. these shafts
are connected through a belt drive to the dynamos,
Which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy.
The conversion will be proportional to traffic density.
Whenever an armature rotates between the magnetic fields
of south and north poles, an E.M.F is induced in it.
So, for inducing the E.M.F armature coil has to rotate, for
rotating this armature it is connected to a long shaft.
By rotating same e.m.f, is induced, for this rotation kinetic
energy of moving vehicles is utilized.
The power is generated in both the directions; to convert this
power into one way a special component is used called zenor
diode for continuous supply.
All this mechanism can be housed under the dome, like speed
breaker, which is called HUMP.
The electrical output can be improved by arranging these
POWER HUMPS in series.
This generated power can be amplified and stored by using
different electrical devices
 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS:
The various machine elements used in the construction of
power hump are
• RACK
• SPUR GEAR
• FLY WHEEL
• BEARINGS
• SHAFT
• SPRINGS
• ELECTRIC DYNAMO
S.NO NAME OF THE
MATERIAL USED QUANTITY
COMPONENT

RACK MILD STEEL 1

SPUR GEAR CAST IRON 2
FLY WHEEL CAST IRON 2
SHAFT MILD STEEL 2
SPRINGS CHROMEVANADIUM 4
ALLOY STEEL
BEARINGS HIGH CARBON 4
CHROMIUM STEEL

ELECTRIC DYNAMO ____ 2

RACK:
 Its primary function is to convert translatory motion
into rotary motion.
 It must have higher strength, rigidity and resistance to shock
load and less wear and tear.

SPUR GEAR:
 It is a positive power
transmission device with
definite velocity ratio.
 In volute teeth profile is
preferred for adjusting
some linear misalignment.
 It should have high wear
and tear, shock-absorbing
capacity
 FLY WHEEL:
 The primary function of flywheel is to act as an
energy accumulator.
 It reduces the fluctuations in speed.
 It absorbs the energy when demand is less and release the
same when it is required.
 SHAFTS:
 It is a rotating element, which is used to transmit power
from one place to another place.
 It supports the rotating elements like gears and flywheels.
 It must have high torsional rigidity and lateral rigidity.

SPRINGS:
 It is defined as an elastic body whose function is to distort
when loaded.
 To recover its original shape when the load is removed.
 It cushions, absorbs or controls energy either due to shocks or
due to vibrations.
 BEARINGS:
 It is a machine element, which supports another machinery.
 It permits relative motion between the contacting surfaces
while carrying the loads.
 They reduce the friction and transmit the motion effectively.

ELECTRIC DYNAMO:
 It is a device, which converts mechanical energy into
electrical energy.
 It works based on “faraday’s laws of electromagnetic
induction”.
 FIRST LAW:
 Whenever a conductor cuts across magnetic lines of flux
an e.m.f is induced in it.
SECOND LAW:
 The magnitude of induced e.m.f is equals to the rate of
change of flux.

Advantages:
 • Low budget electricity production
• Less floor area
• No obstruction to traffic
• Easy maintenance
• Suitable at parking of multiplexes, malls, toll
booths, signals, etc.
• Uses: Charging batteries and using them to light up the
streets, etc

Disadvantages:
• Selecting suitable generator.
• Selection of springs.
• Achieving proper balance of speed and torque.
• It gives low electric output

Conclusion:
 As day by day power consumption increases but electric crisis occur.
 So the minor needs of electricity such as street lights and traffic
sigals can be generated from speed breakers.
 Instead of wasting kinetic energy of vehicles at speed breakers
the minor needs can be met bt converting kinetic energy to
electrical energy