Article 11. 어제 늦게 자서 좀 피곤합니다.

I went to bed late last night so I am a little tired.

How would Daniel and Fei ask and answer questions about past events if they have a formal relationship? Applying a
formal style to the situation we have seen in the eleventh lesson would result as in the following:

DIALOGUE

페이 : 다니엘 씨, 오늘 많이 피곤하십니까?
Fei Are you tired today Mr. Daniel?

다니엘 : 네, 어제 늦게 자서 좀 피곤합니다.
Daniel Yes, I went to bed late last night so I am a little tired.

페이 : 왜요? 어젯밤에 무슨 일 있었습니까?/있으셨습니까?

Fei Oh, why? What happened last night?

다니엘 : 고향에서 친구가 와서 동대문 시장에서 쇼핑했습니다.

Daniel My friend from hometown came and we went shopping to Dongdaemun market.

GRAMMAR POINTS

1. 오늘 많이 피곤하십니까?
Are you tired today?

Applying a formal style to ‘피곤해요?’ would be ‘피곤합니까?’. 있- -시/으시- -았/었/였-/-겠- -습니까?

However, in a situation where politeness is required, ‘-(으)시-’ 있으셨

is attached to a stem of a word. As ‘시’ in ‘-(으)시-’ ends with a 습니까?

formal style tense prefinal final
vowel, the ending ‘-ㅂ니까? is used. stem
prefinal ending ending ending

Q : 많이 피곤하십니까?
Are you very tired?
아버지께서 어젯밤에 출발하셨습니다.
A : 네, 많이 피곤합니다. My father left last night.
Yes, I am very tired.
선생님께서 책을 읽으셨습니다.
Teacher read a book.

무엇을 드시겠습니까?
2. 어젯밤에 무슨 일 있었습니까?/있으셨습니까? What would like to eat?
What happened last night?
저희와 함께 음악을 들으시겠습니까?
Would you like to listen music with us?
Like ‘피곤합니까?’ and ‘피곤하십니까?’, both ‘있었습니까?’
and ‘있으셨습니까?’ can be used for ‘있었어요?’ in a formal
situation.
There is an order of using a prefinal ending that comes before a
final ending. ‘-(으)시-’ that which used in making a sentence in
honorific form is attached before ‘-았-/-었-’ which makes the
sentence in past tense form. When the past tense prefinal
ending of ‘-었-’ is attached to ‘-(으)시-’, it becomes ‘셨’.