Pure Gas Leak

Defination Value Unit

Gas Molecular Structure C2H6 --
Density of Gas 3 Kg/m3
Gas Discharge Coefficient, CD 1.25E-05 m2/s
Molecular weight of Gas, Mw 16.04 g/mole
Moleculat weight of air, Mw,air 28.96 g/mole
Universal Gas Constant, R 8.314 Jmol-1k-1
Gas Specific gravity, S 1.21 --
Gas specific Heat Ratio, k 0.55 --
Pressure inside the tank/pipe 60 kPa
Temperature inside the tank 343 k
pressure at point 3 101.325 kPa
Speed of sound 331 m/s

The units shown for the variables are SI (International System of Units); however, the equations above are va
A = Hole (or crack) area, m2.
c = Speed of sound in gas, m/s.
C = Gas discharge coefficient (0<C≤1; see section above).
d = Hole diameter, m.
k = Gas specific heat ratio. Specific heat at constant pressure divided by specific heat at constant volume, Cp/
M = Mach number.
Mw = Molecular weight of gas, kg/mole.
Mw,a = Molecular weight of standard air = 0.02896443 kg/mole (CRC, p. F-164).
P = Absolute pressure, N/m2 absolute.
Qs = Flow rate at standard conditions, Normal m3/s.
R = Universal gas constant, 8.3144126 N-m/mole-K (CRC, p. F-208).
S = Specific gravity of gas, relative to air (Sa=1).
T = Absolute temperature of gas, Kelvin.
V = Velocity of gas, m/s.
W = Mass flow rate of gas, kg/s.
π = 3.14159....
ρ = Gas density, kg/m3.

(𝑃_2/𝑃_1 )𝑐
Gas critical Pressure
equations above are valid for any consistent set of units. Our calculation allows a variety of units; all unit conversions are accomplis

t constant volume, Cp/Cv. Default values at 15oC or 20oC from Munson et al. (1998). k actually varies with gas temperature and can
 Gas critical pressure ratio 

onversions are accomplished internally.

h gas temperature and can range from, using methane as an example, 1.32 at 50oF to 1.28 at 250oF (GPSA, p. 13-6).
Hole Diameter (m) Area of the hole (m2)
2.50E-02 4.91E-04
2.60E-02 5.31E-04
Critical pressure ratio P3 / P1 subsonic sonic P2
0.73 1.69 YES NO 101.325
0.73 1.69 YES NO 101.325
 W QS
6.96E-08 2.32E-08
7.53E-08 2.51E-08