610 Chapter 12 DefleCtion of Beams anD shafts

P R e lIMIN aRY PROB l eM S

P12–1. In each case, determine the internal bending 8 kNm
moment as a function of x, and state the necessary boundary
and/or continuity conditions used to determine the elastic
curve for the beam. x1
2m
x2
4m
(d)

8 kN

x
4m
(a)
2 kN/m 4 kN

x1
2m
x2
10 kNm
4m
(e)

x
2m
(b)

3 kN/m

2 kN/ m
12
x1
2m
x2
x
4m 4m
(c) (f)

Prob. P12–1
 12.2 slope anD DisplaCement By integration 611

FUN DaMeN Ta l PR O B l eM S

F12–1. Determine the slope and deflection of end A of the F12–4. Determine the maximum deflection of the simply
cantilevered beam. E = 200 GPa and I = 65.0(106) mm4. supported beam. The beam is made of wood having a
modulus of elasticity of Ew = 10 GPa and a rectangular
cross section of b = 60 mm and h = 125 mm.

30 kNm

A 2000 N/m

3m
A
B
Prob. F12–1
3m

Prob. F12–4
F12–2. Determine the slope and deflection of end A of the
cantilevered beam. E = 200 GPa and I = 65.0(106) mm4.
F12–5. Determine the maximum deflection of the simply
supported beam. E = 200 GPa and I = 39.9(10-6) m4.

10 kN

40 kNm 10 kNm

A
A B
10 kNm
3m
6m
Prob. F12–2
Prob. F12–5

F12–3. Determine the slope of end A of the cantilevered F12–6. Determine the slope of the simply supported beam
beam. E = 200 GPa and I = 65.0(106) mm4. at A. E = 200 GPa and I = 39.9(10-6) m4.

20 kN
10 kN
3 kN/m 10 kNm 10 kNm 12

A
B
A

3m 3m 3m

Prob. F12–3 Prob. F12–6

 612 Chapter 12 DefleCtion of Beams anD shafts

P ROBleMS

12–1. An A-36 steel strap having a thickness of 10 mm and a
width of 20mm is bent into a circular arc of radius r = 10 m.
Determine the maximum bending stress in the strap.
12–2. When the diver stands at end C of the diving board, it
deflects downward 87.5 mm. Determine the mass of the diver.
The board is made of material having a modulus of elasticity
of E = 10 GPa.
*12–4. Determine the equation of the elastic curve for the
beam using the x coordinate that is valid for 0 … x 6 L>2.
Specify the slope at A and the beam’s maximum deflection.
EI is constant.
P

A B

x
L L
2 2

B Prob. 12–4
A
87.5 mm 50 mm
C
0.9 m 2.7 m 450 mm
12–5. Determine the deflection of end C of the
100-mm-diameter solid circular shaft. Take E = 200 GPa.

Prob. 12–2
A C
12–3. A picture is taken of a man performing a pole vault, and B
the minimum radius of curvature of the pole is estimated by
x1
measurement to be 4.5 m. If the pole is 40 mm in diameter and
it is made of a glass-reinforced plastic for which Eg = 131 GPa, x2
determine the maximum bending stress in the pole. 2m 1m

6 kN

Prob. 12–5

12–6. Determine the elastic curve for the cantilevered

beam, which is subjected to the couple moment M0. Also
calculate the maximum slope and maximum deflection of
the beam. EI is constant.

12
r  4.5 m
B
A M0
x
L

Prob. 12–3 Prob. 12–6

 12.2 slope anD DisplaCement By integration 613

12–7. The A-36 steel beam has a depth of 250 mm and is
subjected to a constant moment M0, which causes the stress
at the outer fibers to become sY = 250 MPa. Determine the
radius of curvature of the beam and the beam’s maximum
slope and deflection.
12–10. Determine the equations of the elastic curve using
the coordinates x1 and x2. What is the slope at C and
displacement at B? EI is constant.
12–11. Determine the equations of the elastic curve using
the coordinates x1 and x3. What is the slope at B and
deflection at C? EI is constant.

B
w
A M0
C
A B
L

Prob. 12–7 a a

x1 x2
x3

Probs. 12–10/11
*12–8. Determine the equations of the elastic curve using
the coordinates x1 and x2. EI is constant.

*12–12. Draw the bending-moment diagram for the shaft

and then, from this diagram, sketch the deflection or elastic
A C curve for the shaft’s centerline. Determine the equations of
B
the elastic curve using the coordinates x1 and x2. EI is
constant.
x1 x2
P
a b
5 kN
Prob. 12–8 A B
60 mm

C
x1 x2
150 mm 400 mm
12–9. Determine the equations of the elastic curve for the
beam using the x1 and x2 coordinates. EI is constant. Prob. 12–12

12–13. Determine the maximum deflection of the beam

P
and the slope at A. EI is constant.

12
M0 M0
x1
x2 A B
L L
2 2 a a a

Prob. 12–9 Prob. 12–13

 614 Chapter 12 DefleCtion of Beams anD shafts

12–14. The simply supported shaft has a moment of inertia
of 2I for region BC and a moment of inertia I for regions AB
and CD. Determine the maximum deflection of the shaft due
to the load P.
*12–16. The fence board weaves between the three
smooth fixed posts. If the posts remain along the same line,
determine the maximum bending stress in the board. The
board has a width of 150 mm and a thickness of 12 mm.
E = 12 GPa. Assume the displacement of each end of the
board relative to its center is 75 mm.

1.2 m 1.2 m

75 mm
A B C
P
Prob. 12–16
A B C D
12–17. Determine the equations of the elastic curve for
the beam using the x1 and x2 coordinates. Specify the beam’s
L
– L
– L
– L
– maximum deflection. EI is constant.
4 4 4 4

Prob. 12–14
P

x1 B x2
L
L
2

12–15. The beam is subjected to the linearly varying
distributed load. Determine the maximum deflection of the
beam. EI is constant.
Prob. 12–17
12–18. The bar is supported by a roller constraint at B,
which allows vertical displacement but resists axial load and
moment. If the bar is subjected to the loading shown,
determine the slope at A and the deflection at C. EI is
constant.

12–19. Determine the deflection at B of the bar in

Prob. 12–18.

w0
P
12
C
A A B
B

x
L
— L
—
L
2 2

Prob. 12–15 Probs. 12–18/19

 12.2 slope anD DisplaCement By integration 615

*12–20. Determine the equations of the elastic curve using 12–23. Determine the equations of the elastic curve using
the x1 and x2 coordinates, and specify the slope at A and the the coordinates x1 and x2. What is the deflection and slope
deflection at C. EI is constant. at C? EI is constant.

40 kN
A B C

C M0
A B

x1 x2
30 kN m
x1 x2 L L

6m 3m Prob. 12–23
Prob. 12–20

*12–24. Determine the equations of the elastic curve

12–21. Determine the maximum deflection of the solid using the coordinates x1 and x2. What is the slope at A? EI is
circular shaft. The shaft is made of steel having E = 200 GPa. constant.
It has a diameter of 100 mm.

A B C

N1 M0

N1P N1P
$ & % x1 x2

L L

x Prob. 12–24
P P

Prob. 12–21

12–25. Determine the elastic curve in terms of the x1 and

x2 coordinates and the deflection of end C of the overhang
12–22. Determine the elastic curve for the cantilevered beam. EI is constant.
W360 * 45 beam using the x coordinate. Specify the
maximum slope and maximum deflection. E = 200 GPa.
w

50 kN/m
A C 12
B
x1
A x2
x B
L L
2.7 m 2

Prob. 12–22 Prob. 12–25

 616 Chapter 12 DefleCtion of Beams anD shafts

12–26. Determine the slope at end B and the maximum *12–28. Determine the slope at end B and the maximum
deflection of the cantilevered triangular plate of constant deflection of the cantilever triangular plate of constant
thickness t. The plate is made of material having a modulus thickness t. The plate is made of material having a modulus
of elasticity E. of elasticity of E.

b
2 b
b
2 2
b
2
L
L
A A
w

t t P

x x
B B

Prob. 12–26 Prob. 12–28

12–27. The beam is made of a material having a specific
weight g. Determine the displacement and slope at its end
A due to its weight. The modulus of elasticity for the
material is E.
12–29. Determine the equation of the elastic curve using
the coordinates x1 and x2. What is the slope and deflection
at B? EI is constant.
12–30. Determine the equations of the elastic curve using
the coordinates x1 and x3. What is the slope and deflection
at point B? EI is constant.

b w

C
12 A
t
x1 B
A a
L x2 x3
L

Prob. 12–27 Probs. 12–29/30

 12.5 methoD of superposition 649

P R OBleMS

12–83. The W310 * 67 simply supported beam is made of 12–87. The simply supported beam is made of A-36 steel
A-36 steel and is subjected to the loading shown. Determine and is subjected to the loading shown. Determine the
the deflection at its center C. deflection at its center C. I = 0.1457(10 - 3) m4.

20 kN
60 kN 4 kN/m

75 kN m
A
C B
A B
5m 5m
C
4m 4m Prob. 12–87

Prob. 12–83 *12–88. Determine the slope at B and the deflection at

point C of the simply supported beam E = 200 GPa and
I = 45.5(106) mm4.
*12–84. The W250 * 22 cantilevered beam is made of A-36
steel and is subjected to the loading shown. Determine the 9 kN/m
10 kN
displacement at B and the slope at A.

30 kN 20 kN A
B
C

3m 3m

B A
2m 2m
Prob. 12–84
12–85. Determine the slope and deflection at end C of the
overhang beam. EI is constant.
12–86. Determine the slope at A and the deflection at point
D of the overhang beam. EI is constant.
Prob. 12–88
12–89. Determine the vertical deflection and slope at the
end A of the bracket. Assume that the bracket is fixed
supported at its base, and neglect the axial deformation of
segment AB. EI is constant.
4 kN/m
B 400 N

100 mm A

w 12
75 mm

A C C
D B
a a a

Probs. 12–85/86 Prob. 12–89

 650 Chapter 12 DefleCtion of Beams anD shafts

12–90. The simply supported beam carries a uniform load
of 30 kN/m. Code restrictions, due to a plaster ceiling,
require the maximum deflection not to exceed 1/360 of the
span length. Select the lightest-weight A-36 steel wide-flange
beam from Appendix B that will satisfy this requirement
and safely support the load. The allowable bending stress is
sallow = 168 MPa and the allowable shear stress is
tallow = 100 MPa. Assume A is a pin and B a roller support.
12–93. The rod is pinned at its end A and attached to a
torsional spring having a stiffness k, which measures the
torque per radian of rotation of the spring. If a force P is
always applied perpendicular to the end of the rod,
determine the displacement of the force. EI is constant.

40 kN 40 kN
30 kN/m

A B k

1.2 m 2.4 m 1.2 m

A

Prob. 12–90 L
12–91. Determine the vertical deflection at the end A of
Prob. 12–93
the bracket. Assume that the bracket is fixed supported at its
base B and neglect axial deflection. EI is constant.

P
a
A

12–94. Determine the deflection at end E of beam CDE.

The beams are made of wood having a modulus of elasticity
b
of E = 10 GPa.

Prob. 12–91

*12–92. Determine the slope at A and the deflection at

point C of the simply supported beam. The modulus of 2m
1.5 m
elasticity of the wood is E = 10 GPa. C
A 1.5 m
3 kN 3 kN 1m
75 mm
D
a a
100 mm 150 mm

a Section a – a
12 A C B 200 mm E a B

3 kN

1.5 m 1.5 m 3m

Prob. 12–92 Prob. 12–94

 12.5 methoD of superposition 651

12–95. The pipe assembly consists of three equal-sized
pipes with flexibility stiffness EI and torsional stiffness GJ.
Determine the vertical deflection at A.
12–97. The relay switch consists of a thin metal strip or
armature AB that is made of red brass C83400 and is
attracted to the solenoid S by a magnetic field. Determine
the smallest force F required to attract the armature at C in
order that contact is made at the free end B. Also, what
should the distance a be for this to occur? The armature is
fixed at A and has a moment of inertia of I = 0.18(10-12) m4.

C L
–
2
B
L
–
P 2 2 mm
50 mm
L
– a
A 2 B

C
Prob. 12–95
S
50 mm

Prob. 12–97
*12–96. The framework consists of two A-36 steel
cantilevered beams CD and BA and a simply supported
beam CB. If each beam is made of steel and has a moment of
inertia about its principal axis of Ix = 46(106) mm4 determine
the deflection at the center G of beam CB.
12–98. Determine the moment M0 in terms of the load P
and dimension a so that the deflection at the center of the
shaft is zero. EI is constant.

A
75 kN
P
B
D
12
C 2.4 m M0 M0
G
4.8 m 2.4 m
a a
a a
2 2

Prob. 12–96 Prob. 12–98

 696 Chapter 13 BuCkling of Columns

F un DamEn tal pRo B l Em S

F13–1. A 1.25-m-long rod is made from a 25-mm-diameter
steel rod. Determine the critical buckling load if the ends are
13 fixed supported. E = 200 GPa, sY = 250 MPa.
F13–2. A 3.6-m wooden rectangular column has the
dimensions shown. Determine the critical load if the ends
are assumed to be pin-connected. E = 12 GPa. Yielding
does not occur.
F13–4. A steel pipe is fixed supported at its ends. If it is
5 m long and has an outer diameter of 50 mm and a thickness
of 10 mm, determine the maximum axial load P that it can
carry without buckling. Est = 200 GPa, sY = 250 MPa.
F13–5. Determine the maximum force P that can be
supported by the assembly without causing member AC to
buckle. The member is made of A-36 steel and has a
diameter of 50 mm. Take F.S. = 2 against buckling.

100 mm
3.6 m
0.9 m

50 mm

C
A

Prob. F13–2
F13–3. The A992 steel column can be considered pinned
at its top and bottom and braced against its weak axis at the
mid-height. Determine the maximum allowable force P that
the column can support without buckling. Apply a F.S. = 2
against buckling. Take A = 7.4(10-3) m2, Ix = 87.3(10-6) m4,
and Iy = 18.8(10-6) m4.
P
1.2 m
P
Prob. F13–5
F13–6. The A992 steel rod BC has a diameter of 50 mm
and is used as a strut to support the beam. Determine the
maximum intensity w of the uniform distributed load that
can be applied to the beam without causing the strut to
buckle. Take F.S. = 2 against buckling.

y x

6m B A

6m
3m

6m
C

Prob. F13–3 Prob. F13–6

 13.3 Columns having various types of supports 697

p R oBlEmS
13–1. Determine the critical buckling load for the column.
The material can be assumed rigid.
13–3. The leg in (a) acts as a column and can be modeled
(b) by the two pin-connected members that are attached to a
torsional spring having a stiffness k (torque>rad). Determine 13
the critical buckling load. Assume the bone material is rigid.
P

P
k

L L
—
2
2
k
k
L
2
L
—
2
A

Prob. 13–1

(a) (b)

Prob. 13–3

13–2. The column consists of a rigid member that is pinned

*13–4. Rigid bars AB and BC are pin connected at B. If the
at its bottom and attached to a spring at its top. If the spring
spring at D has a stiffness k, determine the critical load
is unstretched when the column is in the vertical position,
Pcr that can be applied to the bars.
determine the critical load that can be placed on the column.
P

A
P
a
k
B
B

a
k
L
D
a

A C

Prob. 13–2 Prob. 13–4

 698 Chapter 13 BuCkling of Columns

13–5. A 2014-T6 aluminum alloy column has a length of 13–9. A steel column has a length of 9 m and is fixed at both
6 m and is fixed at one end and pinned at the other. If the ends. If the cross-sectional area has the dimensions shown,
cross-sectional area has the dimensions shown, determine determine the critical load. Est = 200 GPa, sY = 250 MPa.
the critical load. sY = 250 MPa.

13–6. Solve Prob. 13–5 if the column is pinned at its top

200 mm
13 and bottom. 10 mm

10 mm 150 mm

300 mm 10 mm
10 mm

10 mm Prob. 13–9
200 mm

10 mm 13–10. A steel column has a length of 9 m and is pinned at

its top and bottom. If the cross-sectional area has the
Probs. 13–5/6 dimensions shown, determine the critical load. Est = 200 GPa,
sY = 250 MPa.

200 mm
10 mm
13–7. The W360 * 57 column is made of A-36 steel and is
fixed supported at its base. If it is subjected to an axial load of 10 mm 150 mm
P = 75 kN, determine the factor of safety with respect to
buckling.
10 mm
*13–8. The W360 * 57 column is made of A-36 steel.
Determine the critical load if its bottom end is fixed
supported and its top is free to move about the strong axis Prob. 13–10
and is pinned about the weak axis.

13–11. The A-36 steel angle has a cross-sectional area of

A = 1550 mm2 and a radius of gyration about the x axis of
rx = 31.5 mm and about the y axis of ry = 21.975 mm. The
smallest radius of gyration occurs about the z axis and is
P
rz = 16.1 mm. If the angle is to be used as a pin-connected
3-m-long column, determine the largest axial load that can be
applied through its centroid C without causing it to buckle.

y
6m
z
C
x x

z
y

Probs. 13–7/8 Prob. 13–11

 13.3 Columns having various types of supports 699

*13–12. The deck is supported by the two 40-mm-square
columns. Column AB is pinned at A and fixed at B, whereas
CD is pinned at C and D. If the deck is prevented from
sidesway, determine the greatest weight of the load that can
be applied without causing the deck to collapse. The center
of gravity of the load is located at d = 2 m. Both columns are
made from Douglas Fir.
13–15. Determine the maximum load P the frame can
support without buckling member AB. Assume that AB is
made of steel and is pinned at its ends for y–y axis buckling
and fixed at its ends for x–x axis buckling. Est = 200 GPa,
sY = 360 MPa.
13

13–13. The deck is supported by the two 40-mm-square 3m A

columns. Column AB is pinned at A and fixed at B, whereas CD P
is pinned at C and D. If the deck is prevented from sidesway, y
determine the position d of the center of gravity of the load and 50 mm
the load’s greatest magnitude without causing the deck to x x
4m 50 mm
collapse. Both columns are made from Douglas Fir. 50 mm
y
6m

d C

G B

C A Prob. 13–15

4m 4m
5m *13–16. The two steel channels are to be laced together
to form a 9-m-long bridge column assumed to be pin
D B connected at its ends. Each channel has a cross-sectional
area of A = 1950 mm2 and moments of inertia
Ix = 21.60(106) mm4, Iy = 0.15(106) mm4. The centroid C
of its area is located in the figure. Determine the proper
Probs. 13–12/13 distance d between the centroids of the channels so that
buckling occurs about the x–x and y′ - y′ axes due to the
same load. What is the value of this critical load? Neglect the
13–14. Determine the maximum force P that can be applied effect of the lacing. Est = 200 GPa, sY = 350 MPa.
to the handle so that the A-36 steel control rod BC does not
buckle. The rod has a diameter of 25 mm.
y y¿

6.5 mm 30 mm
P

350 mm
x x
A C C
B C
250 mm
d
45
800 mm y y¿

Prob. 13–14 Prob. 13–16

 700 Chapter 13 BuCkling of Columns

13–17. The W250 * 67 is made of A992 steel and is used
as a column that has a length of 4.55 m. If its ends are
assumed pin supported, and it is subjected to an axial load
of 500 kN, determine the factor of safety with respect to
buckling.
13 13–18. The W250 * 67 is made of A992 steel and is used
as a column that has a length of 4.55 m. If the ends of the
column are fixed supported, can the column support the
critical load without yielding?
13–21. The 3-m wooden rectangular column has the
dimensions shown. Determine the critical load if the ends
are assumed to be pin connected. Ew = 12 GPa,
sY = 35 MPa.
13–22. The 3-m column has the dimensions shown.
Determine the critical load if the bottom is fixed and the
top is pinned. Ew = 12 GPa, sY = 35 MPa.

3m
100 mm

4.55 m 50 mm

Probs. 13–21/22

13–23. If load C has a mass of 500 kg, determine the

P
required minimum diameter of the solid L2-steel rod AB to
the nearest mm so that it will not buckle. Use F.S. = 2
Probs. 13–17/18
against buckling.

*13–24. If the diameter of the solid L2-steel rod AB is

13–19. The 50-mm-diameter C86100 bronze rod is fixed
supported at A and has a gap of 2 mm from the wall at B.
Determine the increase in temperature ΔT that will cause
the rod to buckle. Assume that the contact at B acts as a pin.
50 mm, determine the maximum mass C that the rod can
support without buckling. Use F.S. = 2 against buckling.
A

A B
45°
1m
2 mm D 4m
Prob. 13–19

60° C
*13–20. An A992 steel W200 * 46 column of length 9 m
B
is fixed at one end and free at its other end. Determine
the allowable axial load the column can support if F.S. = 2
against buckling. Probs. 13–23/24
 13.3 Columns having various types of supports 701

13–25. The members of the truss are assumed to be pin
connected. If member GF is an A-36 steel rod having a
diameter of 50 mm, determine the greatest magnitude of
load P that can be supported by the truss without causing
this member to buckle.
13–26. The members of the truss are assumed to be pin
connected. If member AG is an A-36 steel rod having a
diameter of 50 mm, determine the greatest magnitude of
load P that can be supported by the truss without causing
this member to buckle.
H G F E
3m
13–29. A 6061-T6 aluminum alloy solid circular rod of length
4 m is pinned at both of its ends. If it is subjected to an axial
load of 15 kN and F.S. = 2 against buckling, determine the
minimum required diameter of the rod to the nearest mm.
13–30. A 6061-T6 aluminum alloy solid circular rod of
length 4 m is pinned at one end while fixed at the other end. 13
If it is subjected to an axial load of 15 kN and F.S. = 2 against
buckling, determine the minimum required diameter of the
rod to the nearest mm.
13–31. The A-36 steel bar AB has a square cross section. If
it is pin connected at its ends, determine the maximum
allowable load P that can be applied to the frame. Use a
factor of safety with respect to buckling of 2.
C

A D
B C
4m 4m 4m

P P
Probs. 13–25/26 40 mm 30
A B
13–27. Determine the maximum allowable intensity w of 40 mm
the distributed load that can be applied to member BC
without causing member AB to buckle. Assume that AB 3m 40 mm
is made of steel and is pinned at its ends for x–x axis P
buckling and fixed at its ends for y–y axis buckling. Use Prob. 13–31
a factor of safety with respect to buckling of 3.
Est = 200 GPa, sY = 360 MPa. *13–32. Determine the maximum allowable load P that
can be applied to member BC without causing member AB
*13–28. Determine if the frame can support a load of to buckle. Assume that AB is made of steel and is pinned at
w = 6 kN>m if the factor of safety with respect to buckling its ends for x–x axis buckling and fixed at its ends for y–y
of member AB is 3. Assume that AB is made of steel and is axis buckling. Use a factor of safety with respect to buckling
pinned at its ends for x–x axis buckling and fixed at its ends of F.S. = 3. Est = 200 GPa, sY = 360 MPa.
for y–y axis buckling. Est = 200 GPa, sY = 360 MPa.
P
w
1m 1m

C B
C B
1.5 m
0.5 m
2m
30 mm
2m
30 mm
x A
20 mm x
y y 20 mm
y y
A
30 mm 30 mm
x x
Probs. 13–27/28 Prob. 13–32
 702 Chapter 13 BuCkling of Columns

13–33. Determine if the frame can support a load of
P = 20 kN if the factor of safety with respect to buckling of
member AB is F.S. = 3. Assume that AB is made of steel and
is pinned at its ends for x–x axis buckling and fixed at its
ends for y–y axis buckling. Est = 200 GPa, sY = 360 MPa.
13
13–35. The W360 * 45 is used as a structural A-36 steel
column that can be assumed pinned at both of its ends.
Determine the largest axial force P that can be applied
without causing it to buckle.
P

P
1m 1m

C B
7.5 m

2m
30 mm

x
20 mm Prob. 13–35
y y

x 30 mm *13–36. The beam supports the load of P = 30 kN. As a

Prob. 13–33
13–34. The steel bar AB has a rectangular cross section. If
it is pin connected at its ends, determine the maximum
allowable intensity w of the distributed load that can be
applied to BC without causing AB to buckle. Use a factor of
safety with respect to buckling of 1.5. Est = 200 GPa, sY =
360 MPa.
result, the A-36 steel member BC is subjected to a
compressive load. Due to the forked ends on the member,
consider the supports at B and C to act as pins for x–x axis
buckling and as fixed supports for y–y axis buckling.
Determine the factor of safety with respect to buckling
about each of these axes.
13–37. Determine the greatest load P the frame will
support without causing the A-36 steel member BC to
buckle. Due to the forked ends on the member, consider the
supports at B and C to act as pins for x–x axis buckling and
as fixed supports for y–y axis buckling.

P
1.2 m 1.2 m
w

B
C A B
y
5m 0.9 m
75 mm

3m y
30 mm C x 25 mm
20 mm
x x
A
20 mm y
y x

Prob. 13–34 Probs. 13–36/37

 13.3 Columns having various types of supports 703

13–38. The members of the truss are assumed to be pin
connected. If member AB is an A-36 steel rod of 40 mm
diameter, determine the maximum force P that can be
supported by the truss without causing the member to buckle.
13–39. The members of the truss are assumed to be pin
connected. If member CB is an A-36 steel rod of 40 mm
diameter, determine the maximum load P that can be
supported by the truss without causing the member to buckle.
13–42. The ideal column is subjected to the force F at its
midpoint and the axial load P. Determine the maximum
moment in the column at midspan. EI is constant.
Hint: Establish the differential equation for deflection, Eq. 13–1.
The general solution is v = C1 sin kx + C2 cos kx - c 2x>k 2,
where c 2 = F>2EI, k 2 = P>EI.
13
F

P
E C 2m
L L
D
2 2
1.5 m
Prob. 13–42
B
A 13–43. The column with constant EI has the end constraints
2m shown. Determine the critical load for the column.
P

Probs. 13–38/39 P

*13–40. The steel bar AB of the frame is assumed to be

pin connected at its ends for y–y axis buckling. If P = 18 kN,
determine the factor of safety with respect to buckling
L
about the y–y axis. Est = 200 GPa, sY = 360 MPa.

3m A
P
y
50 mm
x x
4m 50 mm 50 mm
y
6m Prob. 13–43

C
*13–44. Consider an ideal column as in Fig. 13–10c, having
B both ends fixed. Show that the critical load on the column is
Pcr = 4p2EI>L2. Hint: Due to the vertical deflection of the
Prob. 13–40 top of the column, a constant moment M′ will be developed
at the supports. Show that d 2v>dx2 + (P>EI)v = M′>EI.
13–41. The ideal column has a weight w (force>length) and
The solution is of the form v = C1 sin( 1P>EIx) +
is subjected to the axial load P. Determine the maximum
C2 cos( 1P>EIx) + M′>P.
moment in the column at midspan. EI is constant. Hint:
Establish the differential equation for deflection, Eq. 13–1, 13–45. Consider an ideal column as in Fig. 13–10d, having
with the origin at the midspan. The general solution is one end fixed and the other pinned. Show that the critical load
v = C1 sin kx + C2 cos kx + (w>(2P))x2 - (wL>(2P))x on the column is Pcr = 20.19EI>L2. Hint: Due to the vertical
- (wEI>P 2 ) where k 2 = P>EI. deflection at the top of the column, a constant moment M′ will
be developed at the fixed support and horizontal reactive
w forces R′ will be developed at both supports. Show that
P d 2v>dx2 + (P>EI)v = (R′>EI)(L - x). The solution is
of the form v = C1sin (1P>EIx) + C2 cos (1P>EIx) +
(R′>P)(L - x). After application of the boundary conditions
L
show that tan (1P>EIL) = 1P>EI L. Solve numerically for
Prob. 13–41 the smallest nonzero root.