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MSU-Iligan Institute of Technology

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Level II AACUP Accredited

Topic: Prevention of pressure ulcers


Description/ Overview: Pressure ulcers are due to localized ischemia, a deficiency in the blood supply to the tissue. The
tissue is compressed between two surfaces, usually the surface of furniture such as the bed or chair and the bony skeleton.
When blood cannot reach the tissue, the cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients, the waste products of metabolism
accumulate in the cells, and the tissue consequently dies. Prolonged, unrelieved pressure also damages the small blood
vessels. To reduce the likelihood of pressure ulcer development in all clients, the nurse employs a variety of preventive
measures to maintain the skin integrity and instructs the client; support people, and care giver in how to prevent pressure
ulcers.
Materials/ Equipment: Pamphlet
General Objective: The general objective of this health teaching plan is to prevent the patient to have pressure ulcers.

Objectives Learning Content Teaching Strategy Time Allotment Evaluation and


(in minutes) Assessment
Tool
COGNITIVE: I. What is pressure ulcer? Participative 5 minutes Active recalling
Within five (5) minutes of Lecture
health teaching, the Pressure ulcers consist of
patient and watcher will: injury to the skin and/or
 Understand what underlying tissue, usually
is pressure ulcer over a bony prominence, as
 How can the a result of force alone or in
patient acquire combination with
pressure ulcer movement. Pressure ulcers
are a problem in both acute
care settings and long-term
care settings, including
homes.

II. How can the patient


acquire pressure ulcer?

Pressure ulcers are due to


localized ischemia, a
deficiency in the blood
supply to the tissue. The
tissue is compressed
between two surfaces,
usually the surface of
furniture such as the bed or
chair and the bony skeleton.
When blood cannot reach
the tissue, the cells are
deprived of oxygen and
nutrients, the waste
products of metabolism
accumulate in the cells, and
the tissue consequently
dies. Prolonged, unrelieved
pressure also damages the
small blood vessels.

After the skin has been


compromised, it appears

Patient’s Name / Room No. | 1


pale, as if the blood had
been squeezed out of it.
When pressure relieved, the
skin takes on a bright red
flush, called reactive
hyperemia. The flush is due
to vasodilation, a process in
which extra blood floods to
the area to compensate for
the preceding period of
impeded blood flow.

Friction and shearing can


also cause pressure ulcers.

PSYCHOMOTOR: III. How to prevent pressure Participative 5 minutes Active recalling


After five (5) minutes of ulcers? Lecture and Q&A
health teaching, the
patient and watcher will To reduce the likelihood of
be able to: pressure ulcer development
 Determine the in all clients, the nurse
preventions for employs a variety of
pressure ulcers preventive measures to
maintain the skin integrity
and instructs the client;
support people, and care
giver in how to prevent
pressure ulcers. For client’s
at risk, the nurse also
optimizes nutrition, and
hydration, inspects skin
daily, minimizes pressure,
and manages moistures by
keeping the client and dry
and moisturizing skin.

For the patient, these are


the things they need to do
to prevent pressure ulcers:
 Have smooth, firm
and wrinkle-free
foundation on which
to sit or lie
 Frequently shifts in
position
 Keep skin clean
and dry.
 Protect the skin.
Apply moisturizers
in dry skins.
 Enhance nutrition
and hydration.

AFFECTIVE: Active recalling on the


Within three (3) minutes discussed topic. Participative lecture 3 minutes Self-reflection
of health teaching, the
patient and watcher will
be able to:
 Incorporate their
own knowledge
to what they
have learn
 Express
understand of

Patient’s Name / Room No. | 2


the health
teaching.

REFERRENCES:
1. Berman A., Snyder S., & Frandsen G.. KOZIER & ERB’S FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING Concepts, Process,
and Practice, Global Edition, Tenth Edition. Published by Pearson Education Limited (2018)
2. Mayo Clinic (2022) Bedsores (pressure ulcers). https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bed-
sores/symptoms-causes/syc-20355893
3.
4.

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