Chapter 1: Introduction

Wireless Power Transmission

Electricity has an important place in our lives, as it is the one that is giving life to all of the
electrical and electronic devices, one of the best example of an electrical device is light bulb, A
light-bulb produces light from electricity. In addition to lighting a dark space, they can be used to
show an electronic device is on, to direct traffic, for heat, and for many other purposes. Billions
are in use, some even in outer space. But the problem is, on transmitting energy we are using
these annoying wires that causes lots of electrical accidents. So I am thinking how about we get
rid of it? And start transmitting electric power wireless.
Chapter 2: review of related literature

According to MEIE 2018 IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series
1074 (2018), Wireless power transmission(WPT) also known as wireless energy transmission.
It’s a technology that converts electricity into radio waves to specific receiving devices and then
transmits them into load powers. At the end of 19th Century, Nikola Tesla who a famous
inventor did experiments about wireless power transmission. In his experiment, he achieved the
transfer of energy between the two Tesla coil and successfully used Tesla coils to light a wireless
bulb which lay the foundation for the development of wireless power transmission.
According to the distance in the space, the wireless power transmission is divided into three
types: short range, medium range and remote transmission. The close range transmission is
realized by the principle of electromagnetic induction, and the upper limit is 10cm.
Electromagnetic induction based wireless power transfer generates current through primary and
secondary coils, and its electromagnetic field can penetrate all non-metallic materials, so as to
achieve the transmission of energy from the transmission end to the receiver side. The principle
of electromagnetic induction is usually used for power supply of small electronic equipment
because of the limit of transmission distance. Medium range transmission is realized by using
electromagnetic coupling resonance principle or electromagnetic wave radio frequency. The
electromagnetic resonance takes place in the non radiation magnetic field by the receiving coil,
and oscillates at the same frequency, and then effectively utilizes magnetic induction to realize
the transmission of electric power. Compared with the electromagnetic induction based wireless
power transfer, the magnetic field is weaker, the transmission power is higher, the transmission
distance is longer, and the transmission distance is 2~4m. Radio frequency power transmission
mainly transmit radio frequency signal through power amplifier, and then get direct current
through demodulation and high frequency rectifier to realize transmission of power. Radio
frequency power transmission distance is far, can reach 10m, but the transmission power is very
small, it is 1mW ~ 100mW. Medium range transmission can provide power for mobile phones,
MP3, auto parts, thermometers, hearing aids and human implant instruments. Long distance
transmission is realized by means of microwave or laser. Its transmission distance is 10m to
1000m. Microwave or laser are sent to the far end receiving antenna, and then processed through
rectification and modulation.
According to Energy Reports (2021), Friis' transmission formula serves as the foundation for the
primary theory of wireless power transmission using microwaves. The monochromatic wave
without any modulation that makes up the wireless power's microwave signal is used as an
energy carrier . The microwave windows of the atmosphere at 2.45 GHz are the frequency band
selected for long-distance power transmission, and high-efficiency microwave sources and
rectifiers are widely available for these frequencies.
References:
MEIE 2018 IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1074 (2018)
Wang, Yan, et al. "A view of research on wireless power transmission." Journal of Physics:
Conference Series. Vol. 1074. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2018.
Hu, Biao, Hao Li, Tianming Li, Haiyang Wang, Yihong Zhou, Xiaoyun Zhao, Xin Hu et al. "A
long-distance high-power microwave wireless power transmission system based on asymmetrical
resonant magnetron and cyclotron-wave rectifier." Energy Reports 7 (2021): 1154-1161.